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systematic review','bronchoscopy-related-outbreaks-and-pseudo-outbreaks-a-systematic-review','outbreak-news/bronchoscopy-related-outbreaks-and-pseudo-outbreaks-a-systematic-review',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 15:50:31','2024-06-06 15:50:31','b9df8cf6-90b6-4c5a-b881-94dbfcd64ddc'),(27127,27127,1,NULL,'bronchoscopy-related-outbreaks-and-pseudo-outbreaks-a-systematic-review',NULL,'{\"d327c84a-a0ba-403a-932c-9a807624e3ef\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-14 20:50:41\"}, \"f9e1c7bb-0351-432a-beb2-a1562d8f7e7e\": \"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/abs/bronchoscopyrelated-outbreaks-and-pseudooutbreaks-a-systematic-review/57EDBE96037BEC84C820411CF8773DA2?utm_source=SFMC&utm_medium=email&utm_content=Article&utm_campaign=New%20Cambridge%20Alert%20-%20Issues&WT.mc_id=New%20Cambridge%20Alert%20-%20Issues\"}',1,'2024-06-06 15:50:31','2024-06-06 15:50:31','eaa15f0e-a13c-4256-9f8a-210a5148a1fe'),(27128,27128,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"46f8fcfe-c756-437a-ab02-62c34cb70433\": \"Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology\"}',1,'2024-06-06 15:50:31','2024-06-06 15:50:31','6f446477-e282-4afe-bd19-bd50ed01d86d'),(27129,27129,1,'Microbiological characteristics, transmission routes, and mitigation measures in bronchoscope-associated investigations: Summary of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) consultations, 2014–2022','microbiological-characteristics-transmission-routes-and-mitigation-measures-in-bronchoscope-associated-investigations-summary-of-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-cdc-consultations-2014','outbreak-news/microbiological-characteristics-transmission-routes-and-mitigation-measures-in-bronchoscope-associated-investigations-summary-of-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-cdc-consultations-2014',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 15:50:31','2024-06-06 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15:50:31','7f2ce69c-21b0-4bda-8fc1-95e15af46ad3'),(27132,27132,1,'Microbiological characteristics, transmission routes, and mitigation measures in bronchoscope-associated investigations: Summary of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) consultations, 2014–2022','microbiological-characteristics-transmission-routes-and-mitigation-measures-in-bronchoscope-associated-investigations-summary-of-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-cdc-consultations-2014','outbreak-news/microbiological-characteristics-transmission-routes-and-mitigation-measures-in-bronchoscope-associated-investigations-summary-of-centers-for-disease-control-and-prevention-cdc-consultations-2014',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 15:50:31','2024-06-06 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15:50:31','532e8202-b928-4750-a813-0b776494de32'),(27137,27137,1,NULL,'__temp_cgtjiiyykmsqpfvsofjrrcjyeklhgynwcgmg',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 15:52:07','2024-06-06 15:52:07','04cc4764-c8d0-439b-8bb5-30a99c89d8c8'),(27141,27141,1,'CORHA PP Chapter 1',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:35:48','2024-06-06 16:35:48','5bb086b6-45c5-4dbb-9b5f-78600ea72338'),(27143,27143,1,NULL,'__temp_ujxycslsgbcaghabuwdjdgythvbvfhcbbgbf',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>This chapter introduces healthcare outbreak response and provides an outline of CORHA’s Principles &amp; Practices in its entirety. While the primary audience for the CORHA Principles &amp; Practices consists of public health agency personnel, the information presented here can also be useful to healthcare professionals and other partners involved in healthcare outbreak response. </p><p>The field of healthcare epidemiology has expanded tremendously during the last few decades. An extensive network of healthcare and public health professionals has begun working collaboratively to decrease healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AR). One part of this partnership is rapid and efficient outbreak responses to prevent and halt the transmission of pathogens or spread of disease. </p><p>The term <strong>“HAI/AR outbreak” </strong>includes outbreaks involving infections that meet the definition of an HAI as well as infections or colonizations with organisms typically associated with the receipt of healthcare, including pathogens demonstrating resistance to antimicrobial treatment (AR pathogens). </p><p>The term <strong>“outbreak response”</strong> (or simply “response”) refers to efforts made to assist with assessment and investigation of specific, acute HAI/AR risks. The types of hazards addressed by healthcare outbreak response include overt outbreaks, clusters of infections, sentinel cases (e.g., an uncommon HAI or emerging AR threat), or serious breaches in infection control practice. </p><p>Please consult Chapter 1 for additional information including an expanded table of contents with detailed outlines of the topics covered in each chapter and section.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:36:33','2024-06-06 16:36:36','35a4f99c-75f4-48fc-8dad-8e905ab63fbd'),(27145,27145,1,NULL,'__temp_cgwjitblvvhtzzcyuiyiulvsqetcueaspqoh',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What are the general roles and responsibilities of various agencies during an outbreak?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:36:50','2024-06-06 16:36:50','14c1b79f-9d96-45a6-af3b-d9c3c94b800c'),(27147,27147,1,NULL,'__temp_jyxznxwlkbqznuvhzlmfxegkbtthferbswrs',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What communication needs should an outbreak response team be prepared for?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:37:02','2024-06-06 16:37:02','f9edf2cb-783e-4b1c-9393-014eca73603c'),(27148,27148,1,NULL,'__temp_typvrgaiclplwwviokjkeabxkqfbaiyvizom',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"How should an outbreak response team manage their records?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:37:06','2024-06-06 16:37:06','457d4ec2-bfe8-447c-9257-498242a805a4'),(27149,27149,1,NULL,'__temp_riinprsoxjxnleyrqzluunjzsgjyqrojoxnq',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"When should an outbreak response team ask for help, and who can provide it?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:37:09','2024-06-06 16:37:09','739136ef-7e12-4ba4-aa93-f94a9f558697'),(27150,27150,1,NULL,'__temp_hwncnaajahvszwzgfobvawkpxceqlbjfbmwd',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What is an incident command center?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:37:11','2024-06-06 16:37:11','bb67a110-f6cf-40a4-9c4f-604716392ba1'),(27153,27153,1,NULL,'__temp_dtimwmauifyfzznxknomlezbpyxjurqivtyd',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:39:09','2024-06-06 16:45:11','9b94b600-48c2-4a32-a897-b6e246ac3bd7'),(27155,27155,1,NULL,'__temp_ovhynjgbdnjptlsyswicigmfoozhroktxqyq',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:40:54','2024-06-06 16:40:55','00faf47b-7e03-4572-a923-4cd1767c61ff'),(27157,27157,1,NULL,'__temp_zyvdrlbtqetfxhlqcukncmrshnzkzvmzocda',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Change Log</h2>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:41:42','2024-06-06 16:45:54','5f8a42af-a9ee-45fb-bf8a-8f1b294a630c'),(27160,27160,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:55','2024-06-06 16:45:55','4f493eea-859f-41b3-b48e-29f73b359280'),(27161,27161,1,NULL,'__temp_gucwfboqwxyayoootzkdyygjckxtmkqixsiw',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about key terms including “HAI/AR Outbreak” and “Response” and get a high level view of CORHA’s Principles &amp; Practices.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Overview\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:55','2024-06-06 16:45:55','403e7d75-38a8-4564-bfb1-6e2e116bbbcf'),(27162,27162,1,NULL,'__temp_sokllxvtjpllfbujqiskdqmtrvhjdiuvbpcy',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:55','2024-06-06 16:45:55','3cf1b36d-4b7a-4f62-833a-64a4c71ab8ae'),(27163,27163,1,NULL,'__temp_ncduosaigyawkxwiieimwetymdekhtynyqdi',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:55','2024-06-06 16:45:55','ea47cead-cf75-4838-8bf8-c708803a10f5'),(27164,27164,1,NULL,'__temp_vfaviaohqeywxrohkvmhyhqdmyjylsmcunrx',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:55','2024-06-06 16:45:55','496940e5-26f9-4cb3-94cd-f6cb6afd6ca5'),(27165,27165,1,NULL,'__temp_anpmslktaamiyuasjvkwpibcdgffwzbhlwdi',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-05 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:55','2024-06-06 16:45:55','b2f0cb81-3e13-4ae5-9a96-5f9496dd77d4'),(27166,27166,1,NULL,'__temp_qpowqzchqjxbjhiqsmktphrrsruavapszltw',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','9b3a65a8-349b-40e6-b23b-9c86a5815fc3'),(27167,27167,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','09701ee5-bf61-42fd-8bfc-0a4467d4a4b2'),(27168,27168,1,NULL,'__temp_ujxycslsgbcaghabuwdjdgythvbvfhcbbgbf',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>This chapter introduces healthcare outbreak response and provides an outline of CORHA’s Principles &amp; Practices in its entirety. While the primary audience for the CORHA Principles &amp; Practices consists of public health agency personnel, the information presented here can also be useful to healthcare professionals and other partners involved in healthcare outbreak response. </p><p>The field of healthcare epidemiology has expanded tremendously during the last few decades. An extensive network of healthcare and public health professionals has begun working collaboratively to decrease healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AR). One part of this partnership is rapid and efficient outbreak responses to prevent and halt the transmission of pathogens or spread of disease. </p><p>The term <strong>“HAI/AR outbreak” </strong>includes outbreaks involving infections that meet the definition of an HAI as well as infections or colonizations with organisms typically associated with the receipt of healthcare, including pathogens demonstrating resistance to antimicrobial treatment (AR pathogens). </p><p>The term <strong>“outbreak response”</strong> (or simply “response”) refers to efforts made to assist with assessment and investigation of specific, acute HAI/AR risks. The types of hazards addressed by healthcare outbreak response include overt outbreaks, clusters of infections, sentinel cases (e.g., an uncommon HAI or emerging AR threat), or serious breaches in infection control practice. </p><p>Please consult Chapter 1 for additional information including an expanded table of contents with detailed outlines of the topics covered in each chapter and section.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','987f44a9-7ef3-4dd3-a8b3-6f6595d5ad85'),(27169,27169,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','74c06b87-bfcd-45f0-a637-4f5e622023eb'),(27170,27170,1,NULL,'__temp_cgwjitblvvhtzzcyuiyiulvsqetcueaspqoh',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What are the general roles and responsibilities of various agencies during an outbreak?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','25d736a8-f7ed-4144-a592-0d4374ec75a4'),(27171,27171,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','3c5389ae-45e6-4e34-a0f8-d2cbb3b66a9f'),(27172,27172,1,NULL,'__temp_jyxznxwlkbqznuvhzlmfxegkbtthferbswrs',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What communication needs should an outbreak response team be prepared for?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','ad8d0a93-2876-4385-ac7e-f8cab2eff8aa'),(27173,27173,1,NULL,'__temp_typvrgaiclplwwviokjkeabxkqfbaiyvizom',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"How should an outbreak response team manage their records?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','ae2683b1-0f09-4579-a571-f9dc149e2f91'),(27174,27174,1,NULL,'__temp_riinprsoxjxnleyrqzluunjzsgjyqrojoxnq',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"When should an outbreak response team ask for help, and who can provide it?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','d60ffa1f-caf3-4fb1-a8d6-8bfeb8f3f8b1'),(27175,27175,1,NULL,'__temp_hwncnaajahvszwzgfobvawkpxceqlbjfbmwd',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What is an incident command center?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','7ab60c8a-fdd7-46bb-82a1-ba320012d043'),(27176,27176,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','b05f0f2c-2323-4cf0-ba2a-34ee14313a90'),(27177,27177,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','6bf44b7a-5ec8-44b1-8e12-653a6c0ac480'),(27178,27178,1,NULL,'__temp_zyvdrlbtqetfxhlqcukncmrshnzkzvmzocda',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Change Log</h2>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','8d5a240e-92eb-4428-9e4e-5b3719779d59'),(27179,27179,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','bf5005ef-3f2c-4a94-a712-a38fabdeefe2'),(27180,27180,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','b58b46da-b744-4b47-ab8d-7a241b6e517b'),(27181,27181,1,NULL,'__temp_ovhynjgbdnjptlsyswicigmfoozhroktxqyq',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:45:56','2024-06-06 16:45:56','ec686c24-8aa5-4be2-8c21-e2f65b3dbd91'),(27184,27184,1,NULL,'__temp_zyvdrlbtqetfxhlqcukncmrshnzkzvmzocda',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>June 6, 2024</strong></p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in the document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li><li>At the time of publication of this first edition of the CORHA Principles and Practices for Healthcare<br />Outbreak Response, additional chapters and supplements are under development. These will be<br />included in subsequent editions and the tables above will be updated to reflect their contents.</li></ul><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:46:31','2024-06-06 16:50:08','8ff16474-f8a1-41e1-a70a-8db96bc9e420'),(27186,27186,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 1 Overview',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:50:04','2024-06-06 16:50:04','2f175c77-6ca1-41d9-ace8-90a4c16d82fa'),(27187,27187,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:50:09','2024-06-06 16:50:09','f14c7cbc-fc50-4bdc-85ff-7a680c27d28d'),(27188,27188,1,NULL,'__temp_qpowqzchqjxbjhiqsmktphrrsruavapszltw',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:50:09','2024-06-06 16:50:09','eff7c26a-2f38-43d3-99b9-beb443a48637'),(27189,27189,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:50:09','2024-06-06 16:50:09','e5b8bc48-fb71-4951-b371-3d29f809fff1'),(27190,27190,1,NULL,'__temp_zyvdrlbtqetfxhlqcukncmrshnzkzvmzocda',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>June 6, 2024</strong></p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in the document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li><li>At the time of publication of this first edition of the CORHA Principles and Practices for Healthcare<br />Outbreak Response, additional chapters and supplements are under development. These will be<br />included in subsequent editions and the tables above will be updated to reflect their contents.</li></ul><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:50:09','2024-06-06 16:50:09','93628b88-6b73-42c0-9fc9-c23c88620b21'),(27193,27193,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:51:14','2024-06-06 16:51:14','9d3e7c2d-a538-4df3-b41e-6a7769818c48'),(27194,27194,1,NULL,'__temp_anpmslktaamiyuasjvkwpibcdgffwzbhlwdi',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2021-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 16:51:14','2024-06-06 16:51:14','09c87162-00db-466e-bf3f-75e276b30ea7'),(27197,27197,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:51:48','2024-06-06 16:51:48','a7128ad5-78f4-46d3-a494-f103d3f7dc4e'),(27198,27198,1,NULL,'__temp_anpmslktaamiyuasjvkwpibcdgffwzbhlwdi',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 16:51:48','2024-06-06 16:51:48','b70c062c-ce5c-4340-90fc-05945bd145a2'),(27205,27205,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 2 Fundamental Concepts',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 16:54:10','2024-06-06 16:54:10','3da454c2-01ff-49a5-bffd-659f597f04a5'),(27207,27207,1,NULL,'__temp_oiafbbxgbniwzxmofapotgjvjzrsxmrjsurr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>In Chapter 2, we review fundamentals concepts related to healthcare and public health surveillance as well as trends in outbreak detection and response. </p><p>As healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) surveillance improves and outbreaks are recognized earlier, the public health and healthcare communities are better positioned to reduce patient harm from HAIs, AR pathogens, and healthcare outbreaks. </p><p>The ultimate goal of healthcare outbreak response is to rapidly detect and respond to potential outbreaks, ensuring that any unsafe practices are discovered and corrected before further harm can occur.</p><p><a>The chapter contains information on: </a></p><ul><li>Healthcare settings investigators may encounter as part of an HAI/AR outbreak response </li><li>Changes to healthcare delivery, regulations, funding, and public health capacity over time that have impacted HAI/AR surveillance practices and outbreak response activities</li><li>Trends in surveillance, including descriptions of systems used to identify potential outbreaks as well as types of outbreaks and other events to which public health routinely responds<strong> </strong></li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:54:40','2024-06-06 16:57:05','bafdd8b1-dae3-4c0e-90dd-54b195e79280'),(27211,27211,1,NULL,'__temp_wwuzwabkhvorcsjufvnkxszoatptxljtxtxt',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What communication needs should an outbreak response team be prepared for?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:57:29','2024-06-06 16:57:29','e8d754eb-6b07-461f-9c63-7e9e5503fa08'),(27212,27212,1,NULL,'__temp_rxkghzlplhxxolygneaqhcszcspjtdosahqw',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"How should an outbreak response team manage their records?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:57:31','2024-06-06 16:57:31','94a7dcf9-3b5d-4b56-8ad8-49bcc10abb22'),(27216,27216,1,NULL,'__temp_xolszmsyzjbyrhayzgedgrzvaflbdemscyru',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>June 5, 2024</strong></p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:58:10','2024-06-06 17:16:01','791caeeb-cccc-4400-a6fb-a7a3be3841eb'),(27218,27218,1,NULL,'__temp_savwcesdclygunxiwansxqcmypmtjyfemarz',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter References</h2><ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HAI Data. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html</a>  </li><li>Siegel JD, Rinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings. 2007. Last update July 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html</a></li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a>  </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance (AR/AMR): About antimicrobial resistance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/about.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/about.html</a> </li><li>Currie K, Melone L, Stewart S, et al. Understanding the patient experience of health care– associated infection: A qualitative systematic review. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46(8):936-942. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.023  </li><li>National Quality Forum (NQF). Glossary of terms. <a href=\\\"www.qualityforum.org/Measuring_Performance/Submitting_Standards/NQF_Glossary.aspx\\\">www.qualityforum.org/Measuring_Performance/Submitting_Standards/NQF_Glossary.aspx</a>   </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Quality, safety &amp; oversight — certification &amp; compliance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/CertificationandComplianc\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/CertificationandComplianc</a> </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Glossary. <a href=\\\"https://www.medicare.gov/glossary\\\">https://www.medicare.gov/glossary</a> </li><li>McDermott KW, Elixhauser A, Sun R. Trends in hospital inpatient stays in the United States, 2005-2014. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Statistical Brief #225. <a href=\\\"https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb225-Inpatient-USStaysTrends.jsp?utm_source=ahrq&amp;utm_medium=en1&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=1&amp;utm_campaign=ahrq_en7_18_2017\\\">https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb225-Inpatient-USStaysTrends.jsp?utm_source=ahrq&amp;utm_medium=en1&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=1&amp;utm_campaign=ahrq_en7_18_2017</a> </li><li>Kc A, Schaefer MK, Stone ND, Perz J. Characterizing healthcare delivery in the United States using Census Bureau\'s County Business Patterns (2000-2016). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020;41(6):723-728. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.78. </li><li>Dentler J. Outpatient migration: 6 trends and developments. Becker\'s Hospital Review 2018 May 21. <a href=\\\"https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/outpatientmigration-6-trends-and-developments.html\\\">https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/outpatientmigration-6-trends-and-developments.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Yellow Book 2020: Health Information for International Travel. Chapter 9: Travel for work &amp; other reasons. <a href=\\\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/travel-for-work-other-reasons/medicaltourism\\\">https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/travel-for-work-other-reasons/medicaltourism</a></li><li>Bartles R, Dickson A, Babade O. A systematic approach to quantifying infection prevention staffing and coverage needs. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46(5):487-491. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.006</li><li>Pogorzelska-Maziarz M, Gilmartin H, Reese S. Infection prevention staffing and resources in U.S. acute care hospitals: Results from the APIC MegaSurvey. Am J Infect Control. 2018;48(8):852- 857. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.04.202 </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Memo: Specialized infection prevention and control training for nursing home staff in the long-term care setting is now available, March 11, 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Policy-and-Memos-to-States-and-RegionsItems/QSO19-10-NH\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Policy-and-Memos-to-States-and-RegionsItems/QSO19-10-NH</a></li><li>Langmuir A. The surveillance of communicable diseases of national importance. N Engl J Med 1963;268:182-192. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196301242680405 </li><li>World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Public Health Surveillance. <a href=\\\"https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/public-health-surveillance/index.html\\\">https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/public-health-surveillance/index.html</a></li><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak Response Capacity Assessments and Improvements Among Public Health Department Health Care–Associated Infection Programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022; 28(2):116-125. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN): CMS requirements. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/cms/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/cms/index.html</a> </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS): Surveillance case definitions for current and historical conditions. <a href=\\\"https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/\\\">https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/</a> </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria (NARMS). <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/narms/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/narms/index.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Lab Capacity in Action to Fight Antibiotic Resistance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/solutions-initiative/ar-lab-network.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/solutions-initiative/ar-lab-network.html</a> </li><li>Emori TG, Culver DH, Horan TC, et al. National nosocomial infections surveillance system (NNIS): Description of surveillance methods. Am J Infect Control. 1991;19(1):19-35. doi: 10.1016/0196- 6553(91)90157-8</li><li>Edwards JR, Peterson KD, Mu Y, et al. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report: Data summary for 2006 through 2008, issued December 2009. Am J Infect Control. 2009;37(10):783- 805. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.10.001 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State-based HAI Prevention Activities: States with HAI Reporting Mandates. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/state-based/required-to-report-haiNHSN.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/state-based/required-to-report-haiNHSN.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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Notes from the Field: Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate with three carbapenem resistance genes associated with urology procedures ─ King County, Washington, 2018; MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(30):667-668. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6830a4 </li><li>Ross KM, Mehr JS, Carothers BL, et al. Bacterial septic arthritis infections associated with intraarticular injection practices for osteoarthritis knee pain-New Jersey, 2017. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40(9):1013-1018. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.168 </li><li>Njuguna HN, Stinson D, Montgomery P, et al. Hepatitis C virus potentially transmitted by opioid drug diversion from a nurse — Washington, August 2017–March 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(16):374-376. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6816a3 </li><li>Perkins KM, Reddy SC, Fagan R, Arduino MJ, Perz JF. Investigation of healthcare infection risks from water-related organisms: Summary of CDC consultations, 2014–2017. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40(6):621-626. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.60 </li><li>Nanduri SA, Metcalf BJ, Arwady MA, et al. Prolonged and large outbreak of invasive group A Streptococcus disease within a nursing home: repeated intrafacility transmission of a single strain. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019;25(2):248.e1-248 .e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.04.034 </li><li>Peña SA, Davis SS, Lu X, et al. Severe respiratory illness associated with human metapneumovirus in nursing home, New Mexico, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019; 25(2):383-384. doi: 10.3201/eid2502.181298</li><li>Epson EE, Pisney LM, Wendt JM, et al. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae-producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase at an acute care hospital, Colorado, 2012. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014;35(4):390-397. doi: 10.1086/675607 </li><li>David S, Reuter S, Harris SR, et al. Epidemic of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Europe is driven by nosocomial spread. Nature Microbiol. 2019;4(11):1919-1929. doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0492-8 </li><li>Vallabhaneni S, Kallen A, Tsay S, et al. Investigation of the first seven reported cases of Candida auris, a globally emerging invasive, multidrug-resistant fungus ─ United States, May 2013-August 2016. Am J Transplant. 2017;17(1):296-299. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14121</li><li>Novosad SA, Lake J, Nguyen D, et al. Multicenter outbreak of Gram-negative bloodstream infections in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;74(5):610-619. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.05.012 </li><li>Kutty PK, Forster TS, Wood-Koob C, et al. Multistate outbreak of toxic anterior segment syndrome, 2005. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34(4):585-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.11.037 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Toxic anterior segment syndrome after cataract surgery ─ Maine, 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56(25):629-630. </li><li>Martone WJ, Williams WW, Mortensen ML, et al. Illness with fatalities in premature infants: association with an intravenous vitamin E preparation, E-Ferol. Pediatrics. 