(44626,44340,1,NULL,'__temp_emfqqzsiyecrzhfzdvgbcyxarwhgyoqugmze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Reducing Risk from Water, from Plumbing to Patients\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/toolkit/water-management.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Helpful information, resources, and tools for understanding and reducing infectious risks due to water-associated organisms.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','b3a91fc8-05f8-4a71-92e7-4d2750e0725d'),(44627,44341,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','4081dd03-f3e7-40c5-b6cb-5ee43eff6168'),(44628,44342,1,NULL,'__temp_zhvnoxdlgcqpalvuishokqfcfntlvoiaajyp',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Tap Water Quality and Infrastructure Discussion Guide for Investigation of Potential Water-Associated Infections in Healthcare Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/media/pdfs/water-quality-discussion-guide-p.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This guide provides an organized approach to identifying the potential sources of exposure.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','a9f7e23c-8614-4084-bf16-2f756c3c0cf7'),(44629,44343,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','8a6967a0-9efd-47f2-963b-447826c4ce5f'),(44630,44344,1,NULL,'__temp_lieyoafjcnckwlspkwjdscuwqdnjmvvgzwqn',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Healthcare Outbreaks Associated with a Water Reservoir and Infection Prevention Strategies\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/62/11/1423/1745014\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Literature review describing healthcare outbreaks associated with water, common transmission routes, and infection prevention strategies.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','c65b7799-0962-468c-ba54-40c15136e45f'),(44631,44345,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','de3e8c9c-db0c-4d24-a2d3-f9c8d060aae2'),(44632,44346,1,NULL,'__temp_djkscwdlhxnkuoptzewcmfvlhguiognhoaoo',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Tap Water Avoidance Decreases Rates of Hospital-onset Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8326555/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This outbreak response involved avoiding the use of nonsterile water and offers considerations for expanded use of this strategy.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','dd435bab-ba7a-4b6f-b91c-0861ed9aae50'),(44633,44347,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','b71464ef-7390-4410-82cf-b8e512881956'),(44634,44348,1,NULL,'__temp_qcogcnxwsqwechfabesvjowdsmnjcgeddymw',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Investigation of healthcare infection risks from water-related organisms: Summary of CDC consultations, 2014-2017\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/abs/investigation-of-healthcare-infection-risks-from-waterrelated-organisms-summary-of-cdc-consultations-20142017/0771439B1D60E697C52B37FC24944CC0\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Summary of water-associated organism outbreak consultations that details commonly encountered transmission routes associated with clinical care.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','b34f22de-9710-485f-ad4a-1a9af433387b'),(44635,44349,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','357daaa1-735e-4333-b10c-f8f19f678fbb'),(44636,44350,1,NULL,'__temp_pyqldwfwpqoqyliwjcqlfeuyyttezmnsqlbc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections linked to water-containing hospital equipment: a literature review\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://aricjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13756-021-00935-6\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This paper summarizes common hospital medical devices that use water and have led to outbreaks; the authors propose measures to help mitigate these risks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','05c8a0a9-38bb-46d0-a870-f48ce4374eff'),(44637,44351,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','68b731d9-0af9-4775-ae21-6884219b9fb5'),(44638,44352,1,NULL,'__temp_dxkllpryxvqfasjbweozfaxkhviwfnpkshze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Requirement to Reduce Legionella Risk in Healthcare Facility Water Systems to Prevent Cases and Outbreaks of Legionnaires’ Disease (LD)\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/QSO17-30-HospitalCAH-NH-REVISED-.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Outline of requirements for acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities regarding water management policies and procedures to reduce the risk of growth and spread of Legionella and other opportunistic pathogens.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-29 19:55:05','9d74f5aa-bc4d-42ab-b750-0a3f5964ca00'),(44639,44353,1,'Water Associated Organisms','water-associated-organisms','diseases-pathogens/water-associated-organisms',NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','0e7002c8-cba5-40d9-8fef-775c854de29c'),(44640,44354,1,NULL,'__temp_roqevoidgtkjifqthynxphayebbabjemnesy',NULL,'{\"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Water Associated Organisms\"}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','32099448-6489-44ab-a35d-894eb913cadd'),(44641,44355,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:13','2024-07-25 20:09:13','365999aa-8a32-454a-b81c-c4dbccf0c261'),(44642,44356,1,NULL,'__temp_rwlpacukoilaobdjruttbkelpdngvkaclcfo',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>Healthcare facilities often have complex distribution pathways and other features which serve as a favorable environment for the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens such as nontuberculous mycobacteria and <i>Legionella</i>, among many others. Water-associated organisms have caused many outbreaks in healthcare settings and these outbreaks can be challenging to detect and control. This page offers a collection of resources to assist with water-related outbreak detection and response. CORHA\'s <a href=\\\"{entry:17663@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/diseases-pathogens/nontuberculous-mycobacteria-ntm}\\\">Nontuberculous mycobacteria</a>, <a href=\\\"{entry:2851@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/diseases-pathogens/b-cepacia}\\\"><i>Burkholderia cepacia</i></a>, and <a href=\\\"{entry:15944@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/diseases-pathogens/legionella}\\\">Legionella</a> resource pages offer additional detailed information.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Water Associated Organisms\"}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','b8f7edbc-dbb0-432a-acfc-5c2bc0b746c3'),(44643,44357,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','e0b47980-dbd9-4f7a-93ea-1b1c9ce5023b'),(44644,44358,1,NULL,'__temp_yufidpfxmtetnedwvuusixjcjohyfvapttdk',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Read more\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Routine clinical care can result in exposure and transmission, either directly or indirectly, from sinks, showers, toilets, and ice machines. Patients also may be exposed to these organisms through medical products (i.e., medications and medical devices), which can become contaminated at the point of manufacture or at the healthcare facility through improper handling (e.g., storage, preparation, or administration of the products near water sources).</p>\"}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','81095580-9a83-410e-9a53-fc0885651726'),(44645,44359,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','a7abd5f3-a164-409a-9e77-b6e1f53c1339'),(44646,44360,1,NULL,'__temp_emfqqzsiyecrzhfzdvgbcyxarwhgyoqugmze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Reducing Risk from Water, from Plumbing to Patients\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/toolkit/water-management.html?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/hai/prevent/environment/water.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Helpful information, resources, and tools for understanding and reducing infectious risks due to water-associated organisms.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','2b9be715-d447-47b9-8092-cdee5622eb6c'),(44647,44361,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','9942ba02-03eb-4ad8-b870-991bc65f141f'),(44648,44362,1,NULL,'__temp_zhvnoxdlgcqpalvuishokqfcfntlvoiaajyp',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Tap Water Quality and Infrastructure Discussion Guide for Investigation of Potential Water-Associated Infections in Healthcare Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, 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\"8d07cb41-da70-4198-9c8d-e5de926d4a0d\": {\"date\": \"2016-06-01 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/62/11/1423/1745014\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Literature review describing healthcare outbreaks associated with water, common transmission routes, and infection prevention strategies.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','c4d0ab07-0a0e-4a2e-9782-1e32a7eb20e0'),(44651,44365,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','b38203eb-6820-4575-8eb9-66aba15e3af4'),(44652,44366,1,NULL,'__temp_djkscwdlhxnkuoptzewcmfvlhguiognhoaoo',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Tap Water Avoidance Decreases Rates of Hospital-onset Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"8d07cb41-da70-4198-9c8d-e5de926d4a0d\": {\"date\": \"2023-08-01 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8326555/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This outbreak response involved avoiding the use of nonsterile water and offers considerations for expanded use of this strategy.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','e5a585f3-148f-4130-8ceb-799691f612d3'),(44653,44367,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','83fc3b89-220d-44bd-a349-f932c381a91e'),(44654,44368,1,NULL,'__temp_qcogcnxwsqwechfabesvjowdsmnjcgeddymw',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Investigation of healthcare infection risks from water-related organisms: Summary of CDC consultations, 2014-2017\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"8d07cb41-da70-4198-9c8d-e5de926d4a0d\": {\"date\": \"2019-04-03 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/abs/investigation-of-healthcare-infection-risks-from-waterrelated-organisms-summary-of-cdc-consultations-20142017/0771439B1D60E697C52B37FC24944CC0\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Summary of water-associated organism outbreak consultations that details commonly encountered transmission routes associated with clinical care.