1986;78(4):591-600. </li><li>Burwen DR, Olsen SM, Bland LA, Arduino MJ, Reid MH, Jarvis WR. Epidemic aluminum intoxication in hemodialysis patients traced to use of an aluminum pump. Kidney Int. 1995;48(2):469-74. doi: 10.1038/ki.1995.315 </li><li>Pearson ML, Levine WC, Finton RJ, et al. Anesthesia-associated carbon monoxide exposures among surgical patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2001;22(6):352-326. doi: 10.1086/501912 </li><li>OYong K, Coelho L, Bancroft E, Terashita D. Health care-associated infection outbreak investigations in outpatient settings, Los Angeles County, California, USA, 2000-2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(8):1317-1321. doi: 10.3201/eid2108.141251 </li><li>Cheng VCC, Chen JHK, Wong SCY, et al. Hospital outbreak of pulmonary and cutaneous zygomycosis due to contaminated linen items from substandard laundry. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(6):714-721. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ1006 </li><li>Alroy-Preis S, Daly ER, Adamski C, et al. Large outbreak of Hepatitis C virus associated with drug diversion by a healthcare technician. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):845-853. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy193 </li><li>Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et al. Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23): 2194-2203. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1212972 </li><li>Mikosz CA, Smith RM, Kim M, et al. Fungal endophthalmitis associated with compounded products. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(2):248-256. doi: 10.3201/eid2002.131257</li><li>Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et al. Invasive Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among cardiothoracic surgical patients exposed to heater-cooler devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5): 796-805. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161899 </li><li>van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, et al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(10):1033-1041. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30324-9 </li><li>Kracalik I, Ham C, Smith AR, et al. Notes from the Field: Verona Integron-encoded metallo-betalactamase–producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in U.S. residents associated with invasive medical procedures in Mexico, 2015–2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(20):463-464. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6820a4</li></ol>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 16:59:29','2024-06-06 17:15:53','c0752b14-397d-4516-b70c-e3ed1c307f97'),(27219,27219,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:03','2024-06-06 17:16:03','b5a0ceb4-9bdf-49c7-bdc5-09dd42de90f9'),(27220,27220,1,NULL,'__temp_uzoucsvhhrzyjqqombpthfudczbtgaxzrgay',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn basic concepts and trends in healthcare delivery, HAI/AR surveillance, outbreak detection, and response.</i></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:03','2024-06-06 17:16:03','9996de89-672c-40f2-a122-b153974eaabb'),(27221,27221,1,NULL,'__temp_eoacrtyvzmbfchquvzyrzxrvwhwdsvqqpeer',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:03','2024-06-06 17:16:03','2913df5c-383b-4a35-a0c0-8f6ab6e64c36'),(27222,27222,1,NULL,'__temp_qeltmaysthbvpssbkkdkvucmabkcbavviiub',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','985a6723-53bb-4402-83e6-918ee567f066'),(27223,27223,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"1e722570-9511-4fa1-8aef-4415e13072e1\": \"<p><a href=\\\"#\\\">Optional: Committee</a></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','400cc33f-67dc-4b1c-85a4-c05665685271'),(27224,27224,1,NULL,'__temp_gkfpjxoiqhimxggmufjvhqnfzxsegjqjbetn',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','cb5ad67b-dd5f-4013-bea9-1ba06911a7fe'),(27225,27225,1,NULL,'__temp_selqraxpxgpjwdfsilwyzxugzatmmmtrmbwn',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','27807cb0-67b7-40ad-aebf-d2e9dc3e45c2'),(27226,27226,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','5c099c91-4b44-4d43-bc57-4f5e6aca6e9a'),(27227,27227,1,NULL,'__temp_oiafbbxgbniwzxmofapotgjvjzrsxmrjsurr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>In Chapter 2, we review fundamentals concepts related to healthcare and public health surveillance as well as trends in outbreak detection and response. </p><p>As healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) surveillance improves and outbreaks are recognized earlier, the public health and healthcare communities are better positioned to reduce patient harm from HAIs, AR pathogens, and healthcare outbreaks. </p><p>The ultimate goal of healthcare outbreak response is to rapidly detect and respond to potential outbreaks, ensuring that any unsafe practices are discovered and corrected before further harm can occur.</p><p><a>The chapter contains information on: </a></p><ul><li>Healthcare settings investigators may encounter as part of an HAI/AR outbreak response </li><li>Changes to healthcare delivery, regulations, funding, and public health capacity over time that have impacted HAI/AR surveillance practices and outbreak response activities</li><li>Trends in surveillance, including descriptions of systems used to identify potential outbreaks as well as types of outbreaks and other events to which public health routinely responds<strong> </strong></li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','618c079a-4bca-4a12-9fb6-370f8c0128d1'),(27228,27228,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','deb64d39-ad7c-4f7c-83b8-d515d997ce0b'),(27229,27229,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','2f35feff-86ce-497f-9964-564474f44fc4'),(27230,27230,1,NULL,'__temp_wwuzwabkhvorcsjufvnkxszoatptxljtxtxt',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What communication needs should an outbreak response team be prepared for?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','b6a53b29-1471-4d8c-8233-67ba29612f78'),(27231,27231,1,NULL,'__temp_rxkghzlplhxxolygneaqhcszcspjtdosahqw',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"How should an outbreak response team manage their records?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','560943f8-a6aa-479d-b8f7-d8d018cda9bb'),(27232,27232,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','b6b1c9c3-b822-4024-9eb9-f861d61e7da9'),(27233,27233,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','372e0c01-8d00-4be3-877b-34bae2b3f52b'),(27234,27234,1,NULL,'__temp_xolszmsyzjbyrhayzgedgrzvaflbdemscyru',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>June 5, 2024</strong></p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','c931f04d-6e79-4841-82c2-eacc37e91a1e'),(27235,27235,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','53c7546d-5663-43f7-8982-1f8171e0d859'),(27236,27236,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','e57d969b-e24f-4ba8-ae95-021d057d52f0'),(27237,27237,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','adedbb15-e6d0-4e1e-8c7d-0a34ebbe553d'),(27238,27238,1,NULL,'__temp_savwcesdclygunxiwansxqcmypmtjyfemarz',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter References</h2><ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HAI Data. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html</a>  </li><li>Siegel JD, Rinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings. 2007. Last update July 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html</a></li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a>  </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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Statistical Brief #225. <a href=\\\"https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb225-Inpatient-USStaysTrends.jsp?utm_source=ahrq&amp;utm_medium=en1&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=1&amp;utm_campaign=ahrq_en7_18_2017\\\">https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb225-Inpatient-USStaysTrends.jsp?utm_source=ahrq&amp;utm_medium=en1&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=1&amp;utm_campaign=ahrq_en7_18_2017</a> </li><li>Kc A, Schaefer MK, Stone ND, Perz J. Characterizing healthcare delivery in the United States using Census Bureau\'s County Business Patterns (2000-2016). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020;41(6):723-728. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.78. </li><li>Dentler J. Outpatient migration: 6 trends and developments. Becker\'s Hospital Review 2018 May 21. <a href=\\\"https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/outpatientmigration-6-trends-and-developments.html\\\">https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/outpatientmigration-6-trends-and-developments.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Yellow Book 2020: Health Information for International Travel. Chapter 9: Travel for work &amp; other reasons. <a href=\\\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/travel-for-work-other-reasons/medicaltourism\\\">https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/travel-for-work-other-reasons/medicaltourism</a></li><li>Bartles R, Dickson A, Babade O. A systematic approach to quantifying infection prevention staffing and coverage needs. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46(5):487-491. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.006</li><li>Pogorzelska-Maziarz M, Gilmartin H, Reese S. Infection prevention staffing and resources in U.S. acute care hospitals: Results from the APIC MegaSurvey. Am J Infect Control. 2018;48(8):852- 857. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.04.202 </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Memo: Specialized infection prevention and control training for nursing home staff in the long-term care setting is now available, March 11, 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Policy-and-Memos-to-States-and-RegionsItems/QSO19-10-NH\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Policy-and-Memos-to-States-and-RegionsItems/QSO19-10-NH</a></li><li>Langmuir A. The surveillance of communicable diseases of national importance. N Engl J Med 1963;268:182-192. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196301242680405 </li><li>World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Public Health Surveillance. <a href=\\\"https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/public-health-surveillance/index.html\\\">https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/public-health-surveillance/index.html</a></li><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak Response Capacity Assessments and Improvements Among Public Health Department Health Care–Associated Infection Programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022; 28(2):116-125. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN): CMS requirements. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/cms/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/cms/index.html</a> </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report: Data summary for 2006 through 2008, issued December 2009. Am J Infect Control. 2009;37(10):783- 805. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.10.001 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State-based HAI Prevention Activities: States with HAI Reporting Mandates. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/state-based/required-to-report-haiNHSN.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/state-based/required-to-report-haiNHSN.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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Notes from the Field: Clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolate with three carbapenem resistance genes associated with urology procedures ─ King County, Washington, 2018; MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(30):667-668. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6830a4 </li><li>Ross KM, Mehr JS, Carothers BL, et al. Bacterial septic arthritis infections associated with intraarticular injection practices for osteoarthritis knee pain-New Jersey, 2017. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40(9):1013-1018. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.168 </li><li>Njuguna HN, Stinson D, Montgomery P, et al. Hepatitis C virus potentially transmitted by opioid drug diversion from a nurse — Washington, August 2017–March 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(16):374-376. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6816a3 </li><li>Perkins KM, Reddy SC, Fagan R, Arduino MJ, Perz JF. Investigation of healthcare infection risks from water-related organisms: Summary of CDC consultations, 2014–2017. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40(6):621-626. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.60 </li><li>Nanduri SA, Metcalf BJ, Arwady MA, et al. Prolonged and large outbreak of invasive group A Streptococcus disease within a nursing home: repeated intrafacility transmission of a single strain. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019;25(2):248.e1-248 .e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.04.034 </li><li>Peña SA, Davis SS, Lu X, et al. Severe respiratory illness associated with human metapneumovirus in nursing home, New Mexico, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019; 25(2):383-384. doi: 10.3201/eid2502.181298</li><li>Epson EE, Pisney LM, Wendt JM, et al. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae-producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase at an acute care hospital, Colorado, 2012. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014;35(4):390-397. doi: 10.1086/675607 </li><li>David S, Reuter S, Harris SR, et al. Epidemic of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Europe is driven by nosocomial spread. Nature Microbiol. 2019;4(11):1919-1929. doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0492-8 </li><li>Vallabhaneni S, Kallen A, Tsay S, et al. Investigation of the first seven reported cases of Candida auris, a globally emerging invasive, multidrug-resistant fungus ─ United States, May 2013-August 2016. Am J Transplant. 2017;17(1):296-299. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14121</li><li>Novosad SA, Lake J, Nguyen D, et al. Multicenter outbreak of Gram-negative bloodstream infections in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;74(5):610-619. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.05.012 </li><li>Kutty PK, Forster TS, Wood-Koob C, et al. Multistate outbreak of toxic anterior segment syndrome, 2005. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34(4):585-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.11.037 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Toxic anterior segment syndrome after cataract surgery ─ Maine, 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56(25):629-630. </li><li>Martone WJ, Williams WW, Mortensen ML, et al. Illness with fatalities in premature infants: association with an intravenous vitamin E preparation, E-Ferol. Pediatrics. 1986;78(4):591-600. </li><li>Burwen DR, Olsen SM, Bland LA, Arduino MJ, Reid MH, Jarvis WR. Epidemic aluminum intoxication in hemodialysis patients traced to use of an aluminum pump. Kidney Int. 1995;48(2):469-74. doi: 10.1038/ki.1995.315 </li><li>Pearson ML, Levine WC, Finton RJ, et al. Anesthesia-associated carbon monoxide exposures among surgical patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2001;22(6):352-326. doi: 10.1086/501912 </li><li>OYong K, Coelho L, Bancroft E, Terashita D. Health care-associated infection outbreak investigations in outpatient settings, Los Angeles County, California, USA, 2000-2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(8):1317-1321. doi: 10.3201/eid2108.141251 </li><li>Cheng VCC, Chen JHK, Wong SCY, et al. Hospital outbreak of pulmonary and cutaneous zygomycosis due to contaminated linen items from substandard laundry. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(6):714-721. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ1006 </li><li>Alroy-Preis S, Daly ER, Adamski C, et al. Large outbreak of Hepatitis C virus associated with drug diversion by a healthcare technician. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):845-853. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy193 </li><li>Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et al. Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23): 2194-2203. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1212972 </li><li>Mikosz CA, Smith RM, Kim M, et al. Fungal endophthalmitis associated with compounded products. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(2):248-256. doi: 10.3201/eid2002.131257</li><li>Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et al. Invasive Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among cardiothoracic surgical patients exposed to heater-cooler devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5): 796-805. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161899 </li><li>van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, et al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(10):1033-1041. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30324-9 </li><li>Kracalik I, Ham C, Smith AR, et al. Notes from the Field: Verona Integron-encoded metallo-betalactamase–producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in U.S. residents associated with invasive medical procedures in Mexico, 2015–2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(20):463-464. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6820a4</li></ol>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:04','2024-06-06 17:16:04','a492fa74-2dde-4d52-bd7d-66db8246962e'),(27241,27241,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:16:25','2024-06-06 17:16:25','050f9358-1c7b-4c57-8a8c-060383e9aa42'),(27242,27242,1,NULL,'__temp_sihrpsoxsgefedkvviponhmikrxoarfykscr',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:16:25','2024-06-06 17:16:25','b554f07b-f914-40f5-9d1c-17fbb0c92e77'),(27251,27251,1,NULL,'__temp_hunguguacjbklrykexrwkypehaxvdvostgil',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>June 5, 2024</h2><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022 </li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 6, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:18:48','2024-06-06 17:20:53','edcbb4a3-c9ba-44a1-9048-0093519b167c'),(27255,27255,1,NULL,'__temp_eekhhbrqlppsbwneworqfzepgvclxcxmmcjw',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Public Health Professionals Gateway: HealthDepartment Governance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/publichealthgateway/sitesgovernance/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/publichealthgateway/sitesgovernance/index.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State Based HAI Prevention Activities. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/state-based/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/state-based/index.html</a></li><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak response capacity assessments and improvements among public health department health care-associated infection programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020;2022; 28(2):116-125. DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Epidemic Intelligence Service: Urgent Assistance (Epi-Aids). <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html</a></li><li>U.S. Food &amp; Drug Administration. Information Sharing. <a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/federal-state-localtribal-and-territorial-officials/communications-outreach/information-sharing\\\">https://www.fda.gov/federal-state-localtribal-and-territorial-officials/communications-outreach/information-sharing</a></li><li>Holt JD, Ghosh SN, Black JR. Legal Considerations. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 13. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Legal.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Legal.html</a></li><li>California Hospital Association. Emergency Preparedness: Drills and Exercises. <a href=\\\"https://www.calhospitalprepare.org/exercises\\\">https://www.calhospitalprepare.org/exercises</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs): Infection Control Assessment Tools. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/infection-controlassessment-tools.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/infection-controlassessment-tools.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Quick Observation Tools (QUOTs) for Infection Prevention. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/tools/quots.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/tools/quots.html</a></li><li>Heymann DL, ed. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. 20th ed. APHA Press; 2015.</li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Emergency Preparedness Rule. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertEmergPrep/Emergency-Prep-Rule.html\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertEmergPrep/Emergency-Prep-Rule.html</a></li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Outpatient Settings Policy Options for Improving Infection Prevention. October 2015. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/prevent/Outpatient-Settings-Policy-Options.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/prevent/Outpatient-Settings-Policy-Options.pdf</a></li><li>US Department of Health &amp; Human Services(HHS). Public Health. 45 CFR 164.512(b). <a href=\\\"https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/public-health/index.html\\\">https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/public-health/index.html</a> </li><li>US Department of Health &amp; Human Services(HHS). Summary of the HIPAA Privacy Rule. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/laws-regulations/index.html</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:19:39','2024-06-06 17:20:53','0e49b10c-e18c-4830-ba42-4abffabf33d9'),(27256,27256,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 3 Planning Preparation',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:49','2024-06-06 17:20:49','2797322b-7d55-48e5-9747-ecea1fb48019'),(27257,27257,1,'3 - Planning & Preparation','planning-preparation','chapters/planning-preparation','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Planning & Preparation\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 3, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Three\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:54','2024-06-06 17:20:54','aa361162-7f64-4bde-bc62-3e8097d32bcd'),(27258,27258,1,NULL,'__temp_rgjfcjgivkkfbvvdjojwocgwobjbrpshscrg',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about agency roles, team structures, and tips for organizing, managing, and optimizing response activities.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Planning & Preparation\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:54','2024-06-06 17:20:54','81d7476d-be2f-499e-a206-ff0e5df6dd26'),(27259,27259,1,NULL,'__temp_hiqyilxtiufxlzedeiuqqwpmxtkjvrjpvcmr',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:54','2024-06-06 17:20:54','40fa8683-5cb8-4be2-88c8-f3c20bbd5ac6'),(27260,27260,1,NULL,'__temp_hgsmjiaajpbjjjexbbzorpnoemhuwvxfbcfy',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:54','2024-06-06 17:20:54','3f7a9bc3-639f-4969-b7b5-771e8bbb9222'),(27261,27261,1,NULL,'__temp_jpsylhdduysopiyoewwdhrjloulnnqktmyaa',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:54','2024-06-06 17:20:54','3af4f111-e3e6-4258-bc71-d4449746acfd'),(27262,27262,1,NULL,'__temp_aaiguvstvispuzkxhsmzpkqyapyozrtgjkou',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','c95b168c-4ee9-47e0-b760-228f0c9ea1db'),(27263,27263,1,NULL,'__temp_brinvavemdsrsdynftjogjrporrneuuavemh',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','a3a7aafd-2c3f-4799-babb-a2f8dc13cd0d'),(27264,27264,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','dac3fdb5-9e9a-416f-94c4-b61b13c70fa8'),(27265,27265,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','e222a271-582a-4699-a604-063393b8ec46'),(27266,27266,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','29ebe124-b5b0-4be1-9537-dd5af3031cd3'),(27267,27267,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','f64a5ff7-e65d-4500-9cbf-304240564e61'),(27268,27268,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','24c0a68a-b0e9-45a8-9814-65b5911ca356'),(27269,27269,1,NULL,'__temp_hunguguacjbklrykexrwkypehaxvdvostgil',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>June 5, 2024</h2><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022 </li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 6, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','212cbb02-2f83-46e1-b4a6-64cd0acd313b'),(27270,27270,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','77dbf249-ee1e-4a48-b5d2-7ab9841032f0'),(27271,27271,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','ce3ce753-612e-4569-abaf-4a1a7bb493a0'),(27272,27272,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','4a036cf6-b7db-4b18-8976-135028220f21'),(27273,27273,1,NULL,'__temp_eekhhbrqlppsbwneworqfzepgvclxcxmmcjw',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Public Health Professionals Gateway: HealthDepartment Governance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/publichealthgateway/sitesgovernance/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/publichealthgateway/sitesgovernance/index.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State Based HAI Prevention Activities. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/state-based/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/state-based/index.html</a></li><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak response capacity assessments and improvements among public health department health care-associated infection programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020;2022; 28(2):116-125. DOI: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Epidemic Intelligence Service: Urgent Assistance (Epi-Aids). <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html</a></li><li>U.S. Food &amp; Drug Administration. Information Sharing. <a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/federal-state-localtribal-and-territorial-officials/communications-outreach/information-sharing\\\">https://www.fda.gov/federal-state-localtribal-and-territorial-officials/communications-outreach/information-sharing</a></li><li>Holt JD, Ghosh SN, Black JR. Legal Considerations. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 13. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Legal.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Legal.html</a></li><li>California Hospital Association. Emergency Preparedness: Drills and Exercises. <a href=\\\"https://www.calhospitalprepare.org/exercises\\\">https://www.calhospitalprepare.org/exercises</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs): Infection Control Assessment Tools. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/infection-controlassessment-tools.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/infection-controlassessment-tools.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Quick Observation Tools (QUOTs) for Infection Prevention. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/tools/quots.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/tools/quots.html</a></li><li>Heymann DL, ed. Control of Communicable Diseases Manual. 20th ed. APHA Press; 2015.</li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Emergency Preparedness Rule. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertEmergPrep/Emergency-Prep-Rule.html\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertEmergPrep/Emergency-Prep-Rule.html</a></li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Outpatient Settings Policy Options for Improving Infection Prevention. October 2015. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/prevent/Outpatient-Settings-Policy-Options.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/pdfs/prevent/Outpatient-Settings-Policy-Options.pdf</a></li><li>US Department of Health &amp; Human Services(HHS). Public Health. 45 CFR 164.512(b). <a href=\\\"https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/public-health/index.html\\\">https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/special-topics/public-health/index.html</a> </li><li>US Department of Health &amp; Human Services(HHS). Summary of the HIPAA Privacy Rule. https://www.hhs.gov/hipaa/for-professionals/privacy/laws-regulations/index.html</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:20:55','2024-06-06 17:20:55','a7b3f99a-807e-48b9-bf85-868c7a4d74b2'),(27276,27276,1,NULL,'__temp_avwhucxnbobrkmplolixiifvkvacrxgcsmza',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Preparations made ahead of a healthcare-associated infection (HAI) or antimicrobial-resistant (AR) pathogen outbreak lay the groundwork for actions taken during the outbreak response. </p><p>In Chapter 3, Planning &amp; Preparation, we lay out the roles, resources, processes, and relationships that should be in place prior to initiating an outbreak response. Example activities include developing the capacity to rapidly collect and analyze large amounts of information, taking rapid action to stop transmission, and communicating effectively with stakeholders.