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','25e8396c-6fef-419f-9c2e-f85989ae9458'),(44655,44369,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','177423a6-fe59-4ccd-8ef4-e89704885cb0'),(44656,44370,1,NULL,'__temp_pyqldwfwpqoqyliwjcqlfeuyyttezmnsqlbc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections linked to water-containing hospital equipment: a literature review\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"8d07cb41-da70-4198-9c8d-e5de926d4a0d\": {\"date\": \"2021-05-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://aricjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13756-021-00935-6\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This paper summarizes common hospital medical devices that use water and have led to outbreaks; the authors propose measures to help mitigate these risks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','259f9805-e53d-41aa-8518-d839a19e9a3e'),(44657,44371,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-25 20:09:14','2024-07-25 20:09:14','2174e261-5a6e-4de2-b72f-bb178f80949a'),(44658,44372,1,NULL,'__temp_dxkllpryxvqfasjbweozfaxkhviwfnpkshze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, 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\"Inter-Facility Infection Control Transfer Form\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/media/pdfs/interfacility-ic-transfer-form-508.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This toolfosters communication about C. auris colonization and infection at transitions of care, essential to preventing further spread.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:12:31','2024-07-29 19:12:31','02262851-fb25-40a1-a176-02620d971c86'),(44928,44637,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:12:31','2024-07-29 19:12:31','2d2302fe-21c0-4366-8f85-1f028364e8fe'),(44929,44638,1,NULL,'__temp_vvlxghjhqexglvavvjczjbeltdcvwppxlwam',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Implementation of Personal Protective Equipment Use in Nursing Homes to Prevent the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant 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It clarifies the precautions needed based on the population at risk and the regional prevalence of C. auris.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:12:31','2024-07-29 19:12:31','38ae4d04-c389-4002-9bf9-d1ff78e6fe5f'),(44951,44660,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:23:16','2024-07-29 19:23:16','799e2f19-1210-4783-830c-59ce2c93df88'),(44952,44661,1,NULL,'__temp_hsnnhimrxeckfcordisvncnssbxgwaokkxcg',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Example line list and data collection tool for a Bcc outbreak investigation\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-29 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Example-Line-List-and-Data-Collection-Tool.xlsx\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This form can be adapted by adjusting the fields to collect the specific case and exposure information relevant to the 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\"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7194853/pdf/CMR.00139-19.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This article summarizes Bcc outbreaks and describes the mechanisms behind pharmaceutical product contamination.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','58d13de3-7f0a-46d3-9aa6-a9751c585686'),(44966,44675,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','71b525bb-7806-4af1-8c6e-33900f4be7f0'),(44967,44676,1,NULL,'__temp_zhtsumbkodbulmcqwfmpqroytrhdpgvyzbbj',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Systematic review of healthcare-associated B. cepacia\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8335909/pdf/main.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This systematic review summarizes the investigation and control of 111 Bcc healthcare-associated outbreaks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','0267891a-7d5f-4ed5-9c5d-60651d9bfd94'),(44968,44677,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','b041b7a0-19ca-4e7e-9314-aca2c6c6e542'),(44969,44678,1,NULL,'__temp_zaqafmavkfqhzybtepzxtuljmhvagumydjmp',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Bcc outbreak linked to a no-rinse cleansing foam product, United States – 2017–2018\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/epidemiology-and-infection/article/burkholderia-cepacia-complex-outbreak-linked-to-a-norinse-cleansing-foam-product-united-states-20172018/8ADC180852BDAB19E3E15512EDC248D5\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"An outbreak due to intrinsic contamination of a non-sterile skin cleanser product\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','69c9d3d2-4980-46d9-b2f5-76f6fd598207'),(44970,44679,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','cc7274b4-e007-41a6-9b82-05207a29501b'),(44971,44680,1,NULL,'__temp_rlwbfucqweuwvobrtqwvvphirdfnczagasrh',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Multistate Outbreak of Bcc Bloodstream Infections After Exposure to Contaminated Saline Flush Syringes — United States, 2016–2017\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, 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\"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"An outbreak due to an intrinsically contaminated non-sterile oral medication\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:23:17','2024-07-29 19:23:17','be6de14f-236d-47ca-96cf-659358ffbb29'),(44989,44698,1,'Candida auris','c-auris','diseases-pathogens/c-auris',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','4acf4b7f-8700-413a-8ae6-35ecd2b12190'),(44990,44699,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','338a8962-c63d-493d-bc65-a2aff1d9c75a'),(44991,44700,1,NULL,'__temp_xnefwmcxgxryloedzmdvdgpzhhjqthftraze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Candida auris: Recommended Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/08/Candida-auris-Recommendations-for-Healthcare-Outbreak-Response.