</p><p>Background information on agencies and partners that may be involved in an outbreak response is provided, and their respective roles and responsibilities are described, including considerations for a coordinating agency and the composition of outbreak response teams. </p><p>Other topics include planning and preparation for resource identification and record management, communication considerations, understanding legal authorities, and preparation for escalation, recovery, and follow-up, including potential implementation of an incident command system.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:21:07','2024-06-06 17:21:23','8c00d00b-3743-45df-89e0-ee954ea23fd7'),(27280,27280,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 3 Planning Preparation',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:22:03','2024-06-06 17:22:03','9a908a16-4553-4e77-93dc-77acb785bc97'),(27282,27282,1,'Measles','1',NULL,'{\"7c3aa88a-4dd1-4cc0-b5d1-ba31ee7ab7ec\": \"/news\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:22:04','2024-06-06 17:22:14','b079df3f-2977-417f-988d-3f4d5273018e'),(27283,27283,1,'3 - Planning & Preparation','planning-preparation','chapters/planning-preparation','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Planning & Preparation\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 3, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Three\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:22:08','2024-06-06 17:22:08','e3c83539-5a9e-4d0d-ae4f-cacc9697a96b'),(27284,27284,1,NULL,'__temp_brinvavemdsrsdynftjogjrporrneuuavemh',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:22:08','2024-06-06 17:22:08','5b6f8b59-662a-425f-bf11-9eba0c0b3a8f'),(27285,27285,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:22:08','2024-06-06 17:22:08','8e467ebb-dab8-4d57-a5ae-dd63d3fd0854'),(27286,27286,1,NULL,'__temp_avwhucxnbobrkmplolixiifvkvacrxgcsmza',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Preparations made ahead of a healthcare-associated infection (HAI) or antimicrobial-resistant (AR) pathogen outbreak lay the groundwork for actions taken during the outbreak response. </p><p>In Chapter 3, Planning &amp; Preparation, we lay out the roles, resources, processes, and relationships that should be in place prior to initiating an outbreak response. Example activities include developing the capacity to rapidly collect and analyze large amounts of information, taking rapid action to stop transmission, and communicating effectively with stakeholders.</p><p>Background information on agencies and partners that may be involved in an outbreak response is provided, and their respective roles and responsibilities are described, including considerations for a coordinating agency and the composition of outbreak response teams. </p><p>Other topics include planning and preparation for resource identification and record management, communication considerations, understanding legal authorities, and preparation for escalation, recovery, and follow-up, including potential implementation of an incident command system.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:22:09','2024-06-06 17:22:09','06eb873b-7e84-460d-8a97-12eb8f47e7d7'),(27287,27287,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:22:09','2024-06-06 17:22:09','1c3789f5-c6f7-42c1-a631-df24218f7c2b'),(27288,27288,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:22:09','2024-06-06 17:22:09','40f08c60-32e4-48b7-a933-300c7fa342f3'),(27289,27289,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:22:09','2024-06-06 17:22:09','5ced28a8-d597-472f-8787-7e848bc876af'),(27293,27293,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 3 Planning and Preparation',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:23:12','2024-06-06 17:23:12','ac879268-2f52-47e0-a9d0-0607ed426036'),(27294,27294,1,'3 - Planning & Preparation','planning-preparation','chapters/planning-preparation','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Planning & Preparation\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 3, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Three\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:23:17','2024-06-06 17:23:17','826e8f14-d901-440d-b683-453457d7ba3c'),(27295,27295,1,NULL,'__temp_brinvavemdsrsdynftjogjrporrneuuavemh',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:23:17','2024-06-06 17:23:17','04e9b970-5763-456e-9935-118f8620d3ca'),(27298,27298,1,NULL,'__temp_savwcesdclygunxiwansxqcmypmtjyfemarz',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HAI Data. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html</a>  </li><li>Siegel JD, Rinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings. 2007. Last update July 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html</a></li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a>  </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Antibiotic/Antimicrobial Resistance (AR/AMR): About antimicrobial resistance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/about.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/about.html</a> </li><li>Currie K, Melone L, Stewart S, et al. Understanding the patient experience of health care– associated infection: A qualitative systematic review. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46(8):936-942. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.023  </li><li>National Quality Forum (NQF). Glossary of terms. <a href=\\\"www.qualityforum.org/Measuring_Performance/Submitting_Standards/NQF_Glossary.aspx\\\">www.qualityforum.org/Measuring_Performance/Submitting_Standards/NQF_Glossary.aspx</a>   </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Quality, safety &amp; oversight — certification &amp; compliance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/CertificationandComplianc\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/CertificationandComplianc</a> </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Glossary. <a href=\\\"https://www.medicare.gov/glossary\\\">https://www.medicare.gov/glossary</a> </li><li>McDermott KW, Elixhauser A, Sun R. Trends in hospital inpatient stays in the United States, 2005-2014. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Statistical Brief #225. <a href=\\\"https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb225-Inpatient-USStaysTrends.jsp?utm_source=ahrq&amp;utm_medium=en1&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=1&amp;utm_campaign=ahrq_en7_18_2017\\\">https://www.hcup-us.ahrq.gov/reports/statbriefs/sb225-Inpatient-USStaysTrends.jsp?utm_source=ahrq&amp;utm_medium=en1&amp;utm_term=&amp;utm_content=1&amp;utm_campaign=ahrq_en7_18_2017</a> </li><li>Kc A, Schaefer MK, Stone ND, Perz J. Characterizing healthcare delivery in the United States using Census Bureau\'s County Business Patterns (2000-2016). Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2020;41(6):723-728. doi: 10.1017/ice.2020.78. </li><li>Dentler J. Outpatient migration: 6 trends and developments. Becker\'s Hospital Review 2018 May 21. <a href=\\\"https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/outpatientmigration-6-trends-and-developments.html\\\">https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/hospital-management-administration/outpatientmigration-6-trends-and-developments.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Yellow Book 2020: Health Information for International Travel. Chapter 9: Travel for work &amp; other reasons. <a href=\\\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/travel-for-work-other-reasons/medicaltourism\\\">https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2020/travel-for-work-other-reasons/medicaltourism</a></li><li>Bartles R, Dickson A, Babade O. A systematic approach to quantifying infection prevention staffing and coverage needs. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46(5):487-491. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2017.11.006</li><li>Pogorzelska-Maziarz M, Gilmartin H, Reese S. Infection prevention staffing and resources in U.S. acute care hospitals: Results from the APIC MegaSurvey. Am J Infect Control. 2018;48(8):852- 857. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.04.202 </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Memo: Specialized infection prevention and control training for nursing home staff in the long-term care setting is now available, March 11, 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Policy-and-Memos-to-States-and-RegionsItems/QSO19-10-NH\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Policy-and-Memos-to-States-and-RegionsItems/QSO19-10-NH</a></li><li>Langmuir A. The surveillance of communicable diseases of national importance. N Engl J Med 1963;268:182-192. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196301242680405 </li><li>World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean. Public Health Surveillance. <a href=\\\"https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/public-health-surveillance/index.html\\\">https://www.emro.who.int/health-topics/public-health-surveillance/index.html</a></li><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak Response Capacity Assessments and Improvements Among Public Health Department Health Care–Associated Infection Programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022; 28(2):116-125. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN): CMS requirements. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/cms/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/cms/index.html</a> </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS): Surveillance case definitions for current and historical conditions. <a href=\\\"https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/\\\">https://ndc.services.cdc.gov/</a> </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System for Enteric Bacteria (NARMS). <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/narms/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/narms/index.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Lab Capacity in Action to Fight Antibiotic Resistance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/solutions-initiative/ar-lab-network.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/solutions-initiative/ar-lab-network.html</a> </li><li>Emori TG, Culver DH, Horan TC, et al. National nosocomial infections surveillance system (NNIS): Description of surveillance methods. Am J Infect Control. 1991;19(1):19-35. doi: 10.1016/0196- 6553(91)90157-8</li><li>Edwards JR, Peterson KD, Mu Y, et al. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) report: Data summary for 2006 through 2008, issued December 2009. Am J Infect Control. 2009;37(10):783- 805. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2009.10.001 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). State-based HAI Prevention Activities: States with HAI Reporting Mandates. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/state-based/required-to-report-haiNHSN.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/state-based/required-to-report-haiNHSN.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Current HAI progress report: 2020 National and State Healthcare-Associated Infections Progress Report. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/progressreport.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhai%2Fsurveillance%2Fprogres%20s-report%2Findex.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/progressreport.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fhai%2Fsurveillance%2Fprogres s-report%2Findex.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN): About NHSN. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/about-nhsn/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/about-nhsn/index.html</a> </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Antibiotic Resistance &amp; Patient Safety Portal. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/AR-Patient-Safety-Portal.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/portal/AR-Patient-Safety-Portal.html</a></li><li>World Health Organization (WHO) Regional Office for Europe. Guidance for sentinel influenza surveillance in humans. <a href=\\\"https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/90443/E92738.pdf\\\">https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/90443/E92738.pdf</a> </li><li>Jernigan DB, Kargacin L, Poole A, Kobayashi J. Sentinel surveillance as an alternative approach for monitoring antibiotic resistant invasive pneumococcal disease in Washington state. Am J Public Health. 2001;91(1):142-145. doi: 10.2105/ajph.91.1.142 </li><li>Smith GE, Elliot AJ, Lake I, et. al. Syndromic surveillance: two decades experience of sustainable systems — its people not just data! Epidemiol Infect. 2019;147: e101. doi: 10.1017/S0950268819000074 </li><li>Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services (CMS). Infection control breaches which warrant referral to public health authorities. May 30, 2014. Revised October 28, 2016. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter-14-36.pdf\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter-14-36.pdf</a></li><li>Bagchi S, Watkins J, Pollock DA, Edwards JR, Allen-Bridson K. State health department validations of central line-associated bloodstream infection events reported via the National Healthcare Safety Network. Am J Infect Control. 2018;46(11):1290-1295. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2018.04.233 </li><li>Backman LA, Nobert G, Melchreit R, Fekieta R, Dembry LM. Validation of the surveillance and reporting of central line–associated bloodstream infection denominator data. Am J Infect Control. 2014;42(1):28-33. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2013.06.014 </li><li>Vannice K, Benoliel E, Kauber K. 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Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019;40(6):621-626. doi: 10.1017/ice.2019.60 </li><li>Nanduri SA, Metcalf BJ, Arwady MA, et al. Prolonged and large outbreak of invasive group A Streptococcus disease within a nursing home: repeated intrafacility transmission of a single strain. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2019;25(2):248.e1-248 .e7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.04.034 </li><li>Peña SA, Davis SS, Lu X, et al. Severe respiratory illness associated with human metapneumovirus in nursing home, New Mexico, USA. Emerg Infect Dis. 2019; 25(2):383-384. doi: 10.3201/eid2502.181298</li><li>Epson EE, Pisney LM, Wendt JM, et al. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae-producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase at an acute care hospital, Colorado, 2012. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2014;35(4):390-397. doi: 10.1086/675607 </li><li>David S, Reuter S, Harris SR, et al. Epidemic of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in Europe is driven by nosocomial spread. Nature Microbiol. 2019;4(11):1919-1929. doi: 10.1038/s41564-019-0492-8 </li><li>Vallabhaneni S, Kallen A, Tsay S, et al. Investigation of the first seven reported cases of Candida auris, a globally emerging invasive, multidrug-resistant fungus ─ United States, May 2013-August 2016. Am J Transplant. 2017;17(1):296-299. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14121</li><li>Novosad SA, Lake J, Nguyen D, et al. Multicenter outbreak of Gram-negative bloodstream infections in hemodialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 2019;74(5):610-619. doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2019.05.012 </li><li>Kutty PK, Forster TS, Wood-Koob C, et al. Multistate outbreak of toxic anterior segment syndrome, 2005. J Cataract Refract Surg. 2008;34(4):585-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrs.2007.11.037 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Toxic anterior segment syndrome after cataract surgery ─ Maine, 2006. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56(25):629-630. </li><li>Martone WJ, Williams WW, Mortensen ML, et al. Illness with fatalities in premature infants: association with an intravenous vitamin E preparation, E-Ferol. Pediatrics. 1986;78(4):591-600. </li><li>Burwen DR, Olsen SM, Bland LA, Arduino MJ, Reid MH, Jarvis WR. Epidemic aluminum intoxication in hemodialysis patients traced to use of an aluminum pump. Kidney Int. 1995;48(2):469-74. doi: 10.1038/ki.1995.315 </li><li>Pearson ML, Levine WC, Finton RJ, et al. Anesthesia-associated carbon monoxide exposures among surgical patients. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2001;22(6):352-326. doi: 10.1086/501912 </li><li>OYong K, Coelho L, Bancroft E, Terashita D. Health care-associated infection outbreak investigations in outpatient settings, Los Angeles County, California, USA, 2000-2012. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015;21(8):1317-1321. doi: 10.3201/eid2108.141251 </li><li>Cheng VCC, Chen JHK, Wong SCY, et al. Hospital outbreak of pulmonary and cutaneous zygomycosis due to contaminated linen items from substandard laundry. Clin Infect Dis. 2016;62(6):714-721. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ1006 </li><li>Alroy-Preis S, Daly ER, Adamski C, et al. Large outbreak of Hepatitis C virus associated with drug diversion by a healthcare technician. Clin Infect Dis. 2018;67(6):845-853. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciy193 </li><li>Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et al. Fungal infections associated with contaminated methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23): 2194-2203. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1212972 </li><li>Mikosz CA, Smith RM, Kim M, et al. Fungal endophthalmitis associated with compounded products. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(2):248-256. doi: 10.3201/eid2002.131257</li><li>Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et al. Invasive Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among cardiothoracic surgical patients exposed to heater-cooler devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5): 796-805. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161899 </li><li>van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, et al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017;17(10):1033-1041. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30324-9 </li><li>Kracalik I, Ham C, Smith AR, et al. Notes from the Field: Verona Integron-encoded metallo-betalactamase–producing carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in U.S. residents associated with invasive medical procedures in Mexico, 2015–2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(20):463-464. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6820a4</li></ol>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:24:26','2024-06-06 17:24:26','b7ecd389-78d2-4870-b0a3-0389c9654e71'),(27299,27299,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:24:28','2024-06-06 17:24:28','2d5de680-256f-4383-9a44-55f72bf0042d'),(27300,27300,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:24:28','2024-06-06 17:24:28','81e003b4-b2e5-4f26-af8a-b8bb4c368c65'),(27301,27301,1,NULL,'__temp_savwcesdclygunxiwansxqcmypmtjyfemarz',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). HAI Data. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/data/index.html</a>  </li><li>Siegel JD, Rinehart E, Jackson M, Chiarello L. Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee. 2007 Guideline for isolation precautions: preventing transmission of infectious agents in healthcare settings. 2007. Last update July 2019. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/isolation/index.html</a></li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a>  </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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Quality, safety &amp; oversight — certification &amp; compliance. <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/CertificationandComplianc\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/CertificationandComplianc</a> </li><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Glossary. <a href=\\\"https://www.medicare.gov/glossary\\\">https://www.medicare.gov/glossary</a> </li><li>McDermott KW, Elixhauser A, Sun R. Trends in hospital inpatient stays in the United States, 2005-2014. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). 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MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2019;68(20):463-464. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6820a4</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:24:28','2024-06-06 17:24:28','28e62d8f-530d-4bfe-a07f-0fd30760652f'),(27309,27309,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 4 Outbreak Detection and Reporting',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:26:31','2024-06-06 17:26:31','4df6cd48-8802-46c6-b16d-8d45321afe5d'),(27311,27311,1,NULL,'__temp_ejlhymvsiwfdbdpybzmlypzagwmjdzrlyawl',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Detection and reporting provide the foundation for a healthcare outbreak response, triggering activities aimed at assessing the situation, implementing control measures, and halting disease transmission.</p><p>In Chapter 4, Outbreak Detection &amp; Reporting, we examine the two primary pathways for recognizing potential outbreaks, detection via reports and through use of surveillance data. Definitions of sentinel cases, clusters, and outbreaks are described. </p><p>The section on direct reporting of outbreaks includes information on reporting within a healthcare facility and reporting to public health, entities that can report to public health, and types of events that may be reported. This is followed by an overview of the use of routine surveillance systems for cluster and outbreak detection. Strengths and limitations, key determinants of successful detection, and model practices are described for both types of detection methods. </p><p><a>The </a>chapter concludes with some considerations for detecting and reporting multifacility and multijurisdictional outbreaks, a topic that is unpacked further in Supplement B, Infection Control Breach Investigations.</p><p> </p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:27:01','2024-06-06 17:28:05','d3c46a13-2080-4154-845d-13b53e318641'),(27316,27316,1,NULL,'__temp_pudrwknbpsrwauqnsebmaqrzcllkjxranhqo',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 3, 2022.  </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:28:44','2024-06-06 17:32:50','c0e66f0b-4ea3-4de8-b7f8-bdd0daa68be4'),(27318,27318,1,NULL,'__temp_xgecqbyusmbfxftdmrqlywwmlfteykhruvpa',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Center for Clinical Standards and<br />Quality/Survey &amp; Certification Group. Infection control breaches which warrant referral to public<br />health authorities. May 30, 2014. 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Poster (Board 183) presentation at: International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases; Aug 2018; Atlanta, Georgia. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/iceid/docs/ICEID-2018-%20program-book-P.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/iceid/docs/ICEID-2018- program-book-P.pdf</a></li><li>Leclère B, Buckeridge DL, Boëlle P-Y, Astagneau P, Lepelletier D. Automated detection of hospital outbreaks: a systematic review of methods. PLoS One. 2017;12(4):e0176438. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176438</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). U.S. &amp; Global Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Networks. How to participate: lab testing. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/laboratories/AR-lab-network-testing-details.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/laboratories/AR-lab-network-testing-details.html</a></li><li>Mikosz CA, Smith RM, Kim M, Tyson C, Lee EH, Adams E, et al. Fungal endophthalmitis associated with compounded products. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(2):248-256. doi: 10.3201/eid2002.131257</li><li>Dolan SA, Littlehorn C, Glodé MP, et al. Association of Bacillus cereus infection with contaminated alcohol prep pads. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012;33(7):666-671. doi: 10.1086/666334</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:29:44','2024-06-06 17:32:50','7a0e41e6-6b40-43d9-b2b4-ec06c88e5656'),(27319,27319,1,'4 - Outbreak Detection & Reporting','outbreak-detection-reporting','chapters/outbreak-detection-reporting','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 4, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Four\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','9749b84f-7395-4d64-aad0-5ae6daa91c35'),(27320,27320,1,NULL,'__temp_sbffsqdgxhoiqpfnkwlvaejfemjerfdbucfy',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn how potential outbreaks are identified and get practical advice for improving detection and reporting.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','099adf1c-1d65-4655-9be8-6deb1fd67e8a'),(27321,27321,1,NULL,'__temp_veigxaeeaunmjzmmdszwqbvriyscwqybsosi',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','71a48d2c-c4af-4c19-86c4-5b07ffe8d87e'),(27322,27322,1,NULL,'__temp_mneazqsuizqbjlgxkrvlwgqpsgjyoacovuyp',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','a79e7daa-f86c-448a-9483-90022ea28039'),(27323,27323,1,NULL,'__temp_outrsyditlzibngravyvcffxfjaizofflofv',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','b80a1f71-44f0-409f-9034-2d746b962475'),(27324,27324,1,NULL,'__temp_pkbeddfzuapjyzuwppbxcbdstatuvfkxcxzo',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','22be9a07-59b9-44d7-b2d8-59b69722fd5a'),(27325,27325,1,NULL,'__temp_caexalvkglrdbsiwjwopyklapwykzzqnxpko',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','28fccc06-1997-4a2d-ab76-333c00795d37'),(27326,27326,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','96ade574-f583-4442-a17e-b89fcbf611e0'),(27327,27327,1,NULL,'__temp_ejlhymvsiwfdbdpybzmlypzagwmjdzrlyawl',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Detection and reporting provide the foundation for a healthcare outbreak response, triggering activities aimed at assessing the situation, implementing control measures, and halting disease transmission.</p><p>In Chapter 4, Outbreak Detection &amp; Reporting, we examine the two primary pathways for recognizing potential outbreaks, detection via reports and through use of surveillance data. Definitions of sentinel cases, clusters, and outbreaks are described. </p><p>The section on direct reporting of outbreaks includes information on reporting within a healthcare facility and reporting to public health, entities that can report to public health, and types of events that may be reported. This is followed by an overview of the use of routine surveillance systems for cluster and outbreak detection. Strengths and limitations, key determinants of successful detection, and model practices are described for both types of detection methods. </p><p><a>The </a>chapter concludes with some considerations for detecting and reporting multifacility and multijurisdictional outbreaks, a topic that is unpacked further in Supplement B, Infection Control Breach Investigations.</p><p> </p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','57eb238e-6e1a-4bd7-81e7-80e8adc919a3'),(27328,27328,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','8e691d71-3543-42bc-a9b4-76459da1ac6b'),(27329,27329,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','39ce923f-89ac-4119-ad35-f5bb72351ade'),(27330,27330,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:51','2024-06-06 17:32:51','473b60cf-3998-4651-be4f-795d21ffe9fd'),(27331,27331,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:52','2024-06-06 17:32:52','d9a9d202-9644-4c26-b992-4406cacd7953'),(27332,27332,1,NULL,'__temp_pudrwknbpsrwauqnsebmaqrzcllkjxranhqo',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 3, 2022.  </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:52','2024-06-06 17:32:52','e7c90358-962f-45fc-a197-028ec1d6ffe0'),(27333,27333,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:52','2024-06-06 17:32:52','8fb08c24-f250-4853-b6fa-a141fd77c5b8'),(27334,27334,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:52','2024-06-06 17:32:52','f09c6625-1565-4a18-8e13-62f7df65d501'),(27335,27335,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:32:52','2024-06-06 17:32:52','5dcd69be-677a-4ec9-8763-169c36e56bd5'),(27336,27336,1,NULL,'__temp_xgecqbyusmbfxftdmrqlywwmlfteykhruvpa',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), Center for Clinical Standards and<br />Quality/Survey &amp; Certification Group. Infection control breaches which warrant referral to public<br />health authorities. May 30, 2014. Revised October 28, 2016.<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter-14-36.pdf\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-andCertification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter-14-36.pdf</a></li><li>Christenson BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC<br />Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease<br />Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018:chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Principles of Epidemiology in Public Health<br />Practice: An Introduction to Applied Epidemiology and Biostatistics, 3rd Edition. October 2006.