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CORHA developed product includes proposed investigation/reporting thresholds and an outbreak definition for C. auris.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','a27db817-73ca-4457-90f2-cd1af2861812'),(44992,44701,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','1e112daa-bac7-4471-b63f-235bc2cc379f'),(44993,44702,1,NULL,'__temp_qmhcxyvtsbbfepftnwkiivogawelgczjtxsi',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Infection Control Guidance: Candida auris\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/candida-auris/hcp/infection-control/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CDC product outlines measures to control C. auris including setting-specific guidance.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','f153f736-0beb-4815-8c96-a235887c2d33'),(44994,44703,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','5c72ad60-b931-48d6-984d-93c333524a94'),(44995,44704,1,NULL,'__temp_odwrxknpunbllrstogttzfwrmsxyltsxnctc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Screening for Candida auris Colonization\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/candida-auris/hcp/screening-hcp/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CDC resource provides detailed recommendations on screening for C. auris colonization.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 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\"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Inter-Facility Infection Control Transfer Form\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/media/pdfs/interfacility-ic-transfer-form-508.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This tool fosters communication about C. auris colonization and infection at transitions of care, essential to preventing further spread.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','02ea896d-dc05-4ac7-846c-df991de53b7f'),(45002,44711,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','7eb251c2-1dd7-4193-856b-31777b6dd799'),(45003,44712,1,NULL,'__temp_vvlxghjhqexglvavvjczjbeltdcvwppxlwam',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Implementation of Personal Protective Equipment Use in Nursing Homes to Prevent the Spread of Multidrug-Resistant Organisms\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/long-term-care-facilities/hcp/prevent-mdro/ppe.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This long term care facility specific guidance provides an alternative to Contact Precautions. It clarifies the precautions needed based on the population at risk and the regional prevalence of C. auris.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:26:29','2024-07-29 19:26:29','4f9f8115-f77a-44f7-8651-7a51d674c635'),(45013,44722,1,'Clostridioides difficile','c-diff','diseases-pathogens/c-diff',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:28:02','2024-07-29 19:28:02','18968217-82fa-42db-af27-8941ebe866d9'),(45014,44723,1,NULL,'__temp_mcpayctrkfgazliqngkcnqsnzbsbazjwvpkk',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Also referred to as \'C. diff\' or CDI; formerly Clostridium difficile </i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Clostridioides difficile\"}',1,'2024-07-29 19:28:02','2024-07-29 19:28:02','ed730656-43f1-451b-83c1-ec275510656e'),(45015,44724,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Bacteria\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-29 19:28:02','2024-07-29 19:28:02','1e378330-be6e-41a9-9373-7325467f3e71'),(45016,44725,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:28:02','2024-07-29 19:28:02','e809dfff-5ec8-493c-8129-05695bb6dff1'),(45017,44726,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:28:02','2024-07-29 19:28:02','61bb64c1-4263-4b12-b673-f9536a2104be'),(45018,44727,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:28:02','2024-07-29 19:28:02','4e25d742-1ee6-4b38-9b04-8d00e2601616'),(45019,44728,1,NULL,'__temp_dwgqrcejrkxdcgpttgcpadyfsckfcycslotc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI): Recommendations for Healthcare Outbreak Response\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"Health Departments, Healthcare Facilities\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"http://staging.corha.astriatawiki.com/assets/documents/CDI-Recommendations-for-Healthcare-Outbreak-Response.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CORHA-developed product includes thresholds for investigation and reporting of a possible Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) outbreak. 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\"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/COVID-19-HC-Outbreak-Definition-Guidance_January-2024.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"These proposed investigation/reporting thresholds and outbreak definitions are provided to support the early detection of possible outbreaks and timely intervention to prevent transmission.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:29:53','2024-07-29 19:29:53','59c58465-bdee-4fb5-ad36-883a2b9295d5'),(45043,44752,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:29:53','2024-07-29 19:29:53','bacb0f9e-d94c-40a2-baba-824475679960'),(45044,44753,1,NULL,'__temp_arjjquljsgcwzmvrzpqzbskknongblwhmpwv',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Preventing Transmission of Viral Respiratory Pathogens in Healthcare Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, 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\"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/long-term-care-facilities/hcp/respiratory-virus-toolkit/?CDC_AAref_Val=https://www.cdc.gov/longtermcare/prevention/viral-respiratory-toolkit.