<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/index.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/csels/dsepd/ss1978/index.html</a></li><li>Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et al. Invasive nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among<br />cardiothoracic surgical patients exposed to heater–cooler devices. Emerg Infect Dis.<br />2017;23(5):796–805. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161899</li><li>Navon L, Clegg WJ, Morgan J, et al. Notes from the field: investigation of Elizabethkingia<br />anophelis cluster — Illinois, 2014–2016. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65(48):1380–<br />1381. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6548a6</li><li>Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et al. Fungal infections associated with contaminated<br />methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(23): 2194–2203. doi:<br />10.1056/NEJMoa1212972</li><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak response capacity assessments and<br />improvements among public health department health care-associated infection programs—<br />United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022;28(2):116-125. doi:<br />10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148</li><li>Lee TB, Montgomery OG, Marx J, Olmsted RN, Scheckler WE. Recommended practices for<br />surveillance: Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), Inc. Am<br />J Infect Control. 2007;35(7):427-440. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2007.07.002</li><li>Greene LR, Cain TA, Khoury R, Krystofiak SP, Patrick M, Streed S. APIC Position Paper: The<br />importance of surveillance technologies in the prevention of healthcare-associated infections<br />(HAIs). Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC). May 29, 2009.<br /><a href=\\\"http://www.apic.org/Resource_/TinyMceFileManager/AdvocacyPDFs/Surveillance_Technologies_position_paper_2009-5_29_09.pdf\\\">http://www.apic.org/Resource_/TinyMceFileManager/AdvocacyPDFs/Surveillance_Technologies_position_paper_2009-5_29_09.pdf</a></li><li>. Natale A, Stelling J, Meledandri M, Messenger LA, D\'Ancona F. Use of WHONET-SaTScan system for simulated real-time detection of antimicrobial resistance clusters in a hospital in Italy, 2012 to 2014. Euro Surveill. 2017;22(11):30484. doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.11.30484 </li><li>Bamberg W, Kainer M, Bryan N, Anderson M. Assessment of HAI/AR outbreak detection data, tools, and barriers. Poster (Board 183) presentation at: International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases; Aug 2018; Atlanta, Georgia. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/iceid/docs/ICEID-2018-%20program-book-P.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/iceid/docs/ICEID-2018- program-book-P.pdf</a></li><li>Leclère B, Buckeridge DL, Boëlle P-Y, Astagneau P, Lepelletier D. Automated detection of hospital outbreaks: a systematic review of methods. PLoS One. 2017;12(4):e0176438. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0176438</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). U.S. &amp; Global Antimicrobial Resistance Laboratory Networks. How to participate: lab testing. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/laboratories/AR-lab-network-testing-details.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/laboratories/AR-lab-network-testing-details.html</a></li><li>Mikosz CA, Smith RM, Kim M, Tyson C, Lee EH, Adams E, et al. Fungal endophthalmitis associated with compounded products. Emerg Infect Dis. 2014;20(2):248-256. doi: 10.3201/eid2002.131257</li><li>Dolan SA, Littlehorn C, Glodé MP, et al. Association of Bacillus cereus infection with contaminated alcohol prep pads. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012;33(7):666-671. doi: 10.1086/666334</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:32:52','2024-06-06 17:32:52','e4bb72b6-5804-4c22-99eb-d8c42133469c'),(27340,27340,1,'4 - Outbreak Detection & Reporting','outbreak-detection-reporting','chapters/outbreak-detection-reporting','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 4, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Four\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:34:22','2024-06-06 17:34:22','ec91c439-6766-415b-af7a-f5bd98fe350a'),(27341,27341,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:34:22','2024-06-06 17:34:22','1ae1bc41-9a23-4073-b9b3-ea12642a83a1'),(27342,27342,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:34:22','2024-06-06 17:34:22','59788f72-7cad-42d8-9dcb-d1fe711230cb'),(27345,27345,1,NULL,'__temp_zyvdrlbtqetfxhlqcukncmrshnzkzvmzocda',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in the document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:34:31','2024-06-06 17:35:00','fd44af01-0b1c-4e6a-b6c6-faed1005ad8b'),(27346,27346,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:00','2024-06-06 17:35:00','7648a88a-0c7f-42f0-9c48-3d85cce25c66'),(27347,27347,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:35:01','2024-06-06 17:35:01','c64eb705-1370-45f0-a28c-c302382320fd'),(27348,27348,1,NULL,'__temp_zyvdrlbtqetfxhlqcukncmrshnzkzvmzocda',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in the document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:01','2024-06-06 17:35:01','a96ef332-426f-4817-b0ee-5df2974d10f3'),(27351,27351,1,NULL,'__temp_hunguguacjbklrykexrwkypehaxvdvostgil',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022 </li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 6, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:11','2024-06-06 17:35:14','8f7f3727-ab73-4458-bbc2-2218d7239479'),(27352,27352,1,'3 - Planning & Preparation','planning-preparation','chapters/planning-preparation','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Planning & Preparation\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 3, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Three\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:14','2024-06-06 17:35:14','7b472337-016d-4958-ad3e-f97c928c934d'),(27353,27353,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:35:15','2024-06-06 17:35:15','2f4483b2-b618-4439-b531-b0052beae2ec'),(27354,27354,1,NULL,'__temp_hunguguacjbklrykexrwkypehaxvdvostgil',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022 </li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 6, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:15','2024-06-06 17:35:15','094ab6ee-aa6e-42fe-8964-0ffff20e4971'),(27357,27357,1,NULL,'__temp_xolszmsyzjbyrhayzgedgrzvaflbdemscyru',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:25','2024-06-06 17:35:30','1b679332-47a8-409b-b296-4a1303eb8582'),(27358,27358,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:31','2024-06-06 17:35:31','eeb88b59-7593-424f-aa43-8b4335ec557f'),(27359,27359,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:35:31','2024-06-06 17:35:31','f474e031-e716-4713-9575-216130f46d68'),(27360,27360,1,NULL,'__temp_xolszmsyzjbyrhayzgedgrzvaflbdemscyru',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:35:31','2024-06-06 17:35:31','5a296f42-355b-4bfa-b56d-df025544d7c4'),(27363,27363,1,NULL,'__temp_iogutgvjxnoaalzsksyfkmqzoaglbzflvpmp',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Collaboration between public health and healthcare is essential for an effective outbreak response. While healthcare settings are responsible for disease prevention and infection control practices on their premises, public health officials are generally responsible for ensuring the health and safety of the entire population within their jurisdiction, including patients, visitors, and employees in healthcare settings. </p><p>In Chapter 5, Investigation &amp; Control, we review the key elements and steps involved in the investigation and control of outbreaks involving HAIs and AR pathogens. During an outbreak investigation, a systematic approach is necessary to determine the nature and scope of the problem, identify the etiologic agent, establish the existence of an outbreak, define the population at risk, determine risk factors and routes of transmission, implement appropriate control measures, and develop strategies to prevent future occurrences. </p><p>The chapter is arranged to follow steps typically followed in an outbreak investigation, recognizing that such steps may indeed not occur in linear order and will depend on the precise nature and needs of the response. The chapter also reviews the goals of a healthcare outbreak investigation and includes collections of resources to support and improve HAI/AR outbreak response.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:36:07','2024-06-06 17:36:07','0cfece1b-022c-4b78-859f-73536551ab30'),(27373,27373,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 5 Investigation and Control',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:37:34','2024-06-06 17:37:34','1ec642e5-a8e6-4262-ae5d-1229e04be537'),(27375,27375,1,NULL,'__temp_pyjhyceldewdqtxzzffxacohpikncvnnocos',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 10, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:37:56','2024-06-06 17:40:04','9fe918ee-2625-4e6a-86d3-3882bdb912fe'),(27379,27379,1,NULL,'__temp_cgllxxdqhrltfzebkyffaruqvaxocakfshjr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak Response Capacity Assessments and Improvements Among Public Health Department Health Care–Associated Infection Programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022;28(2):116-125. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148 </li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018: chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a> </li><li>Lyman MM, Grigg C, Bicking Kinsey C, et al. Invasive nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among cardiothoracic surgical patients exposed to heater–cooler devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5):796-805. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161899 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs): Contaminated heater-cooler devices. <a href=\\\"http://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html\\\">http://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html</a> </li><li>Banach DB, Johnston BL, Al-Zubeidi D, et. al. Outbreak response and incident management: SHEA guidance and resources for healthcare epidemiologists in United States acute-care hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2017;38(12):1393-1419. doi: 10.1017/ice.2017.212 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Epidemic Intelligence Service: Urgent Assistance (Epi-Aids). Available at: <a href=\\\"/www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html\\\">http:/www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html </a></li><li>Ostrowsky BE, Weil LM, Olaisen RH et al. Real-time virtual infection prevention and control assessments in skilled nursing homes, New York, March 2020-A pilot project. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022;43(3):351-357. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.100 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tap Water Quality and Infrastructure Discussion Guide for Investigation of Potential Water-Associated Infections in Healthcare Facilities. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/Water-Quality-Discussion-Guide-P.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/Water-Quality-Discussion-Guide-P.pdf</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Targeted Environmental Investigation Checklist for Outbreaks of Invasive Infections Caused by Environmental Fungi (i.e., Aspergillus, Mucormycetes). <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/pdf/targeted-environmental-investigationchecklist-508.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/pdf/targeted-environmental-investigationchecklist-508.pdf</a> </li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:38:28','2024-06-06 17:40:04','dfe9e610-87ef-475f-8cdc-0f7fbe379215'),(27380,27380,1,'5 - Investigation & Control','investigation-control','chapters/investigation-control','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Investigation & Control\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 5, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Five\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','be8815b5-93d6-485d-b496-e3dbce78bb16'),(27381,27381,1,NULL,'__temp_mehmpepcjrsjyyglqprknrzwwvbsbfmkqopo',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about the key steps involved in responding to –and stopping– HAI/AR outbreaks.</i></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','10bf7860-7f4f-45ae-9dd2-ab4e2fc54e0d'),(27382,27382,1,NULL,'__temp_mzcxsdcurlsubaijutjocdsitrgfjndvrfql',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','ecb24e28-cb9d-470f-999d-c110c4db355a'),(27383,27383,1,NULL,'__temp_zrogmjthtetkdijtnjpnutgxghkggvohapus',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','71bf63e7-be48-4a13-9b2e-6b9964ab85ac'),(27384,27384,1,NULL,'__temp_urvafbransuxsslvqnpynqvlbeddwmkqwmlf',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','976b7999-ad85-4ced-89b1-7a5bb9be0b41'),(27385,27385,1,NULL,'__temp_ulzlttcdjydjzaitdvlvudjehjnekwpeobwu',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','e0abe78f-c4e7-4eca-bf1d-a353974e5cd8'),(27386,27386,1,NULL,'__temp_qmhpjtjbiqfmycithzulkzgwcpwrozofywjo',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:06','2024-06-06 17:40:06','0b80c154-5566-4157-9f6f-665b7f47ae1f'),(27387,27387,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','fecd4731-568a-4647-ac4c-003b5741897c'),(27388,27388,1,NULL,'__temp_iogutgvjxnoaalzsksyfkmqzoaglbzflvpmp',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Collaboration between public health and healthcare is essential for an effective outbreak response. While healthcare settings are responsible for disease prevention and infection control practices on their premises, public health officials are generally responsible for ensuring the health and safety of the entire population within their jurisdiction, including patients, visitors, and employees in healthcare settings. </p><p>In Chapter 5, Investigation &amp; Control, we review the key elements and steps involved in the investigation and control of outbreaks involving HAIs and AR pathogens. During an outbreak investigation, a systematic approach is necessary to determine the nature and scope of the problem, identify the etiologic agent, establish the existence of an outbreak, define the population at risk, determine risk factors and routes of transmission, implement appropriate control measures, and develop strategies to prevent future occurrences. </p><p>The chapter is arranged to follow steps typically followed in an outbreak investigation, recognizing that such steps may indeed not occur in linear order and will depend on the precise nature and needs of the response. The chapter also reviews the goals of a healthcare outbreak investigation and includes collections of resources to support and improve HAI/AR outbreak response.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','f525cbcc-89c3-493e-89dc-aa35db8bfc89'),(27389,27389,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','a8a135a1-2146-4aad-9194-8ba60cb8a3fb'),(27390,27390,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','3907d643-6bf0-48f6-92d8-31aa334b0075'),(27391,27391,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','b6c74b3e-a6ed-4680-8c3d-cb4b8e7023d7'),(27392,27392,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','691ed1a9-f4e7-41f5-8e7d-46db1d1a39e4'),(27393,27393,1,NULL,'__temp_pyjhyceldewdqtxzzffxacohpikncvnnocos',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 10, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','7885f437-f8cb-4ce0-a1c7-083e8ec01c42'),(27394,27394,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','ca2a1beb-5e53-4559-be1d-02053cd1655e'),(27395,27395,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','7a5d3bf4-7852-443d-a5ee-4ca98c35327a'),(27396,27396,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','03ae45fb-13e1-4547-bd53-e10caaa8c80b'),(27397,27397,1,NULL,'__temp_cgllxxdqhrltfzebkyffaruqvaxocakfshjr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Franklin SM, Crist MB, Perkins KM, Perz JF. Outbreak Response Capacity Assessments and Improvements Among Public Health Department Health Care–Associated Infection Programs— United States, 2015-2017. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2022;28(2):116-125. doi: 10.1097/PHH.0000000000001148 </li><li>Christensen BE, Fagan RP. Healthcare Settings. In: Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA, eds. The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. US Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); 2018: chap 18. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epimanual/chapters/Healthcare-Settings.html</a> </li><li>Lyman MM, Grigg C, Bicking Kinsey C, et al. Invasive nontuberculous mycobacterial infections among cardiothoracic surgical patients exposed to heater–cooler devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017;23(5):796-805. doi: 10.3201/eid2305.161899 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Healthcare-associated Infections (HAIs): Contaminated heater-cooler devices. <a href=\\\"http://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html\\\">http://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html</a> </li><li>Banach DB, Johnston BL, Al-Zubeidi D, et. al. Outbreak response and incident management: SHEA guidance and resources for healthcare epidemiologists in United States acute-care hospitals. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2017;38(12):1393-1419. doi: 10.1017/ice.2017.212 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Epidemic Intelligence Service: Urgent Assistance (Epi-Aids). Available at: <a href=\\\"/www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html\\\">http:/www.cdc.gov/eis/request-services/epiaids.html </a></li><li>Ostrowsky BE, Weil LM, Olaisen RH et al. Real-time virtual infection prevention and control assessments in skilled nursing homes, New York, March 2020-A pilot project. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2022;43(3):351-357. doi: 10.1017/ice.2021.100 </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Tap Water Quality and Infrastructure Discussion Guide for Investigation of Potential Water-Associated Infections in Healthcare Facilities. <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/Water-Quality-Discussion-Guide-P.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/HAI/pdfs/Water-Quality-Discussion-Guide-P.pdf</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Targeted Environmental Investigation Checklist for Outbreaks of Invasive Infections Caused by Environmental Fungi (i.e., Aspergillus, Mucormycetes). <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/pdf/targeted-environmental-investigationchecklist-508.pdf\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/fungal/pdf/targeted-environmental-investigationchecklist-508.pdf</a> </li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:40:07','2024-06-06 17:40:07','1c8f20fa-2289-496c-bb81-e2e6313608db'),(27400,27400,1,'5 - Investigation & Control','investigation-control','chapters/investigation-control','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Investigation & Control\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 5, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Five\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:41:26','2024-06-06 17:41:26','671a3d16-b095-406c-be5f-17afe5681af2'),(27401,27401,1,NULL,'__temp_mehmpepcjrsjyyglqprknrzwwvbsbfmkqopo',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about the key steps involved in responding to –and stopping– HAI/AR outbreaks.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Investigation & Control\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:41:27','2024-06-06 17:41:27','5520da4d-f45d-469b-812c-98b8e7433f48'),(27409,27409,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 6 Laboratory Best Practices',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:42:47','2024-06-06 17:42:47','2865ad71-e49f-4914-b037-d9c884702c43'),(27411,27411,1,NULL,'__temp_iecllgqrnjtviqqybjiztlubvccwtgbcgyno',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Technological advances and increased interconnectivity among laboratory partners are helping generate data to detect and respond to outbreaks more quickly and more effectively. </p><p>In Chapter 6, Laboratory Best Practices, we expand on the basic concepts presented in previous chapters to highlight the roles and contributions of laboratory partners. This chapter further develops concepts, explanations, and processes, while adding examples and emphasizing best practices.</p><p>This chapter begins with an overview of the various types of laboratories and their roles. Public health laboratories are well positioned for the early recognition of sentinel cases (those involving unusual pathogens or resistance patterns) or clusters of related illness. Many aspects of healthcare outbreak response benefit from active collaboration and coordination between public health laboratories and other types of laboratories, public health agencies, and healthcare partners. </p><p>The chapter continues with descriptions of laboratory functions that support outbreak response and the importance of reliable and clearly communicated data. Specific to laboratorians, we also address safety practices to be followed when working with AR pathogens and the validation of AR and HAI test methods.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:43:21','2024-06-06 17:43:21','ce030150-90fa-4e05-968c-6d0229118e77'),(27416,27416,1,NULL,'__temp_yekokqivoxgrmnshcnbqrgbgyvduqdhtvdvp',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published June 2023</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of June 1, 2023. </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:43:52','2024-06-06 17:46:55','d2b8bd8c-f8b4-4fc2-9e85-192abd6f6921'),(27420,27420,1,NULL,'__temp_yvaywfytvitunanhfktnvwljjeqjmmmshesn',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). About the AR Lab Network. Centers for<br />Disease Control and Prevention. 2023 Feb. Available from:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/ar-lab-networks/domestic.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/ar-lab-networks/domestic.html</a>. </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). National Healthcare Safety Network. Centers<br />for Disease Control and Prevention. 2023 March. Available from:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/index.html.</a></li><li>Tindall BJ, Sutton G, Garrity GM. Enterobacter aerogenes Hormaeche and Edwards 1960<br />(Approved Lists 1980) and Klebsiella mobilis Bascomb et al. 1971 (Approved Lists 1980) share<br />the same nomenclatural type (ATCC 13048) on the Approved Lists and are homotypic synonyms,<br />with consequences for the name Klebsiella mobilis Bascomb et al. 1971 (Approved Lists 1980).<br />Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2017;67(2):502–4.</li><li>American Society for Microbiology. Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test Protocol. 2009<br />December. Available from:<a href=\\\"https://asm.org/getattachment/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-%200657aa9185ad/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf\\\"> https://asm.org/getattachment/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-</a><br /><a href=\\\"https://asm.org/getattachment/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-%200657aa9185ad/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf\\\">0657aa9185ad/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf</a>.</li><li>Clinical &amp; Laboratory Standards Institute. AST News Update June 2022: Updating Breakpoints–<br />New Developments from CAP. Available from: <a href=\\\"https://clsi.org/about/blog/ast-news-updatejune-2022-updating-breakpoints-new-developments-from-cap/.\\\">https://clsi.org/about/blog/ast-news-updatejune-2022-updating-breakpoints-new-developments-from-cap/.</a></li><li>Prussing C, Canulla T, Singh N, McAuley P, Gosciminski M, King E, et al. Characterization of the<br />First Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolate Harboring blaSIM-1 from<br />the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Sep 17;65(10):e0106621. </li><li>Reller LB, Weinstein M, Jorgensen JH, Ferraro MJ. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Review of General Principles and Contemporary Practices. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Dec 1;49(11):1749–55. </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2019. 2019 November. Available from: <a href=\\\"https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/82532\\\">https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/82532</a>. </li><li>Clinical &amp; Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 32nd ed. CLSI supplement M100. 2022. </li><li>Association of Public Health Laboratories. Best Practice Guidance: Specimen and SpecimenProduct Storage and Retention. 2016 February. Accessed at: <a href=\\\"https://www.aphl.org/aboutAPHL/publications/Documents/ID_Specimen_Storage_0216.pdf.\\\">https://www.aphl.org/aboutAPHL/publications/Documents/ID_Specimen_Storage_0216.pdf.</a> </li><li>Sehulster L, Rose L, Noble-Wang J. Chapter 72: Microbiologic Sampling of the Environment in Healthcare Facilities. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control. Edited by C. Mayhall, 4th Edition, Wolters Kluwer Health, 2012, pp. 1059-75.</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:44:28','2024-06-06 17:46:55','fae5f6af-37a5-481a-87e6-7489f00c168c'),(27421,27421,1,'6 - Laboratory Best Practices','laboratory-best-practices','chapters/laboratory-best-practices','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Laboratory Best Practices\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 6, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Six\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','b246cca9-97ef-46e5-ab53-7757781d6d01'),(27422,27422,1,NULL,'__temp_ggyfxiqvqoprkyfmzlvrexqibphlwhgsiqwg',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn how laboratory partners contribute to healthcare outbreak response, providing key information to help initiate and guide investigations.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Laboratory Best Practices\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','6259d8cd-667e-4796-8afc-645d914593f7'),(27423,27423,1,NULL,'__temp_cyxxkhgwehnkndsenhqeeoiebnscxvfsxezi',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','259fd7ad-e942-4102-966c-7e36c9e3bd03'),(27424,27424,1,NULL,'__temp_lisqvxrsyksdhinmuhbfjohtrsjfkpfafvfn',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','85d79c57-cab0-4c53-a931-c6f795d2b737'),(27425,27425,1,NULL,'__temp_pzphsoafjjfmbcikydrqpvyfjmpvlrihzicn',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','2cc30eab-809d-4557-8eb3-5d1b0746d0ca'),(27426,27426,1,NULL,'__temp_cbkkjecasdaeumsleftbhuqabkfqmrwbuhvt',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2023-06-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','aa8707bb-29d6-4f59-b97b-ad0f403b2a35'),(27427,27427,1,NULL,'__temp_ujedsbprmqhskqewryguhjmigoncyejwhexj',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','f2c3732c-afa4-4f59-ac0c-79d8201f434d'),(27428,27428,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','6598fd06-8ac2-48e4-95f8-47fc79f80151'),(27429,27429,1,NULL,'__temp_iecllgqrnjtviqqybjiztlubvccwtgbcgyno',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Technological advances and increased interconnectivity among laboratory partners are helping generate data to detect and respond to outbreaks more quickly and more effectively. </p><p>In Chapter 6, Laboratory Best Practices, we expand on the basic concepts presented in previous chapters to highlight the roles and contributions of laboratory partners. This chapter further develops concepts, explanations, and processes, while adding examples and emphasizing best practices.</p><p>This chapter begins with an overview of the various types of laboratories and their roles. Public health laboratories are well positioned for the early recognition of sentinel cases (those involving unusual pathogens or resistance patterns) or clusters of related illness. Many aspects of healthcare outbreak response benefit from active collaboration and coordination between public health laboratories and other types of laboratories, public health agencies, and healthcare partners. </p><p>The chapter continues with descriptions of laboratory functions that support outbreak response and the importance of reliable and clearly communicated data. Specific to laboratorians, we also address safety practices to be followed when working with AR pathogens and the validation of AR and HAI test methods.