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This toolkit was published at the start of the 2023-2024 respiratory virus season, alongside general healthcare setting guidance, and serves as a setting-specific resource for nursing homes and long-term care facilities.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:29:53','2024-07-29 19:29:53','79910583-7b94-491c-9a90-f831b222984d'),(45047,44756,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:29:53','2024-07-29 19:29:53','bda19a8f-8f53-4292-830d-b6904e0ae261'),(45048,44757,1,NULL,'__temp_lmmacgglecopwpdkamthpsqhkxqyjzzdxvtv',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Interim Infection Prevention and Control Recommendations for Healthcare 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\"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Compilation of links to helpful resources from state health departments including sample line lists and facility letters; CDC\'s interfacility infection control transfer form is also included.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:41:18','2024-07-29 19:41:18','026e27e9-b50b-4ece-b070-0b94c812f7c0'),(45125,44834,1,'Group A Streptococcus','group-a-streptococcus','diseases-pathogens/group-a-streptococcus',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','9ab4ca66-e6a4-4745-9bf5-7bb0e2bca92a'),(45126,44835,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','d792e3b2-f726-46aa-a5b2-70be75e8a47e'),(45127,44836,1,NULL,'__temp_rvkopaqsbubmmvejrxhiekmarmexwnzdniwm',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Decision Tool for Investigating GAS Infections in Long-Term Care Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/group-a-strep/php/ltcf-toolkit/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This toolkit outlines detailed actions that investigators should consider, depending on the number of cases of GAS identified.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','d5979c67-7a7f-45b8-b3eb-7934cb921d72'),(45128,44837,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','ecb02099-18a8-4b15-aa48-6a22e65b1143'),(45129,44838,1,NULL,'__temp_tguaffzxjjypaculktbdqpkfvaohqtbghjqh',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Additional GAS Investigation Resources\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/group-a-strep/php/ltcf-toolkit/resources.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Compilation of links to helpful resources from state health departments including sample line lists and facility letters; CDC\'s interfacility infection control transfer form is also included.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','9c103ea5-5751-4923-91b5-a94e6db21e37'),(45130,44839,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','4751d613-5533-4340-b245-aa6493d1bc17'),(45131,44840,1,NULL,'__temp_vuzqxxcouacsacxfjiewyuxxkmpoeqywvlhc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Prevention of iGAS among household contacts of case patients and among postpartum and postsurgical patients; recommendations from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12355382/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Recommendations for controlling iGAS among exposed household contacts and for responding to postpartum and postsurgical iGAS.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','cf7b48d1-8b6a-4b79-b2a6-291a71963e6c'),(45132,44841,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','e6b48959-353a-4fc3-b5fb-b623cb5ea1b8'),(45133,44842,1,NULL,'__temp_dwsoomkpzmmvotnvjgklzuaiiajdnypxnxnp',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"A Cluster of Group A Streptococcal Infections in a Skilled Nursing Facility—the Potential Role of Healthcare Worker Presenteeism\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5742861/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Outbreak report that examined the role of working while ill, or “presenteeism,” in the introduction and transmission of GAS within a skilled nursing facility.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','8050657a-f61e-481d-b9d1-17a114daabe0'),(45134,44843,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','0bd41487-ec5e-4333-a3be-3c1381ebddfc'),(45135,44844,1,NULL,'__temp_otftwxpcqnfrnoryhdbkusswaalvrjzxtjjh',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"ICAR Observation Form - Wound Care\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/infection-control/media/pdfs/icar-ipc-obs-form-wound-care-508.