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:57','2024-06-06 17:46:57','3768105c-2594-4558-a931-b931bf869e6a'),(27430,27430,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','b4eb5d26-8985-4c96-ba5c-1724b53c0fa7'),(27431,27431,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','313a9fd9-0897-4995-884b-d4827ad14aa9'),(27432,27432,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','807a9955-32be-4c55-a7a2-c541e09aa0d9'),(27433,27433,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','b287b3af-dfb3-40d7-8ac3-e42e2d90aede'),(27434,27434,1,NULL,'__temp_yekokqivoxgrmnshcnbqrgbgyvduqdhtvdvp',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published June 2023</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of June 1, 2023. </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','c6d3cb18-96ca-4a10-b782-c9f3974cf546'),(27435,27435,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','71c3bdb7-4d19-4e54-ae09-afb1cf86ae1f'),(27436,27436,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','631d8d72-a773-45f6-84e9-19055cb5d043'),(27437,27437,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','7a3c239c-9005-431b-84e1-e89a8e7306d3'),(27438,27438,1,NULL,'__temp_yvaywfytvitunanhfktnvwljjeqjmmmshesn',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). About the AR Lab Network. Centers for<br />Disease Control and Prevention. 2023 Feb. Available from:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/ar-lab-networks/domestic.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/drugresistance/ar-lab-networks/domestic.html</a>. </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). National Healthcare Safety Network. Centers<br />for Disease Control and Prevention. 2023 March. Available from:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/nhsn/index.html.</a></li><li>Tindall BJ, Sutton G, Garrity GM. Enterobacter aerogenes Hormaeche and Edwards 1960<br />(Approved Lists 1980) and Klebsiella mobilis Bascomb et al. 1971 (Approved Lists 1980) share<br />the same nomenclatural type (ATCC 13048) on the Approved Lists and are homotypic synonyms,<br />with consequences for the name Klebsiella mobilis Bascomb et al. 1971 (Approved Lists 1980).<br />Int J Syst Evol Microbiol. 2017;67(2):502–4.</li><li>American Society for Microbiology. Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Test Protocol. 2009<br />December. Available from:<a href=\\\"https://asm.org/getattachment/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-%200657aa9185ad/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf\\\"> https://asm.org/getattachment/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-</a><br /><a href=\\\"https://asm.org/getattachment/2594ce26-bd44-47f6-8287-%200657aa9185ad/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf\\\">0657aa9185ad/Kirby-Bauer-Disk-Diffusion-Susceptibility-Test-Protocol-pdf.pdf</a>.</li><li>Clinical &amp; Laboratory Standards Institute. AST News Update June 2022: Updating Breakpoints–<br />New Developments from CAP. Available from: <a href=\\\"https://clsi.org/about/blog/ast-news-updatejune-2022-updating-breakpoints-new-developments-from-cap/.\\\">https://clsi.org/about/blog/ast-news-updatejune-2022-updating-breakpoints-new-developments-from-cap/.</a></li><li>Prussing C, Canulla T, Singh N, McAuley P, Gosciminski M, King E, et al. Characterization of the<br />First Carbapenem-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Clinical Isolate Harboring blaSIM-1 from<br />the United States. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2021 Sep 17;65(10):e0106621. </li><li>Reller LB, Weinstein M, Jorgensen JH, Ferraro MJ. Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing: A Review of General Principles and Contemporary Practices. Clin Infect Dis. 2009 Dec 1;49(11):1749–55. </li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.). Antibiotic resistance threats in the United States, 2019. 2019 November. Available from: <a href=\\\"https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/82532\\\">https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/82532</a>. </li><li>Clinical &amp; Laboratory Standards Institute. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. 32nd ed. CLSI supplement M100. 2022. </li><li>Association of Public Health Laboratories. Best Practice Guidance: Specimen and SpecimenProduct Storage and Retention. 2016 February. Accessed at: <a href=\\\"https://www.aphl.org/aboutAPHL/publications/Documents/ID_Specimen_Storage_0216.pdf.\\\">https://www.aphl.org/aboutAPHL/publications/Documents/ID_Specimen_Storage_0216.pdf.</a> </li><li>Sehulster L, Rose L, Noble-Wang J. Chapter 72: Microbiologic Sampling of the Environment in Healthcare Facilities. Hospital Epidemiology and Infection Control. Edited by C. Mayhall, 4th Edition, Wolters Kluwer Health, 2012, pp. 1059-75.</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:46:58','2024-06-06 17:46:58','67b1c746-29b7-45d1-aebd-92aacd334838'),(27447,27447,1,NULL,'__temp_ncxbbqimijnmsgrepwrakpxezzgpsemxuqcj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Compared with outbreaks affecting a single healthcare facility with responsibility for investigation falling squarely within the jurisdiction of a single local/state/federal agency, outbreaks involving multiple healthcare facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. </p><p>In Chapter 7, Multifacility and Multijurisdictional Outbreaks, we examine the unique aspects of these types of investigations. Compared with single facility outbreaks, those that involve multiple facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and are often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. As the numbers of involved facilities, agencies, and levels of organizations across jurisdictions increase, the need for special efforts to maintain effective communication and coordination increases as well.</p><p>This chapter contains information on: </p><ul><li><a>Examples scenarios investigators may encounter </a></li><li>Coordination and information sharing needs beginning with initial detection of a potential multifacility/multijurisdictional outbreak </li><li>Designation of a coordinating agency, assembly and management of a multidisciplinary outbreak response team, and regular assessment of the scope of the outbreak and the resources needed</li><li>Considerations for ramping down and concluding an interagency response</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:49:45','2024-06-06 17:50:18','95eec8e2-464f-41b8-97af-fc4875d4c013'),(27452,27452,1,NULL,'__temp_ayygttpdyeztxdmlamcapplduajwpkixahxq',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>This chapter is currently under review and will be available soon.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:50:43','2024-06-06 17:54:33','b9c5c706-ac7f-4bad-929e-e1ce3f83c1d9'),(27454,27454,1,NULL,'__temp_dehgbsmofjgbnbkbdkkndkcmllvzejcdtrij',NULL,'{\"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:51:15','2024-06-06 17:51:20','b070d00f-63c5-416a-824b-9a9f7901cbfa'),(27457,27457,1,'CORHA PP Chapter 8',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:52:18','2024-06-06 17:52:18','33583301-b385-4ad2-bb25-e0516796f981'),(27458,27458,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 1 Overview',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:52:27','2024-06-06 17:52:27','d1b51d91-6deb-4beb-a9f4-c6cf0db5c31a'),(27459,27459,1,'7 - Special Considerations for Multi-Facility & Multi-Jurisdiction Outbreaks','special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','chapters/special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Multifacility & Jurisdictional\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 7, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Seven\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','2d92d9c6-1fe3-47b5-adf9-e6b2ea96cc6f'),(27460,27460,1,NULL,'__temp_ausejupduxtxezbexaaizuccutjwolcsmqvy',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about the complexities and challenges when a healthcare outbreak involves more than one facility or local/state/federal jurisdiction.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Special Considerations for Multi-Facility & Multi-Jurisdiction Outbreaks\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','c98df639-840e-4919-baca-939553fc6dec'),(27461,27461,1,NULL,'__temp_mtjndlamwxqfzxalrlovxzbatescuphmoosm',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','c2d9aac4-32e6-4e9a-9b81-39a1d0babad5'),(27462,27462,1,NULL,'__temp_bweoyjhjwgxgbjzslmcqegumcwrqtyuydjky',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','53289187-cf2d-49cc-b816-368c6d154cc8'),(27463,27463,1,NULL,'__temp_zsjjizcpzydrswarnpnwxsgclzfhugszvega',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','87b54c41-f1cc-4e08-b389-7891ef1e279b'),(27464,27464,1,NULL,'__temp_xiynhoggqqbqadktrcrtbwphojhinxrnvsyh',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-06 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','a6d320ae-2056-4fc4-9a16-129f0e213738'),(27465,27465,1,NULL,'__temp_enwjwatphuhiplymgubssgdqybvpcbiwjffa',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','2042ed41-1cd7-4555-91d5-cb0aa1a38aff'),(27466,27466,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','a17e06bd-6347-407a-9118-9dedb55fe287'),(27467,27467,1,NULL,'__temp_ncxbbqimijnmsgrepwrakpxezzgpsemxuqcj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Compared with outbreaks affecting a single healthcare facility with responsibility for investigation falling squarely within the jurisdiction of a single local/state/federal agency, outbreaks involving multiple healthcare facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. </p><p>In Chapter 7, Multifacility and Multijurisdictional Outbreaks, we examine the unique aspects of these types of investigations. Compared with single facility outbreaks, those that involve multiple facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and are often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. As the numbers of involved facilities, agencies, and levels of organizations across jurisdictions increase, the need for special efforts to maintain effective communication and coordination increases as well.</p><p>This chapter contains information on: </p><ul><li><a>Examples scenarios investigators may encounter </a></li><li>Coordination and information sharing needs beginning with initial detection of a potential multifacility/multijurisdictional outbreak </li><li>Designation of a coordinating agency, assembly and management of a multidisciplinary outbreak response team, and regular assessment of the scope of the outbreak and the resources needed</li><li>Considerations for ramping down and concluding an interagency response</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','58996ebf-9a40-41cc-b11e-5494901d05db'),(27468,27468,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','fb2a90f9-d2b6-45fb-97ea-fc762420e3c1'),(27469,27469,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','a889c56e-7ec7-43c3-8a38-c0bfab41e871'),(27470,27470,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','6e6af4f6-4981-491e-aea4-53d333674795'),(27471,27471,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','b12aa40a-38d4-4982-9f47-5724a30b9600'),(27472,27472,1,NULL,'__temp_ayygttpdyeztxdmlamcapplduajwpkixahxq',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>This chapter is currently under review and will be available soon.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','714295d8-c121-407f-8a17-0a6c3d3d0cfe'),(27473,27473,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:35','2024-06-06 17:54:35','6825b274-cfff-46ed-9d97-229cfe2f61f3'),(27474,27474,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:36','2024-06-06 17:54:36','ad1a0125-9c41-4909-8495-9cae9c9a29e4'),(27475,27475,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:54:36','2024-06-06 17:54:36','341c7ad2-107a-401b-b331-70c0e9e6ba78'),(27476,27476,1,NULL,'__temp_dehgbsmofjgbnbkbdkkndkcmllvzejcdtrij',NULL,'{\"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:54:36','2024-06-06 17:54:36','49b99ccb-6c4d-4ad9-aa7b-52da804fca8f'),(27478,27478,1,'7 - Multifacility & Jurisdiction','special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','chapters/special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Multifacility & Jurisdiction\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 7, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Seven\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:55:00','2024-06-06 17:55:00','f14fae32-5569-44a8-b12b-366532f0ed25'),(27481,27481,1,NULL,'__temp_ncxbbqimijnmsgrepwrakpxezzgpsemxuqcj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Compared with outbreaks affecting a single healthcare facility with responsibility for investigation falling squarely within the jurisdiction of a single local/state/federal agency, outbreaks involving multiple healthcare facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. </p><p>In Chapter 7, Multi-Facility and Multi-Jurisdictional Outbreaks, we examine the unique aspects of these types of investigations. Compared with single facility outbreaks, those that involve multiple facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and are often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. As the numbers of involved facilities, agencies, and levels of organizations across jurisdictions increase, the need for special efforts to maintain effective communication and coordination increases as well.</p><p>This chapter contains information on: </p><ul><li><a>Examples scenarios investigators may encounter </a></li><li>Coordination and information sharing needs beginning with initial detection of a potential multi-facility/multi-jurisdictional outbreak </li><li>Designation of a coordinating agency, assembly and management of a multidisciplinary outbreak response team, and regular assessment of the scope of the outbreak and the resources needed</li><li>Considerations for ramping down and concluding an interagency response</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:57:14','2024-06-06 17:57:39','9a213434-951b-4800-a9af-94642a08fc14'),(27482,27482,1,'7 - Multi-Facility & Jurisdiction','special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','chapters/special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Multi-Facility & Jurisdiction\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 7, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Seven\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:57:57','2024-06-06 17:57:57','2a398fac-3b98-4c8c-aee9-235682234a7f'),(27483,27483,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 17:57:57','2024-06-06 17:57:57','9c5247a4-82e8-4f1f-b0f7-c39d9544771d'),(27484,27484,1,NULL,'__temp_ncxbbqimijnmsgrepwrakpxezzgpsemxuqcj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Compared with outbreaks affecting a single healthcare facility with responsibility for investigation falling squarely within the jurisdiction of a single local/state/federal agency, outbreaks involving multiple healthcare facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. </p><p>In Chapter 7, Multi-Facility and Multi-Jurisdictional Outbreaks, we examine the unique aspects of these types of investigations. Compared with single facility outbreaks, those that involve multiple facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and are often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. As the numbers of involved facilities, agencies, and levels of organizations across jurisdictions increase, the need for special efforts to maintain effective communication and coordination increases as well.</p><p>This chapter contains information on: </p><ul><li><a>Examples scenarios investigators may encounter </a></li><li>Coordination and information sharing needs beginning with initial detection of a potential multi-facility/multi-jurisdictional outbreak </li><li>Designation of a coordinating agency, assembly and management of a multidisciplinary outbreak response team, and regular assessment of the scope of the outbreak and the resources needed</li><li>Considerations for ramping down and concluding an interagency response</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:57:57','2024-06-06 17:57:57','2cbde5a5-d88b-4787-a51a-81487ef01309'),(27487,27487,1,NULL,'__temp_oxogdvnknqrmzywnnzodtbvrdpircggmcsbf',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>When patients are placed at risk as a result of an infection or disease outbreak in a healthcare setting, a serious infection control breach, or another situation that jeopardizes their health, they have a right to know what happened, the extent of their risk, and what they need to do. </p><p>In Chapter 8, Notification &amp; Communication, we describe “who, what, how, why, and when” for the notification of patients and other stakeholders, along with a detailed review of applicable risk communication principles and strategies. </p><p>This chapter contains information on:</p><ul><li>Patient stories and ethical considerations for notification</li><li>Notification of affected and exposed patients, stakeholders such as providers and healthcare facilities, and the general public both during and after an outbreak</li><li>Advice on managing effective communications as part of patient notification, including managing differences of opinion between public health agencies and healthcare facilities</li><li>Pointers for engaging the media, either proactively or reactively</li><li>Examples detailing notification procedures in outbreak situations involving (a) <i>Legionella</i> in a hospital setting and (b) antibiotic-resistant infections in a long-term care facility </li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 17:59:31','2024-06-06 17:59:52','e7c3eea2-ae79-4c35-83a3-0619845069e7'),(27497,27497,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 8 Notification and Communication',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:00:56','2024-06-06 18:00:56','dc3637df-13a5-41bf-8613-1f0a1047bdde'),(27499,27499,1,NULL,'__temp_vgwwdendhhfmakaiylbzhiiuilsvgbigabre',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published June 2023</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of June 1, 2023.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:01:21','2024-06-06 18:04:29','1d0643f4-2365-467d-83e4-f2561b382967'),(27503,27503,1,NULL,'__temp_asnpuzbaqtmpbeqqmmphnhexnpdndedpcunk',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Author not reported. “The surprising way to stay safe in the hospital.” Consumer Reports. 2014<br />Dec. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/02/the-surprisingway-to-stay-safe-in-the-hospital/index.html.\\\">https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/02/the-surprisingway-to-stay-safe-in-the-hospital/index.html.</a></li><li>Day, K. “Sticky: John McCleary’s MRSA Nightmare.” McCleary MRSA Prevention webpage. 2009<br />Feb 9. Available at: <a href=\\\"http://mcclearymrsaprevention.com/?p=12.\\\">http://mcclearymrsaprevention.com/?p=12.</a></li><li>Petersen M. “UCI doctor’s plan to stop superbugs is widely used. At her own hospital, it didn’t<br />work.” Los Angeles Times. 2017 May. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-uciinfant-outbreak-20170515-story.html.\\\">https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-uciinfant-outbreak-20170515-story.html.</a></li><li>Dudzinski DM, Hébert PC, Foglia MB, Gallagher TH. The disclosure dilemma ─ large-scale<br />adverse events. N Engl J Med. 2010 Sep 2;363(10):978-86.</li><li>Sandman PM. “Introduction to Risk Communication and Orientation to this Website.” The Peter<br />Sandman Risk Communication Website. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.psandman.com/indexintro.htm.\\\">https://www.psandman.com/indexintro.htm.</a></li><li>Schaefer MK, Perkins KM, Link-Gelles R, Kallen AJ, Patel PR, Perz JF. Outbreaks and infection<br />control breaches in health care settings: Considerations for patient notification. Am J Infect<br />Control. 2020 Jun;48(6):718-724.</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication<br />(CERC) Manual. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/manual/index.asp.\\\">https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/manual/index.asp.</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Injection Safety: Patient Notification Toolkit.<br />Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.</a></li><li>Prouty CD, Foglia MB, Gallagher TH. Patients’ experiences with disclosure of a large-scale<br />adverse event. J Clin Ethics. 2013 Winter; No. 4:353-363.</li><li>Sakamoto S, Terashita D, Balter S. Liaison Public Health Nurse Project: Innovative Public Health<br />Approach to Combat Infectious Disease in Hospitals. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020<br />Nov/Dec;26(6):557-561.</li><li>Urbina I, Fink S. A deadly fungus and questions at a hospital. New York Times. 2014 Apr.<br />Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/29/us/a-deadly-fungus-and-questions-at-ahospital.html.\\\">https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/29/us/a-deadly-fungus-and-questions-at-ahospital.html.</a></li><li>Duffy J, Harris J, Gade L, Sehulster L, Newhouse E, O\'Connell H, Noble-Wang J, Rao C, Balajee SA,<br />Chiller T. Mucormycosis outbreak associated with hospital linens. Pediatric Infect Dis J. 2014<br />May;33(5):472-6. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24667485/.\\\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24667485/</a>.</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:01:43','2024-06-06 18:04:29','e2ff1ce3-0e58-41a3-b72d-14da7c32c8b4'),(27504,27504,1,'8 - Notification & Communication','notification-communication','chapters/notification-communication','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Notification & Communication\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 8, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Eight\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','98cbc206-fb36-4a2f-bbae-0afefc4e8aab'),(27505,27505,1,NULL,'__temp_hddreopxyegknwckmuiufiuockuubfihbjaz',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about the “who, what, how, why, and when” for notifying patients and other stakeholders as part of a healthcare outbreak response.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Notification & Communication\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','dc67e254-e37a-4c3a-8a50-ae01c3d4c3bb'),(27506,27506,1,NULL,'__temp_pzkwyjyithwwfifygnazpznovpkmszzlsqvf',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','55479422-b054-4d45-9fc3-35e9fba16bb4'),(27507,27507,1,NULL,'__temp_gpskqhkszpexuubrwzajwidkkdjvkffjxoxc',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','79a41d21-619c-40d8-b3a7-857302c3b614'),(27508,27508,1,NULL,'__temp_ssoimydzsxvihdysvutkgufhdwaljgatwnck',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','87fcf966-9eba-49f9-a7b9-d133226b859b'),(27509,27509,1,NULL,'__temp_uenkvharwanorjvowvyvoiucpwnlxnminhnw',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2023-06-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','6e8395ed-03b1-4ebb-aa3c-a003ca549514'),(27510,27510,1,NULL,'__temp_kurtupcteapwhoerjtfdtrjtyzlznmybfkko',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','353302da-b855-4050-a7a8-158f809b922f'),(27511,27511,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','71877316-2731-47e6-810f-f157ef4aaf02'),(27512,27512,1,NULL,'__temp_oxogdvnknqrmzywnnzodtbvrdpircggmcsbf',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>When patients are placed at risk as a result of an infection or disease outbreak in a healthcare setting, a serious infection control breach, or another situation that jeopardizes their health, they have a right to know what happened, the extent of their risk, and what they need to do. </p><p>In Chapter 8, Notification &amp; Communication, we describe “who, what, how, why, and when” for the notification of patients and other stakeholders, along with a detailed review of applicable risk communication principles and strategies. </p><p>This chapter contains information on:</p><ul><li>Patient stories and ethical considerations for notification</li><li>Notification of affected and exposed patients, stakeholders such as providers and healthcare facilities, and the general public both during and after an outbreak</li><li>Advice on managing effective communications as part of patient notification, including managing differences of opinion between public health agencies and healthcare facilities</li><li>Pointers for engaging the media, either proactively or reactively</li><li>Examples detailing notification procedures in outbreak situations involving (a) <i>Legionella</i> in a hospital setting and (b) antibiotic-resistant infections in a long-term care facility </li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','d9635b63-94ce-49a0-98fe-3280cbb2eadb'),(27513,27513,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','b1187dd9-2ede-4333-9ef0-556344562aa8'),(27514,27514,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','81b9ca7d-21cf-4f0a-b335-f756fbebab6a'),(27515,27515,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:31','2024-06-06 18:04:31','85e391b6-b8e5-4ffd-843a-7e7178dc55e1'),(27516,27516,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:32','2024-06-06 18:04:32','0d0870e1-0141-4c42-afd5-1762c2152b12'),(27517,27517,1,NULL,'__temp_vgwwdendhhfmakaiylbzhiiuilsvgbigabre',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published June 2023</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of June 1, 2023.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:32','2024-06-06 18:04:32','5faa79d5-9c25-4a1d-b990-d42c58147b86'),(27518,27518,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:32','2024-06-06 18:04:32','6e7c0039-4cc0-4793-81d3-188ca2b1ead6'),(27519,27519,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:32','2024-06-06 18:04:32','f02f1be7-7bc3-4109-b953-5e04c23cbf02'),(27520,27520,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:04:32','2024-06-06 18:04:32','df580e6c-5d97-4526-88c8-e3c3a85f5f5a'),(27521,27521,1,NULL,'__temp_asnpuzbaqtmpbeqqmmphnhexnpdndedpcunk',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Author not reported. “The surprising way to stay safe in the hospital.” Consumer Reports. 2014<br />Dec. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/02/the-surprisingway-to-stay-safe-in-the-hospital/index.html.\\\">https://www.consumerreports.org/cro/magazine/2015/02/the-surprisingway-to-stay-safe-in-the-hospital/index.html.</a></li><li>Day, K. “Sticky: John McCleary’s MRSA Nightmare.” McCleary MRSA Prevention webpage. 2009<br />Feb 9. Available at: <a href=\\\"http://mcclearymrsaprevention.com/?p=12.\\\">http://mcclearymrsaprevention.com/?p=12.</a></li><li>Petersen M. “UCI doctor’s plan to stop superbugs is widely used. At her own hospital, it didn’t<br />work.” Los Angeles Times. 2017 May. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-uciinfant-outbreak-20170515-story.html.\\\">https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-uciinfant-outbreak-20170515-story.html.</a></li><li>Dudzinski DM, Hébert PC, Foglia MB, Gallagher TH. The disclosure dilemma ─ large-scale<br />adverse events. N Engl J Med. 2010 Sep 2;363(10):978-86.</li><li>Sandman PM. “Introduction to Risk Communication and Orientation to this Website.” The Peter<br />Sandman Risk Communication Website. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.psandman.com/indexintro.htm.\\\">https://www.psandman.com/indexintro.htm.</a></li><li>Schaefer MK, Perkins KM, Link-Gelles R, Kallen AJ, Patel PR, Perz JF. Outbreaks and infection<br />control breaches in health care settings: Considerations for patient notification. Am J Infect<br />Control. 2020 Jun;48(6):718-724.</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication<br />(CERC) Manual. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/manual/index.asp.\\\">https://emergency.cdc.gov/cerc/manual/index.asp.</a></li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Injection Safety: Patient Notification Toolkit.<br />Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.</a></li><li>Prouty CD, Foglia MB, Gallagher TH. Patients’ experiences with disclosure of a large-scale<br />adverse event. J Clin Ethics. 2013 Winter; No. 4:353-363.</li><li>Sakamoto S, Terashita D, Balter S. Liaison Public Health Nurse Project: Innovative Public Health<br />Approach to Combat Infectious Disease in Hospitals. J Public Health Manag Pract. 2020<br />Nov/Dec;26(6):557-561.</li><li>Urbina I, Fink S. A deadly fungus and questions at a hospital. New York Times. 2014 Apr.<br />Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/29/us/a-deadly-fungus-and-questions-at-ahospital.html.\\\">https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/29/us/a-deadly-fungus-and-questions-at-ahospital.html.</a></li><li>Duffy J, Harris J, Gade L, Sehulster L, Newhouse E, O\'Connell H, Noble-Wang J, Rao C, Balajee SA,<br />Chiller T. Mucormycosis outbreak associated with hospital linens. Pediatric Infect Dis J. 2014<br />May;33(5):472-6. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24667485/.\\\">https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24667485/</a>.</li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:04:32','2024-06-06 18:04:32','90adfc32-f9e4-4dc6-8d29-3c41c55544b6'),(27529,27529,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Supplement B Infection Control Breach Investigations',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:08:18','2024-06-06 18:08:18','4edfc8b9-a1f4-4dd9-89c2-72e1541dfd8f'),(27531,27531,1,NULL,'__temp_nypbbzixewyfgltmbqucndljmmxjzshxzlja',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Outbreak investigation has long been a core public health function, and deficits in infection control practices are frequently identified during healthcare outbreak investigations. In contrast, the investigation of isolated reports of serious infection control breaches, in the absence of known patient infections, represents relatively new territory. </p><p>In Supplement B, Infection Control Breach Investigations, we describe resources available to assist investigators responding to reports of substandard care practices, such as reuse of single-use devices or the failure to follow requirements for reprocessing reusable medical equipment.</p><p>The aims of this type of response activity include assessing the degree of departure from recommended practices, evaluating the risk of communicable disease transmission associated with the breach, and identifying potentially exposed individuals who have not yet developed or been diagnosed with infection or colonization. </p><p>This supplement takes the form of an annotated bibliography and includes:</p><ul><li>Key resources providing materials and advice to assist in the investigation of and response to infection control breaches, including patient notification, with examples of publications in which breach investigators describe their specific findings and experiences</li><li>General resources outlining infection control guidelines plus some detailed resources relevant to specific types of higher risk infection control breaches </li><li>Resources offering guidance and useful background for the investigation of healthcare drug diversion events, such as when tampering or substitution may have introduced infection risks</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:09:08','2024-06-06 18:09:26','0eab57e8-d905-4186-91df-33f665752e82'),(27536,27536,1,NULL,'__temp_ljvoyezwfawuifwshsjqwjidotzjrysmomoq',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>Interim Version Published October 2022  </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:10:23','2024-06-06 18:18:24','275558c0-2b81-4330-b5ba-5dfbc25b64d2'),(27538,27538,1,NULL,'__temp_jdqwbmkzygirizxsyvzskgnambxjdbofxthn',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Investigation of Infection Control Breaches </strong></p><p>This section lists some key resources that provide useful background, materials, and advice to assist with the investigation and response to infection control breaches, as well as some examples of publications in which infection control breach investigators described their specific findings and experiences. </p><p>1. Schaefer MK, Perkins KM, Link-Gelles R, Kallen AJ, Patel PR, Perz JF. Outbreaks and infection control breaches in health care settings: Considerations for patient notification. Am J Infect Control. 2020 Jun;48(6):718-724. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894041/\\\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894041/</a>  </p><p><i>This paper provides a useful framework for patient notification considerations, including a description of triggers for performing a notification when investigating an infection control breach, as well as examples of commonly encountered scenarios. </i></p><p>2. Patel PR, Srinivasan A, Perz JF. Developing a broader approach to management of infection control breaches in healthcare settings. Am J Infect Control. 2008;36:685–90. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(08)00683-4/fulltext.\\\">https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(08)00683-4/fulltext.</a> </p><p><i>This paper introduced a number of useful concepts and suggested approaches for investigating infection control breaches, many of which were revisited and expanded upon by Schaefer et al (reference 1 from this section). </i></p><p>3. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Infection control breaches which warrant referral to public health authorities. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/ProviderEnrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter14-36.pdf\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/ProviderEnrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter14-36.pdf</a></p><p><i>Beginning in 2014, CMS required the reporting of infection control breaches discovered during accrediting or certification survey visits to public health agencies. </i></p><p>4. Braun BI, Chitavi SO, Perkins KM, Perz JF et al. Referrals of Infection Control Breaches to Public Health Authorities: Ambulatory Care Settings Experience, 2017. Available at <a href=\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876613/\\\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876613/</a>  </p><p><i>The authors characterized and summarized the IPC breaches that were identified by Joint Commission surveyors during the ambulatory health care and office-based surgery accreditation process and reported to state health departments in 2017. </i></p><p>5. CDC. Injection Safety: Patient Notification Toolkit. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.</a> </p><p><i>This toolkit provides step-wise guidance to assist public health agencies and healthcare facilities with conducting a patient notification following identification of an infection control breach. The toolkit is intended to be used after the decision has been made to notify patients and offers resources and template materials (such as sample notification letters) as well as some essential tips and strategies. </i></p><p>6. Schoonover H, Haydon K. Incident command structure using a daily management system and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\'s Patient Notification Toolkit drives effective response to an infection control breach. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2018 Oct;38(2):19-26. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jhrm.21323.\\\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jhrm.21323.</a>  </p><p><i>The authors describe how an incident command structure, information management system, and CDC Patient Notification Toolkit were used to drive an effective response to an infection control breach—resulting in 92% of affected patients completing the recommended testing. </i></p><p>7. Arnold S, Melville SK, Morehead B, Vaughan G, Moorman A, Crist MB. Notes from the Field. Hepatitis C Transmission from Inappropriate Reuse of Saline Flush Syringes for Multiple Patients in an Acute Care General Hospital — Texas, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017;66:258– 260. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6609a4.htm.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6609a4.htm.</a> </p><p><i>This report provides an example of an infection control breach investigation which uncovered hepatitis C virus transmission. </i></p><p>8. Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA (editors). (2018) The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-manual/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-manual/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This reference does not address infection control breaches specifically, but provides a comprehensive resource for responding to outbreaks, with many principles that can also be applied to infection control breach investigations. Particularly relevant chapters to healthcare infection control breach investigations include Chapters 3 (Conducting a Field Investigation), 12 (Communicating During an Outbreak or Public Health Investigation), and 18 (Healthcare Settings). </i></p><p><strong>Selected Infection Control Resources and References</strong></p><p>This section provides general resources for understanding the basic principles of infection control as well as some detailed resources that are relevant to some of the more commonly reported infection control breaches.</p><p>1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Infection Control. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This webpage is the base directory for CDC infection control resources, including links to resources for standard and transmission-based precautions, infection control guidelines (reference 2 in this section), training and education resources, and tools for specific healthcare setting types. </i></p><p>2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Infection Control: Guidelines &amp; Guidance Library. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This webpage contains links to a variety of CDC infection control guidelines and documents including those developed under the auspices of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). </i></p><p>3. Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC). The APIC Text. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://apic.org/resources/apic-text/.\\\">https://apic.org/resources/apic-text/.</a></p><p><i>A comprehensive infection control resource organized by chapter. Subscription required.</i></p><p>4 .Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Essential Elements of a Reprocessing Program for Flexible Endoscopes ─ RecommendaƟons of the HICPAC. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/recommendations/flexible-endoscope-reprocessing.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/recommendations/flexible-endoscope-reprocessing.html.</a></p><p><i>Because many breaches involve medical device reprocessing techniques, this resource can assist public health agencies in related investigations and can be a useful document to share with and help educate facilities. </i></p><p>5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Infection Prevention during Blood Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Administration. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/bloodglucose-monitoring.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/bloodglucose-monitoring.html.</a></p><p><i>This CDC resource provides essential background when investigating infection control breaches associated with blood glucose monitoring (or other forms of point of care testing involving capillary blood samples) or insulin pens and other medication cartridges. </i></p><p>6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Injection Safety. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/index.html.</a></p><p><i>A website landing page for information about safe injection practices. Safe injection practices are part of standard precautions and are aimed at maintaining basic levels of patient safety and healthcare provider protections. </i></p><p>7. Dolan SA, Arias KM, Felizardo G, Barnes S, Kraska S, et.al. APIC position paper: Safe injection, infusion, and medication vial practices in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jul 1;44(7):750- 7. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://apic.org/Resource_/TinyMceFileManager/Position_Statements/2016APICSIPPositionPap%20er.pdf\\\">https://apic.org/Resource_/TinyMceFileManager/Position_Statements/2016APICSIPPositionPap er.pdf  </a></p><p><i>Position paper from the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology describing risks and outbreaks associated with unsafe injection practices and associated recommendations. </i></p><p><strong>Investigation of a Drug Diversion Event</strong></p><p>Broadly speaking, when prescription medicines are obtained or used illegally, it is called drug diversion. Healthcare providers who steal prescription medicines such as opioids for their own use put patients at risk for harms. This can include exposure to infectious diseases. For example, when a provider commits diversion by tampering with or otherwise misusing injection supplies, medications or other equipment, these items might become contaminated with hepatitis B or C virus, HIV, or bacteria. Drug diversion investigations involve assessments and actions that are akin to infection control breach investigations, but with many special considerations. The resources below provide guidance and useful background for investigation of healthcare drug diversion events. </p><p>1. Schaefer MK, Perz JF. Outbreaks of Infections Associated With Drug Diversion by US Health Care Personnel. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014. 89(7):878-87. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4669560/\\\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4669560/</a> </p><p><i>This review article summarizes a variety of drug diversion-related outbreak investigations and includes a table describing key investigation steps. </i></p><p>2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Injection Safety: Drug Diversion. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/drugdiversion/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/drugdiversion/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This website provides information on drug diversion including outbreaks associated with drug diversion, resources for clinicians, and additional resources. </i></p><p>3. Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. (2019) Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) Drug Diversion Planning and Response Toolkit for State and Local Health Departments. Available at <a href=\\\"https://www.cste.org/page/Drug-Diversion-Toolkit.\\\">https://www.cste.org/page/Drug-Diversion-Toolkit.</a></p><p><i>This toolkit provides information on best practices when responding to a drug diversion, and provides resources informed by past drug diversion investigations. </i></p><p>4. Brummond PW, Chen DF, Churchill WW, Clark JS, Dillon KR, et. al. ASHP Guidelines on Preventing Diversion of Controlled Substances. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017 Mar 1;74(5):325- 348. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ashp.org/-/media/assets/policyguidelines/docs/guidelines/preventing-diversion-of-controlled-substances.ashx\\\">https://www.ashp.org/-/media/assets/policyguidelines/docs/guidelines/preventing-diversion-of-controlled-substances.ashx</a></p><p><i>This guidance document is a framework from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists describing controlled substance diversion prevention programs and provides useful context for public health partners and others charged with investigating a drug diversion report.</i></p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:10:46','2024-06-06 18:18:24','a773f466-6c76-4fda-89f4-d9f3b0a16c0a'),(27539,27539,1,'B - Infection Control Breach Investigations','infection-control-breach-investigations','chapters/infection-control-breach-investigations','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Infection Control Breach\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 9, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Supplement B\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','6d647b3d-1c74-4750-8ef4-22eee1938638'),(27540,27540,1,NULL,'__temp_nqkwshuylhdhqqmoivvvlrjkfpirmztefkis',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn about resources to help investigate reports of substandard care such as unsafe injections practices or drug diversion.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Infection Control Breach Investigations\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','3d963934-929a-4e07-be92-daed640fa226'),(27541,27541,1,NULL,'__temp_uxhddmhwkizogroqbksalvbtxabhgdfoxefk',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','a7449017-1a92-4338-8ae0-37297c300401'),(27542,27542,1,NULL,'__temp_vbrohdlkmzpiwvjleuprviieiytnbxezpztu',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','5938b593-47a7-46db-a346-8b37af7df1b1'),(27543,27543,1,NULL,'__temp_hgkhyozhsarlohdrcacgfttwamiyggarbcat',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','122f5a22-9ce2-4509-a5fe-1273a2e3f1db'),(27544,27544,1,NULL,'__temp_zndcllrqbbkmdhgtcxffcefnczzzgfpbqfuf',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','d0a77a94-b782-4eac-b6b8-746dbf243553'),(27545,27545,1,NULL,'__temp_cmmrtzhoflhxoilyvskzvdhzzkmuognnshub',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:13','2024-06-06 18:19:13','570b8446-f996-43e9-937f-2fd2a0e53b0e'),(27546,27546,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','9f6e091b-8181-435f-be0d-d502af6588f0'),(27547,27547,1,NULL,'__temp_nypbbzixewyfgltmbqucndljmmxjzshxzlja',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Outbreak investigation has long been a core public health function, and deficits in infection control practices are frequently identified during healthcare outbreak investigations. In contrast, the investigation of isolated reports of serious infection control breaches, in the absence of known patient infections, represents relatively new territory. </p><p>In Supplement B, Infection Control Breach Investigations, we describe resources available to assist investigators responding to reports of substandard care practices, such as reuse of single-use devices or the failure to follow requirements for reprocessing reusable medical equipment.</p><p>The aims of this type of response activity include assessing the degree of departure from recommended practices, evaluating the risk of communicable disease transmission associated with the breach, and identifying potentially exposed individuals who have not yet developed or been diagnosed with infection or colonization. </p><p>This supplement takes the form of an annotated bibliography and includes:</p><ul><li>Key resources providing materials and advice to assist in the investigation of and response to infection control breaches, including patient notification, with examples of publications in which breach investigators describe their specific findings and experiences</li><li>General resources outlining infection control guidelines plus some detailed resources relevant to specific types of higher risk infection control breaches </li><li>Resources offering guidance and useful background for the investigation of healthcare drug diversion events, such as when tampering or substitution may have introduced infection risks</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','371b8020-1d5a-4afd-8074-5f735390a395'),(27548,27548,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','0ba3cf07-8c8c-4be9-beb5-6606fc4f0c54'),(27549,27549,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','d2df737e-37f3-4e4b-932f-30970b11af54'),(27550,27550,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','a8169d25-6bf6-4c72-8bb9-86caf0b4c5af'),(27551,27551,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','5e6c2cdf-2fe6-48bf-a148-ea64c4569e2d'),(27552,27552,1,NULL,'__temp_ljvoyezwfawuifwshsjqwjidotzjrysmomoq',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>Interim Version Published October 2022  </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','ccb96bf5-4dee-4fde-8152-dfc23497bbc5'),(27553,27553,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','02187e69-e2b8-4226-879c-4841d9b622ad'),(27554,27554,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','f9db2bbb-bba1-453b-ad4d-c617338b88d3'),(27555,27555,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','a701bb5c-a9cd-480b-9f3f-d3e4582e97e7'),(27556,27556,1,NULL,'__temp_jdqwbmkzygirizxsyvzskgnambxjdbofxthn',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Investigation of Infection Control Breaches </strong></p><p>This section lists some key resources that provide useful background, materials, and advice to assist with the investigation and response to infection control breaches, as well as some examples of publications in which infection control breach investigators described their specific findings and experiences. </p><p>1. Schaefer MK, Perkins KM, Link-Gelles R, Kallen AJ, Patel PR, Perz JF. Outbreaks and infection control breaches in health care settings: Considerations for patient notification. Am J Infect Control. 2020 Jun;48(6):718-724. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894041/\\\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7894041/</a>  </p><p><i>This paper provides a useful framework for patient notification considerations, including a description of triggers for performing a notification when investigating an infection control breach, as well as examples of commonly encountered scenarios. </i></p><p>2. Patel PR, Srinivasan A, Perz JF. Developing a broader approach to management of infection control breaches in healthcare settings. Am J Infect Control. 2008;36:685–90. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(08)00683-4/fulltext.\\\">https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(08)00683-4/fulltext.</a> </p><p><i>This paper introduced a number of useful concepts and suggested approaches for investigating infection control breaches, many of which were revisited and expanded upon by Schaefer et al (reference 1 from this section). </i></p><p>3. Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). Infection control breaches which warrant referral to public health authorities. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/ProviderEnrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter14-36.pdf\\\">https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/ProviderEnrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/Survey-and-Cert-Letter14-36.pdf</a></p><p><i>Beginning in 2014, CMS required the reporting of infection control breaches discovered during accrediting or certification survey visits to public health agencies. </i></p><p>4. Braun BI, Chitavi SO, Perkins KM, Perz JF et al. Referrals of Infection Control Breaches to Public Health Authorities: Ambulatory Care Settings Experience, 2017. Available at <a href=\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876613/\\\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7876613/</a>  </p><p><i>The authors characterized and summarized the IPC breaches that were identified by Joint Commission surveyors during the ambulatory health care and office-based surgery accreditation process and reported to state health departments in 2017. </i></p><p>5. CDC. Injection Safety: Patient Notification Toolkit. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/pntoolkit/index.html.</a> </p><p><i>This toolkit provides step-wise guidance to assist public health agencies and healthcare facilities with conducting a patient notification following identification of an infection control breach. The toolkit is intended to be used after the decision has been made to notify patients and offers resources and template materials (such as sample notification letters) as well as some essential tips and strategies. </i></p><p>6. Schoonover H, Haydon K. Incident command structure using a daily management system and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\'s Patient Notification Toolkit drives effective response to an infection control breach. J Healthc Risk Manag. 2018 Oct;38(2):19-26. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jhrm.21323.\\\">https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jhrm.21323.</a>  </p><p><i>The authors describe how an incident command structure, information management system, and CDC Patient Notification Toolkit were used to drive an effective response to an infection control breach—resulting in 92% of affected patients completing the recommended testing. </i></p><p>7. Arnold S, Melville SK, Morehead B, Vaughan G, Moorman A, Crist MB. Notes from the Field. Hepatitis C Transmission from Inappropriate Reuse of Saline Flush Syringes for Multiple Patients in an Acute Care General Hospital — Texas, 2015. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2017;66:258– 260. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6609a4.htm.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/66/wr/mm6609a4.htm.</a> </p><p><i>This report provides an example of an infection control breach investigation which uncovered hepatitis C virus transmission. </i></p><p>8. Rasmussen SA, Goodman RA (editors). (2018) The CDC Field Epidemiology Manual. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-manual/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/eis/field-epi-manual/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This reference does not address infection control breaches specifically, but provides a comprehensive resource for responding to outbreaks, with many principles that can also be applied to infection control breach investigations. Particularly relevant chapters to healthcare infection control breach investigations include Chapters 3 (Conducting a Field Investigation), 12 (Communicating During an Outbreak or Public Health Investigation), and 18 (Healthcare Settings). </i></p><p><strong>Selected Infection Control Resources and References</strong></p><p>This section provides general resources for understanding the basic principles of infection control as well as some detailed resources that are relevant to some of the more commonly reported infection control breaches.</p><p>1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Infection Control. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This webpage is the base directory for CDC infection control resources, including links to resources for standard and transmission-based precautions, infection control guidelines (reference 2 in this section), training and education resources, and tools for specific healthcare setting types. </i></p><p>2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Infection Control: Guidelines &amp; Guidance Library. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This webpage contains links to a variety of CDC infection control guidelines and documents including those developed under the auspices of the Healthcare Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee (HICPAC). </i></p><p>3. Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC). The APIC Text. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://apic.org/resources/apic-text/.\\\">https://apic.org/resources/apic-text/.</a></p><p><i>A comprehensive infection control resource organized by chapter. Subscription required.</i></p><p>4 .Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Essential Elements of a Reprocessing Program for Flexible Endoscopes ─ RecommendaƟons of the HICPAC. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/recommendations/flexible-endoscope-reprocessing.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hicpac/recommendations/flexible-endoscope-reprocessing.html.</a></p><p><i>Because many breaches involve medical device reprocessing techniques, this resource can assist public health agencies in related investigations and can be a useful document to share with and help educate facilities. </i></p><p>5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Infection Prevention during Blood Glucose Monitoring and Insulin Administration. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/bloodglucose-monitoring.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/bloodglucose-monitoring.html.</a></p><p><i>This CDC resource provides essential background when investigating infection control breaches associated with blood glucose monitoring (or other forms of point of care testing involving capillary blood samples) or insulin pens and other medication cartridges. </i></p><p>6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Injection Safety. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/index.html.</a></p><p><i>A website landing page for information about safe injection practices. Safe injection practices are part of standard precautions and are aimed at maintaining basic levels of patient safety and healthcare provider protections. </i></p><p>7. Dolan SA, Arias KM, Felizardo G, Barnes S, Kraska S, et.al. APIC position paper: Safe injection, infusion, and medication vial practices in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jul 1;44(7):750- 7. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://apic.org/Resource_/TinyMceFileManager/Position_Statements/2016APICSIPPositionPap%20er.pdf\\\">https://apic.org/Resource_/TinyMceFileManager/Position_Statements/2016APICSIPPositionPap er.pdf  </a></p><p><i>Position paper from the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology describing risks and outbreaks associated with unsafe injection practices and associated recommendations. </i></p><p><strong>Investigation of a Drug Diversion Event</strong></p><p>Broadly speaking, when prescription medicines are obtained or used illegally, it is called drug diversion. Healthcare providers who steal prescription medicines such as opioids for their own use put patients at risk for harms. This can include exposure to infectious diseases. For example, when a provider commits diversion by tampering with or otherwise misusing injection supplies, medications or other equipment, these items might become contaminated with hepatitis B or C virus, HIV, or bacteria. Drug diversion investigations involve assessments and actions that are akin to infection control breach investigations, but with many special considerations. The resources below provide guidance and useful background for investigation of healthcare drug diversion events. </p><p>1. Schaefer MK, Perz JF. Outbreaks of Infections Associated With Drug Diversion by US Health Care Personnel. Mayo Clin Proc. 2014. 