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Audit tool to help identify infection control issues during wound care, a common source of GAS transmission in LTC outbreaks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:42:15','2024-07-29 19:42:15','263aa660-5eec-434b-99d7-14a6e1a410a7'),(45150,44859,1,'Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis','ekc','diseases-pathogens/ekc',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','375f85d1-b0f1-4f2f-ab5a-bbc154d9f2e5'),(45151,44860,1,NULL,'__temp_syqlioqvmfwwkdyozssjibxyoksivaimtuxn',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Also referred to as EKC, severe viral conjunctivitis, or pink eye</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis\"}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','cce4a467-f490-4774-98f5-ee068ffd12cb'),(45152,44861,1,NULL,'__temp_gnqxifcfdtguttuniqunqojmswdaihfavyed',NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Virus\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2022-10-01 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2021-02-01 08:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','64b96460-bc42-4871-8244-99a65903d418'),(45153,44862,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','83926786-d956-4618-bf54-c1a2762bcb83'),(45154,44863,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','0b01bb81-5aa6-461f-9813-d40dab46a1b8'),(45155,44864,1,NULL,'__temp_sseqicjaqacbrgitdiqarfslhndqaftaxqcp',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Read more\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Key measures to prevent and control EKC transmission in healthcare settings include: </p><ul><li>Strict adherence to hand hygiene,</li><li>Use of disposable gloves for contact with eye secretions,</li><li>Effective environmental cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and equipment,</li><li>Using single use equipment and eye drops,</li><li>Cohorting of suspected conjunctivitis patients, and </li><li>Work restrictions for symptomatic healthcare personnel.</li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','1e0b4f5f-e1d1-4e2e-acce-a17846f0c48f'),(45156,44865,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','f0ea5af2-3a12-4281-b3ab-441941d3d900'),(45157,44866,1,NULL,'__temp_axxbiufulhlhgjcxhxdyksgsnxreewobaywa',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Prevent Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/hcp/infection-control-ekc/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This resource provides cleaning and disinfection guidance for opthalmologic healthcare settings.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','d23a457c-e29b-4774-8a5e-e3c5251a1669'),(45158,44867,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','88d6179d-130f-43b5-aec5-0b6d85becc8c'),(45159,44868,1,NULL,'__temp_exgohiqdmyewgvuucwzrodipwluabuazjezf',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Sample Line List\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2023-09-02 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Sample-EKC-Line-List.xlsx\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This is a ready-to-use template to document epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) outbreak information.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','db9c1c9e-3738-4edf-828b-6de74dd160c3'),(45160,44869,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','5ef53c41-6273-48f9-93b6-662f69a569b4'),(45161,44870,1,NULL,'__temp_lvdujnegnjelanflaysjgkhpwxiovnjyhyvb',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Sample Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) Outbreak Patient Letter\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-22 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Sample-EKC-Patient-Letter.doc\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This resource provides sample language for healthcare facilities communicating with patients on epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) outbreaks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','1d101ec7-9d4e-434f-bb2d-05652f634a76'),(45162,44871,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','6856c723-9832-4f70-b93b-ed1bcb31d7c5'),(45163,44872,1,NULL,'__temp_wmsbktpozkcuekkhojrqiawwygtxtejasytv',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Adenovirus-Associated Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis Outbreaks — Four States, 2008–2010\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2013-08-16 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6232a1.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CDC MMWR summarizes EKC investigations across four states and recommends outbreak control measures.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:47:06','2024-07-29 19:47:06','d9ff3c79-bc41-4435-b799-f49607751028'),(45174,44883,1,'Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis','ekc','diseases-pathogens/ekc',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','fb184890-d8d0-475f-8d7b-d62c5b3dd397'),(45175,44884,1,NULL,'__temp_gnqxifcfdtguttuniqunqojmswdaihfavyed',NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Virus\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-29 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2021-02-01 08:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','77cf4b13-b419-40df-ae5f-a542e49b906d'),(45176,44885,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','a6f0d815-0e83-4081-b627-23a3a35344bb'),(45177,44886,1,NULL,'__temp_axxbiufulhlhgjcxhxdyksgsnxreewobaywa',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Prevent Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/conjunctivitis/hcp/infection-control-ekc/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This resource provides cleaning and disinfection guidance for opthalmologic healthcare settings.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','908bd660-22eb-454d-b219-800e60bfcd55'),(45178,44887,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','725e4b2f-a904-434a-ab7a-d41e2427a093'),(45179,44888,1,NULL,'__temp_exgohiqdmyewgvuucwzrodipwluabuazjezf',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Sample Line List\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2023-09-02 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Sample-EKC-Line-List.xlsx\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This is a ready-to-use template to document epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) outbreak information.