89(7):878-87. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4669560/\\\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4669560/</a> </p><p><i>This review article summarizes a variety of drug diversion-related outbreak investigations and includes a table describing key investigation steps. </i></p><p>2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Injection Safety: Drug Diversion. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/drugdiversion/index.html.\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/injectionsafety/drugdiversion/index.html.</a></p><p><i>This website provides information on drug diversion including outbreaks associated with drug diversion, resources for clinicians, and additional resources. </i></p><p>3. Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists. (2019) Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) Drug Diversion Planning and Response Toolkit for State and Local Health Departments. Available at <a href=\\\"https://www.cste.org/page/Drug-Diversion-Toolkit.\\\">https://www.cste.org/page/Drug-Diversion-Toolkit.</a></p><p><i>This toolkit provides information on best practices when responding to a drug diversion, and provides resources informed by past drug diversion investigations. </i></p><p>4. Brummond PW, Chen DF, Churchill WW, Clark JS, Dillon KR, et. al. ASHP Guidelines on Preventing Diversion of Controlled Substances. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017 Mar 1;74(5):325- 348. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.ashp.org/-/media/assets/policyguidelines/docs/guidelines/preventing-diversion-of-controlled-substances.ashx\\\">https://www.ashp.org/-/media/assets/policyguidelines/docs/guidelines/preventing-diversion-of-controlled-substances.ashx</a></p><p><i>This guidance document is a framework from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists describing controlled substance diversion prevention programs and provides useful context for public health partners and others charged with investigating a drug diversion report.</i></p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:19:14','2024-06-06 18:19:14','acae85a3-7b3d-488b-b2d1-39d6e56b949f'),(27564,27564,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Supplement A Medical Product Investigations',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:21:06','2024-06-06 18:21:06','572a2d37-d8bc-4a18-b16f-549894eecd53'),(27567,27567,1,NULL,'__temp_gvhphhqianiqsivckmoruibnkugqqfbmphqd',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and outbreaks can be caused by use of contaminated medical products. These medical products include devices (also known as instruments or equipment) and drugs (also known as medications), as well as biological products, nutrition products, and patient care items. </p><p>The general principles outlined in the CORHA Principles and Practices can be employed when responding to events related to medical product contamination. These investigations often involve infection control assessments and require the active coordination of investigation partners across multiple jurisdictions. </p><p>In Supplement A, Medical Product Investigations, we address some unique challenges associated with identifying and responding to outbreaks related to contamination events. </p><p>This supplement contains information on:</p><ul><li>Intrinsic contamination, which occurs before a medical product arrives at its point of use in a healthcare facility </li><li>Extrinsic contamination, which results from errors made during a medical product’s storage, preparation, and use in a healthcare facility</li><li>Advice on recognizing and evaluating possible causes of product-related transmission relative to clinical illness and other factors </li><li>Investigation procedures for outbreaks that potentially involve drugs and devices, with an emphasis on intrinsic product contamination</li><li>Additional “Keys to Success” related to medical product investigations</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:22:52','2024-06-06 18:23:54','e76cdbe9-4eeb-4e9b-a7d7-aecc932f935a'),(27572,27572,1,NULL,'__temp_cybgvddijrrftkbuutprhbrugnblolclejoh',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published March 2024</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of March 2024.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:24:15','2024-06-06 18:29:49','4748d72f-36d7-4d00-a576-d1657646705e'),(27576,27576,1,NULL,'__temp_etntecsaneliwxhfpdnbcwvxzehmjrzboxgv',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Medical Product Investigations – Key Resources</strong></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Arias KM, Felizardo G et.al. APIC position paper: Safe injection, infusion, and<br />medication vial practices in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jul 1;44(7):750-7.</p><p>2. FDA. MedWatch. Accessed at: <a href=\\\"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.\\\">https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.</a></p><p>3. FDA. Sharing Non-Public Information. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy</a><br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">Compounding/UCM446165.pdf</a>.</p><p><strong>Contaminated Medical Products – Selected Examples</strong></p><p><i>Endoscopes</i></p><p>1. Botana-Rial M, Leiro-Fernández V, Núñez-Delgado M, Álvarez-Fernández M, Otero-Fernández S,<br />et. al. A Pseudo-Outbreak of Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a<br />Bronchoscopy Unit. 2016;92(4):274-278.</p><p>2. FDA. Infections Associated with Reprocessed Duodenoscopes. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes\\\">https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes</a> </p><p>3. Guy M, Vanhems P, Dananché C, Perraud M, Regard A, et. al. Outbreak of pulmonary<br />Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections related to<br />contaminated bronchoscope suction valves, Lyon, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016 Jul<br />14;21(28).</p><p>4. Humphries RM, Yang S, Kim S, Muthusamy VR, Russell D, et. al. Duodenoscope-Related<br />Outbreak of a Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Identified Using Advanced<br />Molecular Diagnostics. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 1;65(7):1159-1166.</p><p>5. Kumarage J, Khonyongwa K, Khan A, Desai N, Hoffman P, Taori SK. Transmission of multi-drug<br />resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa between two flexible ureteroscopes and an outbreak of<br />urinary tract infection: the fragility of endoscope decontamination. J Hosp Infect. 2019<br />May;102(1):89-94.</p><p>6. Rahman MR, Perisetti A, Coman R, Bansal P, Chhabra R, Goyal H. Duodenoscope-Associated<br />Infections: Update on an Emerging Problem. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Jun;64(6):1409-1418.</p><p><i>Heater-Cooler Devices</i></p><p>1. CDC. Contaminated Heater-Cooler Devices: Health Alert. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html</a> <br /> </p><p>2. Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et. al. Invasive Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections among<br />Cardiothoracic Surgical Patients Exposed to Heater–Cooler Devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017<br />May; 23(5): 796–805.</p><p>3. Perkins KM, Lawsin A, Hasan NA, et al. Notes from the Field. Mycobacterium chimaera<br />Contamination of Heater-Cooler Devices Used in Cardiac Surgery — United States. MMWR<br />Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1117–1118. </p><p>4. van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, Hasse B, Keller PM, et. al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;17(10):1033-1041. </p><p><i>Medication/Product </i></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Littlehorn C, Glodé MP, Dowell E, Xavier K, et. al. Association of Bacillus cereus infection with contaminated alcohol prep pads. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;33(7):666-71. </p><p>2. Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et. al. Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 6; 367(23): 2194–2203. </p><p>3. West K, Janelle S, Schutz K, Hamilton S, Mayo K, et. al. Outbreak of Serratia marcescens bacteremia in pediatric patients epidemiologically linked to pre-filled heparin flushes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Jul 25:1-2. </p><p>4. Hudson MJ, Park SC, Mathers A, Parikh H, Glowicz J, Dar D, Nabili M, LiPuma JJ, Bumford A, Pettengill MA, Sterner Jr MR. Outbreak of Burkholderia stabilis infections associated with contaminated nonsterile, multiuse ultrasound gel—10 states, May–September 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2022 Dec 12;71(48):1517. </p><p>5. CDC. Outbreak of Extensively Drug-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa Associated with Artificial Tears. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html</a>  </p><p>6. Schwartz NG, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Annambhotla P, Filardo TD, Althomsons SP, Free RJ, Li R, Wilson WW, Deutsch-Feldman M, Drees M, Hanlin E. Nationwide tuberculosis outbreak in the USA linked to a bone graft product: an outbreak report. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2022 Nov 1;22(11):1617-25. </p><p>7. Hartnett KP, Powell KM, Rankin D, Gable P, Kim JJ, Spoto S, Breaker E, Hunter R, Dotson N, McAllister G, Stevens V. Investigation of Bacterial Infections Among Patients Treated With Umbilical Cord Blood–Derived Products Marketed as Stem Cell Therapies. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2128615.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:25:10','2024-06-06 18:29:49','c52354f3-5289-4bc9-9cd3-ffe2f8f7e479'),(27577,27577,1,'A - Medical Product Investigations','medical-product-investigations','chapters/medical-product-investigations','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Medical Product Investigations\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 9, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Supplement A\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:50','2024-06-06 18:29:50','72f77bc2-3a96-4790-b287-ae84e1f3b42f'),(27578,27578,1,NULL,'__temp_mmumqcfxinobcukqqopefyharqkhkkjptzpk',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Learn how contaminated drugs, devices, and other medical products can cause outbreaks and the actions needed to prevent further harm.</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Medical Product Investigations\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:50','2024-06-06 18:29:50','87afa66a-f368-4dbb-8729-31454df58f3f'),(27579,27579,1,NULL,'__temp_lmznhsrbkwjitqzzlcwdgzkdtjjwqqjthfce',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','1d8f4e62-64b4-41bc-bb5c-4eb0d4563f8f'),(27580,27580,1,NULL,'__temp_bvizcvynzvriobglsubbzowufvzxnmilbqvn',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','c8242b78-73cf-42e3-b97f-864bbd3f9902'),(27581,27581,1,NULL,'__temp_crvbbblrqmoslxzwmayofwcuvvznezkegnfs',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','bac467ed-1ac1-4602-8138-baf7c14f914d'),(27582,27582,1,NULL,'__temp_afcejsjkicrdfkrrksbkwxvvdxidykcxexwq',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2021-09-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-03-01 08:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','2423cfe4-6ef2-4aae-be8e-b3179583a218'),(27583,27583,1,NULL,'__temp_elfdpznmnralswdqvniohmvsslqnxzksiorx',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','ffd13b8c-8560-4ad4-b4b3-8d513f7e985b'),(27584,27584,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','828b7e1d-50e6-4dc9-953a-03b79c19e113'),(27585,27585,1,NULL,'__temp_gvhphhqianiqsivckmoruibnkugqqfbmphqd',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and outbreaks can be caused by use of contaminated medical products. These medical products include devices (also known as instruments or equipment) and drugs (also known as medications), as well as biological products, nutrition products, and patient care items. </p><p>The general principles outlined in the CORHA Principles and Practices can be employed when responding to events related to medical product contamination. These investigations often involve infection control assessments and require the active coordination of investigation partners across multiple jurisdictions. </p><p>In Supplement A, Medical Product Investigations, we address some unique challenges associated with identifying and responding to outbreaks related to contamination events. </p><p>This supplement contains information on:</p><ul><li>Intrinsic contamination, which occurs before a medical product arrives at its point of use in a healthcare facility </li><li>Extrinsic contamination, which results from errors made during a medical product’s storage, preparation, and use in a healthcare facility</li><li>Advice on recognizing and evaluating possible causes of product-related transmission relative to clinical illness and other factors </li><li>Investigation procedures for outbreaks that potentially involve drugs and devices, with an emphasis on intrinsic product contamination</li><li>Additional “Keys to Success” related to medical product investigations</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','bc93226c-e7c1-4383-b031-0dbd3ab15c48'),(27586,27586,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','0ea840b0-df57-467f-b1be-9e672def8a53'),(27587,27587,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','71648b87-3f67-4a49-a3c1-d1febb65f2dd'),(27588,27588,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','6aa8e4de-f1e2-4b10-8fab-e1f363b5fea0'),(27589,27589,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','899d2fbc-33ab-42d6-81ec-b3e555a2cad5'),(27590,27590,1,NULL,'__temp_cybgvddijrrftkbuutprhbrugnblolclejoh',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published March 2024</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of March 2024.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','013a927f-2dc7-4e73-bcf3-886aae0f866a'),(27591,27591,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','50298a6e-1c95-4390-a68a-6c24bbafb454'),(27592,27592,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','7718a547-ece0-40f9-b2de-b9c7edba52e8'),(27593,27593,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','6e4e9d7f-eefc-41fd-8478-d6a37aa2bb86'),(27594,27594,1,NULL,'__temp_etntecsaneliwxhfpdnbcwvxzehmjrzboxgv',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Medical Product Investigations – Key Resources</strong></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Arias KM, Felizardo G et.al. APIC position paper: Safe injection, infusion, and<br />medication vial practices in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jul 1;44(7):750-7.</p><p>2. FDA. MedWatch. Accessed at: <a href=\\\"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.\\\">https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.</a></p><p>3. FDA. Sharing Non-Public Information. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy</a><br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">Compounding/UCM446165.pdf</a>.</p><p><strong>Contaminated Medical Products – Selected Examples</strong></p><p><i>Endoscopes</i></p><p>1. Botana-Rial M, Leiro-Fernández V, Núñez-Delgado M, Álvarez-Fernández M, Otero-Fernández S,<br />et. al. A Pseudo-Outbreak of Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a<br />Bronchoscopy Unit. 2016;92(4):274-278.</p><p>2. FDA. Infections Associated with Reprocessed Duodenoscopes. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes\\\">https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes</a> </p><p>3. Guy M, Vanhems P, Dananché C, Perraud M, Regard A, et. al. Outbreak of pulmonary<br />Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections related to<br />contaminated bronchoscope suction valves, Lyon, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016 Jul<br />14;21(28).</p><p>4. Humphries RM, Yang S, Kim S, Muthusamy VR, Russell D, et. al. Duodenoscope-Related<br />Outbreak of a Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Identified Using Advanced<br />Molecular Diagnostics. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 1;65(7):1159-1166.</p><p>5. Kumarage J, Khonyongwa K, Khan A, Desai N, Hoffman P, Taori SK. Transmission of multi-drug<br />resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa between two flexible ureteroscopes and an outbreak of<br />urinary tract infection: the fragility of endoscope decontamination. J Hosp Infect. 2019<br />May;102(1):89-94.</p><p>6. Rahman MR, Perisetti A, Coman R, Bansal P, Chhabra R, Goyal H. Duodenoscope-Associated<br />Infections: Update on an Emerging Problem. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Jun;64(6):1409-1418.</p><p><i>Heater-Cooler Devices</i></p><p>1. CDC. Contaminated Heater-Cooler Devices: Health Alert. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html</a> <br /> </p><p>2. Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et. al. Invasive Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections among<br />Cardiothoracic Surgical Patients Exposed to Heater–Cooler Devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017<br />May; 23(5): 796–805.</p><p>3. Perkins KM, Lawsin A, Hasan NA, et al. Notes from the Field. Mycobacterium chimaera<br />Contamination of Heater-Cooler Devices Used in Cardiac Surgery — United States. MMWR<br />Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1117–1118. </p><p>4. van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, Hasse B, Keller PM, et. al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;17(10):1033-1041. </p><p><i>Medication/Product </i></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Littlehorn C, Glodé MP, Dowell E, Xavier K, et. al. Association of Bacillus cereus infection with contaminated alcohol prep pads. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;33(7):666-71. </p><p>2. Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et. al. Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 6; 367(23): 2194–2203. </p><p>3. West K, Janelle S, Schutz K, Hamilton S, Mayo K, et. al. Outbreak of Serratia marcescens bacteremia in pediatric patients epidemiologically linked to pre-filled heparin flushes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Jul 25:1-2. </p><p>4. Hudson MJ, Park SC, Mathers A, Parikh H, Glowicz J, Dar D, Nabili M, LiPuma JJ, Bumford A, Pettengill MA, Sterner Jr MR. Outbreak of Burkholderia stabilis infections associated with contaminated nonsterile, multiuse ultrasound gel—10 states, May–September 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2022 Dec 12;71(48):1517. </p><p>5. CDC. Outbreak of Extensively Drug-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa Associated with Artificial Tears. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html</a>  </p><p>6. Schwartz NG, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Annambhotla P, Filardo TD, Althomsons SP, Free RJ, Li R, Wilson WW, Deutsch-Feldman M, Drees M, Hanlin E. Nationwide tuberculosis outbreak in the USA linked to a bone graft product: an outbreak report. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2022 Nov 1;22(11):1617-25. </p><p>7. Hartnett KP, Powell KM, Rankin D, Gable P, Kim JJ, Spoto S, Breaker E, Hunter R, Dotson N, McAllister G, Stevens V. Investigation of Bacterial Infections Among Patients Treated With Umbilical Cord Blood–Derived Products Marketed as Stem Cell Therapies. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2128615.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:29:51','2024-06-06 18:29:51','3bead6ef-86c5-404c-8145-c0f54f32c8c5'),(27597,27597,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:31:35','2024-06-06 18:31:35','b8ca5202-d062-4142-b54e-3648b0b630a8'),(27598,27598,1,NULL,'__temp_anpmslktaamiyuasjvkwpibcdgffwzbhlwdi',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:31:35','2024-06-06 18:31:35','49cb2e75-cda6-4f97-a2a7-6f969d1f7868'),(27601,27601,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:32:08','2024-06-06 18:32:08','6f5c26ab-78c9-4f68-b9e1-17968ac05b23'),(27602,27602,1,NULL,'__temp_gkfpjxoiqhimxggmufjvhqnfzxsegjqjbetn',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:32:08','2024-06-06 18:32:08','d40bb615-c89c-4b7e-8560-8a2797caf45d'),(27605,27605,1,'3 - Planning & Preparation','planning-preparation','chapters/planning-preparation','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Planning & Preparation\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 3, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Three\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:32:34','2024-06-06 18:32:34','f1291c41-b66c-4201-b4be-4f5666d3bdfc'),(27606,27606,1,NULL,'__temp_aaiguvstvispuzkxhsmzpkqyapyozrtgjkou',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:32:34','2024-06-06 18:32:34','06968e60-5919-45f4-a1f0-44e4ea796022'),(27609,27609,1,'4 - Outbreak Detection & Reporting','outbreak-detection-reporting','chapters/outbreak-detection-reporting','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 4, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Four\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:33:16','2024-06-06 18:33:16','781c75c7-9c0d-4166-ac78-630709344627'),(27610,27610,1,NULL,'__temp_pkbeddfzuapjyzuwppbxcbdstatuvfkxcxzo',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:33:16','2024-06-06 18:33:16','9f1301ea-b9a7-4f47-8a5b-6b68ecb4088b'),(27613,27613,1,'5 - Investigation & Control','investigation-control','chapters/investigation-control','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Investigation & Control\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 5, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Five\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:33:32','2024-06-06 18:33:32','fae38302-16bf-4faa-bcfe-a82005a8eb3a'),(27614,27614,1,NULL,'__temp_ulzlttcdjydjzaitdvlvudjehjnekwpeobwu',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:33:32','2024-06-06 18:33:32','0ab753a0-e184-4fb1-854b-1c69be723280'),(27617,27617,1,'6 - Laboratory Best Practices','laboratory-best-practices','chapters/laboratory-best-practices','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Laboratory Best Practices\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 6, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Six\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:33:45','2024-06-06 18:33:45','37fdd356-acdb-4dcb-97c4-eb3d0d187f56'),(27618,27618,1,NULL,'__temp_cbkkjecasdaeumsleftbhuqabkfqmrwbuhvt',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2023-06-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2023-06-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:33:46','2024-06-06 18:33:46','9c5fda40-99f7-4ad1-a850-d8e0863cf2d3'),(27621,27621,1,'7 - Multi-Facility & Jurisdiction','special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','chapters/special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Multi-Facility & Jurisdiction\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 7, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Seven\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:34:05','2024-06-06 18:34:05','9c6cd75e-c724-4b84-818e-8bd97ac5b33f'),(27622,27622,1,NULL,'__temp_xiynhoggqqbqadktrcrtbwphojhinxrnvsyh',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-06 07:00:00\"}, 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B\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:35:08','2024-06-06 18:35:08','64ce95fd-ba18-4a55-bc70-650ca8b67b9d'),(27627,27627,1,NULL,'__temp_zndcllrqbbkmdhgtcxffcefnczzzgfpbqfuf',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:35:08','2024-06-06 18:35:08','d096645f-cbc2-4d6d-b1d9-fc833bebd71b'),(27630,27630,1,'8 - Notification & Communication','notification-communication','chapters/notification-communication','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Notification & Communication\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 8, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Eight\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:35:26','2024-06-06 18:35:26','694d11bd-fddc-42e2-b37e-ec356df16c73'),(27631,27631,1,NULL,'__temp_uenkvharwanorjvowvyvoiucpwnlxnminhnw',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2023-06-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2023-06-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:35:26','2024-06-06 18:35:26','ee925160-d713-4fa0-960a-3df55b2fc697'),(27634,27634,1,'A - Medical Product Investigations','medical-product-investigations','chapters/medical-product-investigations','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Medical Product Investigations\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 9, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Supplement A\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:35:42','2024-06-06 18:35:42','150b4031-55cd-4bbd-8d1e-539ac636d89b'),(27635,27635,1,NULL,'__temp_afcejsjkicrdfkrrksbkwxvvdxidykcxexwq',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-03-01 08:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-03-01 08:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 18:35:42','2024-06-06 18:35:42','8bc1f72a-83d2-46c0-a617-9c412cddb5d7'),(27638,27638,1,NULL,'__temp_ujghalgjjkthcfrheqlldgnyzllwufakgdbz',NULL,'{\"0640481e-1b5e-4db5-b7d6-df2b008c94ea\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", 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true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-02-01 08:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"For local health departments\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": false}',1,'2024-06-06 18:37:45','2024-06-06 18:40:05','6638e681-4f63-4157-bdd2-af99ef3f6435'),(27642,27642,1,NULL,'__temp_krevhxiiqhkzwpkwnyoedmzbbokopzinalji',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Prevention and Control Manual\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-04 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/keep-mi-healthy/communicablediseases/diseasesandimmunization/overview-of-the-division-of-communicable-disease\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": false}',1,'2024-06-06 18:37:45','2024-06-06 18:40:05','76234c7f-7995-4724-b4bc-e249f6979f38'),(27646,27646,1,'B - Infection Control Breach Investigations','infection-control-breach-investigations','chapters/infection-control-breach-investigations','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Infection Control Breach\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 10, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Supplement B\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:39:48','2024-06-06 18:39:48','2dc233ab-c542-4a69-918a-fbde20930b56'),(27647,27647,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 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18:40:06','0bbcdca9-8d6b-495a-b694-03cccc4a8eae'),(27653,27653,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:40:06','2024-06-06 18:40:06','45728df0-560b-4131-9ab2-b0583a52267f'),(27654,27654,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:40:06','2024-06-06 18:40:06','3ad074bb-03a6-4234-9047-dfc5307fd430'),(27655,27655,1,NULL,'__temp_ujghalgjjkthcfrheqlldgnyzllwufakgdbz',NULL,'{\"0640481e-1b5e-4db5-b7d6-df2b008c94ea\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Prevention and Control Guidelines for Acute and Long-Term Care Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-01 07:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"For local health departments, healthcare facilities\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/acd/Diseases/ScabiesToolkit.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe 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\"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": false}',1,'2024-06-06 18:40:07','2024-06-06 18:40:07','c2263904-d2bf-4a8e-8012-2eb9fde741bf'),(27659,27659,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:40:07','2024-06-06 18:40:07','f312bf5d-fb07-4ff8-8084-35a36b018695'),(27660,27660,1,NULL,'__temp_krevhxiiqhkzwpkwnyoedmzbbokopzinalji',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Prevention and Control Manual\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-04 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/keep-mi-healthy/communicablediseases/diseasesandimmunization/overview-of-the-division-of-communicable-disease\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": false}',1,'2024-06-06 18:40:07','2024-06-06 18:40:07','0b281796-97e9-49f6-a510-9a83d82f00f1'),(27664,27664,1,NULL,'__temp_oiafbbxgbniwzxmofapotgjvjzrsxmrjsurr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>In Chapter 2, Fundamental Concepts, we review concepts related to healthcare and public health surveillance as well as trends in outbreak detection and response. </p><p>As healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) surveillance improves and outbreaks are recognized earlier, the public health and healthcare communities are better positioned to reduce patient harm from HAIs, AR pathogens, and healthcare outbreaks. </p><p>The ultimate goal of healthcare outbreak response is to rapidly detect 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healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) surveillance improves and outbreaks are recognized earlier, the public health and healthcare communities are better positioned to reduce patient harm from HAIs, AR pathogens, and healthcare outbreaks. </p><p>The ultimate goal of healthcare outbreak response is to rapidly detect and respond to potential outbreaks, ensuring that any unsafe practices are discovered and corrected before further harm can occur.</p><p><a>The chapter contains information on: </a></p><ul><li>Healthcare settings investigators may encounter as part of an HAI/AR outbreak response </li><li>Changes to healthcare delivery, regulations, funding, and public health capacity over time that have impacted HAI/AR surveillance practices and outbreak response activities</li><li>Trends in surveillance, including descriptions of systems used to identify potential outbreaks as well as types of outbreaks and other events to which public health routinely responds<strong> </strong></li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:42:08','2024-06-06 18:42:08','0d5d0269-8de6-4d89-b212-0651846ac757'),(27671,27671,1,NULL,'__temp_ujghalgjjkthcfrheqlldgnyzllwufakgdbz',NULL,'{\"0640481e-1b5e-4db5-b7d6-df2b008c94ea\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Prevention and Control Guidelines for Acute and Long-Term Care Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-01 07:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"For local health departments, healthcare facilities\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/acd/Diseases/ScabiesToolkit.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:44:20','2024-06-06 18:44:24','23ce65db-8326-49c4-888e-b4907c9c8763'),(27673,27673,1,NULL,'__temp_chdeihwanfclanyvojlhgvgrghapfvatzoas',NULL,'{\"0640481e-1b5e-4db5-b7d6-df2b008c94ea\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-02-01 08:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"For local health departments\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:44:20','2024-06-06 18:44:24','b79699fd-dc6a-4972-a44f-277472aa0cfc'),(27675,27675,1,NULL,'__temp_krevhxiiqhkzwpkwnyoedmzbbokopzinalji',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Prevention and Control Manual\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-04 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.michigan.gov/mdhhs/keep-mi-healthy/communicablediseases/diseasesandimmunization/overview-of-the-division-of-communicable-disease\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by whom.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:44:20','2024-06-06 18:44:24','738a8786-193f-4748-9a9d-900ae4828e76'),(27676,27676,1,'Scabies','scabies','diseases-pathogens/scabies',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:44:25','2024-06-06 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\"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:44:25','2024-06-06 18:44:25','e9074312-660c-4694-8b9e-537e9228c5e2'),(27679,27679,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 18:44:25','2024-06-06 18:44:25','bfec18ec-404a-46f2-b2d7-a217c360c985'),(27680,27680,1,NULL,'__temp_chdeihwanfclanyvojlhgvgrghapfvatzoas',NULL,'{\"0640481e-1b5e-4db5-b7d6-df2b008c94ea\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-02-01 08:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"For local health departments\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This summary or excerpt should describe the contents in enough detail that users do not have to guess when such a resource should be used, and by 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18:44:25','2024-06-06 18:44:25','c625b77a-9976-4a68-8ec1-8c9492cdbadc'),(27684,27684,1,'B - Infection Control Breach Investigations','infection-control-breach-investigations','chapters/infection-control-breach-investigations','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Breach Investigations\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 10, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Supplement B\"}',1,'2024-06-06 18:51:30','2024-06-06 18:51:30','3d1bf648-dd58-4cc9-9223-5736460bbaa1'),(27687,27687,1,NULL,'__temp_gyyxyaosndrmyibybwuakabethmotizwvlpd',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"MedWatch Online Voluntary Reporting Form\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Use this form to report a Bcc-related outbreak or product concern.\", 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{\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.fda.gov/drugs/drug-safety-and-availability/fda-advises-drug-manufacturers-burkholderia-cepacia-complex-poses-contamination-risk-non-sterile\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:51:55','2024-06-06 18:52:59','1eae4817-f97e-45ba-bc3f-f3bccf13d3b6'),(27693,27693,1,NULL,'__temp_tztcuixrozpicvthmqzccxsparleuheacjoo',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Burkholderia cepacia: This Decision Is Overdue\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.fda.gov/media/81867/download\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"FDA authors reviewed the regulatory and scientific impact of Bcc, describing FDA guidance, manufacturing control measures, and possible points of origin for microbial contamination.\", 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\"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/burkholderia-cepacia-complex-outbreak-linked-to-a-norinse-cleansing-foam-product-united-states-20172018/8ADC180852BDAB19E3E15512EDC248D5\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"An outbreak due to intrinsic contamination of a non-sterile skin cleanser product\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:51:55','2024-06-06 18:52:59','ce75347f-39b7-40bd-917f-638e445f4434'),(27701,27701,1,NULL,'__temp_rlwbfucqweuwvobrtqwvvphirdfnczagasrh',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Multistate Outbreak of Bcc Bloodstream Infections After Exposure to Contaminated Saline Flush Syringes — United States, 2016–2017\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6476681/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"An outbreak due to intrinsic contamination of injectable (sterile medical product) saline flushes\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:51:55','2024-06-06 18:52:59','cc3c2034-66ca-4557-9913-d719b8f18052'),(27703,27703,1,NULL,'__temp_fdpncqffhvqdwruxcofjowlonaakiubpjkbz',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"A multistate investigation of health care–associated Bcc infections related to liquid docusate sodium\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0196655317312877?\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"An outbreak due to an intrinsically contaminated non-sterile oral medication\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-06-06 18:51:55','2024-06-06 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The second module describes the common pathways through which healthcare outbreaks are detected. Modules three through seven describe the essential components of a healthcare outbreak response, including performing initial outbreak assessments, collecting and analyzing data, performing site visits, and much more.</p><p>Training content is based on The Council for Outbreak Response: Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens (CORHA) <i>Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</i>. This training is the product of a collaboration between CDC, CORHA, and CSTE.</p><p><strong>Learning Objectives:</strong> Over the seven modules, you will learn how outbreaks are detected and the fundamental components that comprise a typical healthcare outbreak investigation including how to complete an initial assessment; collect, organize, and interpret relevant information; develop hypotheses; and use data to inform control measures. 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You will acquire knowledge to effectively prepare for and conduct site visits, communicate with facilities and other partners, and determine when to transition back to standard surveillance.</p><p><strong>Target Audience:</strong> The primary audience for this training is public health professionals in state, territorial, and local Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (HAI/AR) Programs.</p><p><strong>Modules 5 through 7 will be available in 2024.</strong></p><p><strong>To access the course on CDC Train: </strong></p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration\\\"><strong>https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration</strong></a><strong> </strong></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 19:48:11','2024-06-06 19:56:25','2a309c28-3b8e-45ed-b55c-5a943c59be85'),(27756,27756,1,'Healthcare Outbreak Response Training Course','healthcare-outbreak-response-training-course','tools/healthcare-outbreak-response-training-course',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:52:33','2024-06-06 19:52:33','f275ae4c-af73-4e05-86db-f95a7ce93d93'),(27757,27757,1,NULL,'__temp_bvruoxyoaftmcgkhnzvbwyoqokyrvurbxewv',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Access a free interactive e-learning training course based on CORHA’s Principles &amp; Practices to learn key concepts needed to investigate a healthcare outbreak.</i></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 19:52:33','2024-06-06 19:52:33','5efb4bd7-05ed-4073-b80d-449fa7d9053a'),(27758,27758,1,NULL,'__temp_rbwxbhbkkwmcygyyybpbvpjojdjzwelbvrel',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:52:33','2024-06-06 19:52:33','a6f24062-88d6-4ee9-a579-ce9d1c342efe'),(27759,27759,1,NULL,'__temp_yenpfphgfdjzlyoelzxlqsnbtizsvnnixpgl',NULL,'{\"25408066-3b85-449b-9ac9-49eef328c2cc\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-06 07:00:00\"}, \"39a47072-9f48-45a8-b431-8d598b6f7978\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-06 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 19:52:33','2024-06-06 19:52:33','d68a1c46-0019-4f39-ad99-10a25967e760'),(27760,27760,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:52:33','2024-06-06 19:52:33','d98dc8b6-de84-4782-9fc7-a11ba1431358'),(27761,27761,1,NULL,'__temp_kgdhirmumsjndyehpfqixsncsciftpfvvbjj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Course Description:</strong> The Healthcare Outbreak Response Training introduces learners to key concepts needed to investigate a healthcare outbreak.</p><p>The first module provides an overview of healthcare outbreaks. The second module describes the common pathways through which healthcare outbreaks are detected. Modules three through seven describe the essential components of a healthcare outbreak response, including performing initial outbreak assessments, collecting and analyzing data, performing site visits, and much more.</p><p>Training content is based on The Council for Outbreak Response: Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens (CORHA) <i>Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</i>. This training is the product of a collaboration between CDC, CORHA, and CSTE.</p><p><strong>Learning Objectives:</strong> Over the seven modules, you will learn how outbreaks are detected and the fundamental components that comprise a typical healthcare outbreak investigation including how to complete an initial assessment; collect, organize, and interpret relevant information; develop hypotheses; and use data to inform control measures. You will understand how outbreak response activities are informed by epidemiological factors. You will acquire knowledge to effectively prepare for and conduct site visits, communicate with facilities and other partners, and determine when to transition back to standard surveillance.</p><p><strong>Target Audience:</strong> The primary audience for this training is public health professionals in state, territorial, and local Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (HAI/AR) Programs.</p><p><strong>Modules 5 through 7 will be available in 2024.</strong></p><p> </p><p><strong>To access the course on CDC Train: </strong><a href=\\\"https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration\\\"><strong>https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration</strong></a><strong> </strong></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 19:52:33','2024-06-06 19:52:33','c6ffaf49-c781-4313-a7c0-5af7a9720641'),(27762,27762,1,NULL,'__temp_ystbcssxtveawjhnubzsdmxavehougnnydla','tools/__temp_ystbcssxtveawjhnubzsdmxavehougnnydla',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:52:35','2024-06-06 19:52:39','85168ee6-68e5-4854-8ec8-a735adfa202b'),(27763,27763,1,NULL,'__temp_pfghxdbcrfjeyxhwsiegnzdcildqdbcpkyjw',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:52:38','2024-06-06 19:52:38','ae3e440d-04f4-48d6-bc09-90b80a1145a0'),(27766,27766,1,NULL,'__temp_kgdhirmumsjndyehpfqixsncsciftpfvvbjj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Course Description:</strong> The Healthcare Outbreak Response Training introduces learners to key concepts needed to investigate a healthcare outbreak.</p><p>The first module provides an overview of healthcare outbreaks. The second module describes the common pathways through which healthcare outbreaks are detected. Modules three through seven describe the essential components of a healthcare outbreak response, including performing initial outbreak assessments, collecting and analyzing data, performing site visits, and much more.</p><p>Training content is based on The Council for Outbreak Response: Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens (CORHA) <i>Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</i>. This training is the product of a collaboration between CDC, CORHA, and CSTE.</p><p><strong>Learning Objectives:</strong> Over the seven modules, you will learn how outbreaks are detected and the fundamental components that comprise a typical healthcare outbreak investigation including how to complete an initial assessment; collect, organize, and interpret relevant information; develop hypotheses; and use data to inform control measures. You will understand how outbreak response activities are informed by epidemiological factors. You will acquire knowledge to effectively prepare for and conduct site visits, communicate with facilities and other partners, and determine when to transition back to standard surveillance.</p><p><strong>Target Audience:</strong> The primary audience for this training is public health professionals in state, territorial, and local Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (HAI/AR) Programs.</p><p><strong>Modules 5 through 7 will be available in 2024.</strong></p><p><strong>To access the course on CDC Train: </strong></p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration\\\"><strong>https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration</strong></a><strong> </strong></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 19:55:35','2024-06-06 19:55:36','9b2209b2-0f4a-40a8-878b-db8c54058e77'),(27767,27767,1,'Healthcare Outbreak Response Training Course','healthcare-outbreak-response-training-course','tools/healthcare-outbreak-response-training-course',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:56:25','2024-06-06 19:56:25','a0c45fd1-108a-4d81-9649-a4dae6e9bde7'),(27768,27768,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 19:56:25','2024-06-06 19:56:25','d8528b8d-d569-48d5-95c0-0881160a0d2f'),(27769,27769,1,NULL,'__temp_kgdhirmumsjndyehpfqixsncsciftpfvvbjj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Course Description:</strong> The Healthcare Outbreak Response Training introduces learners to key concepts needed to investigate a healthcare outbreak.</p><p>The first module provides an overview of healthcare outbreaks. The second module describes the common pathways through which healthcare outbreaks are detected. Modules three through seven describe the essential components of a healthcare outbreak response, including performing initial outbreak assessments, collecting and analyzing data, performing site visits, and much more.</p><p>Training content is based on The Council for Outbreak Response: Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens (CORHA) <i>Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</i>. This training is the product of a collaboration between CDC, CORHA, and CSTE.</p><p><strong>Learning Objectives:</strong> Over the seven modules, you will learn how outbreaks are detected and the fundamental components that comprise a typical healthcare outbreak investigation including how to complete an initial assessment; collect, organize, and interpret relevant information; develop hypotheses; and use data to inform control measures. You will understand how outbreak response activities are informed by epidemiological factors. You will acquire knowledge to effectively prepare for and conduct site visits, communicate with facilities and other partners, and determine when to transition back to standard surveillance.</p><p><strong>Target Audience:</strong> The primary audience for this training is public health professionals in state, territorial, and local Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (HAI/AR) Programs.</p><p><strong>Modules 5 through 7 will be available in 2024.</strong></p><p><strong>To access the course on CDC Train: </strong></p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration\\\"><strong>https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration</strong></a><strong> </strong></p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 19:56:25','2024-06-06 19:56:25','47d2e80b-d53f-4f71-91d9-5a9e6bc707f1'),(27772,27772,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 8 Notification and Communication',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 20:30:42','2024-06-06 20:30:42','58808903-20e9-4504-b0f2-44640a825eb3'),(27773,27773,1,'8 - Notification & Communication','notification-communication','chapters/notification-communication','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Notification & Communication\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 8, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Eight\"}',1,'2024-06-06 20:30:47','2024-06-06 20:30:47','3fe54f7a-5629-4dd8-9303-f80b4432d33a'),(27774,27774,1,NULL,'__temp_kurtupcteapwhoerjtfdtrjtyzlznmybfkko',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 20:30:47','2024-06-06 20:30:47','fe8e6e4f-9dbf-4f14-9887-d95dbc8e8fe4'),(27775,27775,1,'Investigation of air dispersal during a rhinovirus outbreak in a pediatric intensive care unit','investigation-of-air-dispersal-during-a-rhinovirus-outbreak-in-a-pediatric-intensive-care-unit','outbreak-news/investigation-of-air-dispersal-during-a-rhinovirus-outbreak-in-a-pediatric-intensive-care-unit',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 20:56:02','2024-06-06 20:56:02','d7e97a5a-1118-4eda-9915-13149ebd0762'),(27776,27776,1,NULL,'__temp_lawpdmihebtzmeiakuwnkbcawjllfilmvzrh',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 20:56:02','2024-06-06 20:56:02','f6eb1789-42e9-46cd-9e4a-88e86635f8ab'),(27777,27777,1,NULL,'investigation-of-air-dispersal-during-a-rhinovirus-outbreak-in-a-pediatric-intensive-care-unit',NULL,'{\"46f8fcfe-c756-437a-ab02-62c34cb70433\": \"American Journal of Infection Control\", \"d327c84a-a0ba-403a-932c-9a807624e3ef\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-03 23:56:52\"}, \"f9e1c7bb-0351-432a-beb2-a1562d8f7e7e\": \"https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(23)00781-2/abstract\"}',1,'2024-06-06 20:56:04','2024-06-06 20:56:04','914f49e3-8260-4c14-82d3-8e84165102bd'),(27778,27778,1,NULL,'__temp_ynsamfqsrnuzpecounjyxigxwiqcraojqfkv','chapters/__temp_ynsamfqsrnuzpecounjyxigxwiqcraojqfkv',NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:33','2024-06-06 21:08:41','0b180863-c840-4daf-b403-ebc4db6c6a63'),(27779,27779,1,NULL,'__temp_jtywpqknrjdvjmdeghewqpoghubqolmotdjw',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:36','2024-06-06 21:08:36','17febcb6-7472-487e-8bd6-cdbdcdb3a171'),(27780,27780,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-10 00:20:49','77af2543-d63b-4392-896a-c29f5d79eba6'),(27781,27781,1,NULL,'__temp_uzoucsvhhrzyjqqombpthfudczbtgaxzrgay',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p>Learn basic concepts and trends in healthcare delivery, HAI/AR surveillance, outbreak detection, and response.</p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Fundamental Concepts\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-10 00:07:57','78c66900-c907-4d07-bcea-e0f76f33e8d9'),(27782,27782,1,NULL,'__temp_eoacrtyvzmbfchquvzyrzxrvwhwdsvqqpeer',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','c8807051-9cf8-42d1-8bbd-17360c484cda'),(27783,27783,1,NULL,'__temp_qeltmaysthbvpssbkkdkvucmabkcbavviiub',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','27f4bb76-2801-48a6-a5ab-fff26b92f8ac'),(27784,27784,1,NULL,'__temp_sihrpsoxsgefedkvviponhmikrxoarfykscr',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','bef65fa2-9cb0-491b-a730-9b0f397522af'),(27785,27785,1,NULL,'__temp_gkfpjxoiqhimxggmufjvhqnfzxsegjqjbetn',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','b9204ac6-f4a4-4d34-9ef3-3e1fb9828ace'),(27786,27786,1,NULL,'__temp_selqraxpxgpjwdfsilwyzxugzatmmmtrmbwn',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','a17cfa81-e156-402a-bf38-00dc60b333e1'),(27787,27787,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','76eee0a1-ff72-4da8-9214-9e1a3965facb'),(27788,27788,1,NULL,'__temp_oiafbbxgbniwzxmofapotgjvjzrsxmrjsurr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>In Chapter 2, Fundamental Concepts, we review concepts related to healthcare and public health surveillance as well as trends in outbreak detection and response. </p><p>As healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) surveillance improves and outbreaks are recognized earlier, the public health and healthcare communities are better positioned to reduce patient harm from HAIs, AR pathogens, and healthcare outbreaks. </p><p>The ultimate goal of healthcare outbreak response is to rapidly detect and respond to potential outbreaks, ensuring that any unsafe practices are discovered and corrected before further harm can occur.</p><p><a>The chapter contains information on: </a></p><ul><li>Healthcare settings investigators may encounter as part of an HAI/AR outbreak response </li><li>Changes to healthcare delivery, regulations, funding, and public health capacity over time that have impacted HAI/AR surveillance practices and outbreak response activities</li><li>Trends in surveillance, including descriptions of systems used to identify potential outbreaks as well as types of outbreaks and other events to which public health routinely responds<strong> </strong></li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','ece00346-ab57-4dd3-bd72-7cecf228727c'),(27789,27789,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','29866f7d-134a-47f5-80a2-9f3f36afb5e8'),(27790,27790,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h3>Introduction</h3>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','a3a15108-6a45-4252-be08-4b5033729336'),(27791,27791,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What are the general roles and responsibilities of various agencies during an outbreak?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','18285078-25f5-44fa-ac60-4ff639e9a2de'),(27792,27792,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What individual roles should the outbreak response team consist of, and what are their responsibilities?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','25e6b95a-b7db-4f3a-a3a1-5dae00a8b094'),(27793,27793,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What equipment, supplies, documents, toolkits, and other resources should a response team have?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','1f666a58-94b8-43be-8215-4ad4ff07ab46'),(27794,27794,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','bac18dc7-a5cc-4f09-ad1c-5845b55bb900'),(27795,27795,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h3>Protocol &amp; Responsibilities</h3>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','e5835fbc-058d-4374-a1d5-51f12f483a3c'),(27796,27796,1,NULL,'__temp_wwuzwabkhvorcsjufvnkxszoatptxljtxtxt',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What communication needs should an outbreak response team be prepared for?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','a0f9a9cb-127b-4eed-821b-f48ac9ace977'),(27797,27797,1,NULL,'__temp_rxkghzlplhxxolygneaqhcszcspjtdosahqw',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"How should an outbreak response team manage their records?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','3017e6b0-6c97-4586-b59c-94175fe9edcc'),(27798,27798,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"When should an outbreak response team ask for help, and who can provide it?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','0cf99ce8-174a-4b46-ad20-403f0f7a4810'),(27799,27799,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What is an incident command center?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','b6526af4-3a33-4497-993a-a2d2a9496e72'),(27800,27800,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','ea0140fa-5eff-4fec-814c-3006ed3c3996'),(27801,27801,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h3>Additional Topics</h3>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','739b957e-bd6d-438d-9bc4-b021b150645d'),(27802,27802,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"What other legal, ethical, or privacy concerns should be considered?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','1a841f67-69c3-41ce-93f1-837c7b0a2c53'),(27803,27803,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"How can an outbreak response team plan for recovery and follow up?\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Since states organize their governmental public health systems in diverse ways, the relative roles of local  and state health departments will vary. In states where governance is centralized, responsibility for conducting outbreak investigations rests primarily with state health departments. Conversely, in jurisdictions where governance is decentralized (“home rule” states), this responsibility may rest primarily with the local health department.</p>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','7c63336f-3af7-41bf-8806-6625d6a66af7'),(27804,27804,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','3bd7630e-cec0-4c97-9fa9-cee6d4244c97'),(27805,27805,1,NULL,'__temp_xolszmsyzjbyrhayzgedgrzvaflbdemscyru',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of August 1, 2022.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','d6119b51-82d2-48c3-b087-dce837dc0cd4'),(27806,27806,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','a1e5b8fe-ef57-40e8-a74a-7986e19621f6'),(27807,27807,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h3>January 5, 2024</h3><ul><li><strong>Added</strong> lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. </li><li><strong>Added</strong> etiam vulputate tincidunt vestibulum. </li><li><strong>Removed</strong> nulla semper est sem. </li><li><strong>Updated</strong> in nec sollicitudin nisi, eget viverra lectus. Phasellus at leo varius eros suscipit varius sit amet ut nisi. Cras sit amet ullamcorper erat. Vestibulum pretium luctus justo, at volutpat odio finibus nec. </li><li><strong>Removed</strong> praesent volutpat diam et vestibulum malesuada. Aenean cursus nibh a odio vehicula sodales. Sed pellentesque convallis neque ac tempor.</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','fc42c17b-5dab-4810-aa82-0e04e6a439be'),(27808,27808,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','e7f8dfd2-8be1-4b0a-93ef-2dca7169da8f'),(27809,27809,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h3>Previous Changes</h3>\"}',1,'2024-06-06 21:08:54','2024-06-06 21:08:54','6f58d03e-5b26-40eb-93cf-e4de82100b28'),(27810,27810,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"December 10, 2023\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<ul><li><strong>Added</strong> lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. </li><li><strong>Added</strong> etiam vulputate tincidunt vestibulum. </li><li><strong>Removed</strong> nulla semper est sem. </li><li><strong>Updated</strong> in nec sollicitudin nisi, eget viverra lectus. Phasellus at leo varius eros suscipit varius sit amet ut nisi. Cras sit amet ullamcorper erat. 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