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','5c01ca23-61df-4f80-8b41-61c32ed484b5'),(45180,44889,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','a56b65e2-b1ab-402c-a282-b4f10681f08a'),(45181,44890,1,NULL,'__temp_lvdujnegnjelanflaysjgkhpwxiovnjyhyvb',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Sample Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) Outbreak Patient Letter\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-22 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/Sample-EKC-Patient-Letter.doc\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This resource provides sample language for healthcare facilities communicating with patients on epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) outbreaks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','7a322036-db42-4a4f-926d-a981a876e876'),(45182,44891,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:48:12','2024-07-29 19:48:12','51594144-d30c-4d94-9f06-a9657beee0e6'),(45183,44892,1,NULL,'__temp_wmsbktpozkcuekkhojrqiawwygtxtejasytv',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Adenovirus-Associated Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis Outbreaks — Four States, 2008–2010\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2013-08-16 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6232a1.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CDC MMWR summarizes EKC investigations across four states and recommends outbreak control measures.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:48:13','2024-07-29 19:48:13','3df86e74-f5b6-425a-9727-4980f15dc5b2'),(45195,44904,1,'Influenza','influenza','diseases-pathogens/influenza',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','4fe0f090-d90d-4938-a88b-40187f77de4e'),(45196,44905,1,NULL,'__temp_lazwnamwkwfbioglswfgcirioyrqgzvpurkz',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Also called influenza virus or flu</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Influenza\"}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','bcd49f85-0b4d-4056-9c44-60b5b70b65a2'),(45197,44906,1,NULL,'__temp_zhqxxlshkypwlrwnwxvafddxtlwyxlgwmyzt',NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Virus\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','7ec18549-cbb4-46d4-83eb-70ae979e2c5e'),(45198,44907,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','847b4129-cc49-440a-9480-c2cec5e15d2f'),(45199,44908,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','a398c7ef-394b-4951-9be2-9c546971e6a9'),(45200,44909,1,NULL,'__temp_noxjsfsmguajuhzzkvzwuseloaysvjxbyqza',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"CORHA Thresholds for Reporting and Investigating Cases of Influenza\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-thresholds-for-reporting-and-investigating-cases-of-influenza/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Suggested thresholds to expedite facilities’ investigation of cases and reporting to public health.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','e3d9b361-48ae-4678-a88d-e67feca70289'),(45201,44910,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','348ee26a-0c31-4289-92ed-67ae2eda14cb'),(45202,44911,1,NULL,'__temp_ghlgdysibyyfhhemxjocrfigxnqpjpejhgpl',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Interim Guidance for Influenza Outbreak Management in Long-Term Care and Post-Acute Care Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/flu/professionals/infectioncontrol/ltc-facility-guidance.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Recommended measures for nursing homes and skilled nursing facilities for suspected or confirmed influenza outbreaks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','e2869034-baa8-4a7e-b594-84c7c410e8d9'),(45203,44912,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','6cfb0fb4-5eff-4248-8be5-a9b0f3fdda9d'),(45204,44913,1,NULL,'__temp_etkayuqygpefzuphglzcdhyujvjkbimqtzsb',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Preventing Transmission of Viral Respiratory Pathogens in Healthcare Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/infectioncontrol/guidelines/viral/prevent-viral.html#:~:text=Preventing%20Transmission%20of%20Viral%20Respiratory%20Pathogens%20in%20Healthcare,6.%20Monitor%20and%20Manage%20Ill%20Healthcare%20Personnel%20\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Guidance for preventing all types of viral respiratory pathogens, including influenza virus and SARS-CoV-2 infection, in healthcare settings.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','48973afe-6848-4af8-be1e-3def155bc550'),(45205,44914,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','6b46f777-2fd4-4eb2-b38d-bd620c1b871c'),(45206,44915,1,NULL,'__temp_hgkkvtvsjwqftfilechyyxvbclvhcmsdgrjh',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Viral Respiratory Pathogens Toolkit for Nursing Homes\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/longtermcare/prevention/viral-respiratory-toolkit.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"A setting-specific resource that includes advice on outbreak control measures spanning infuenza, RSV, SARS-CoV-2, and more.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','a438057d-8dff-4b1f-9cbe-2b0111807bad'),(45207,44916,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','23588356-0cfd-47d1-9b55-a93c43cc95b8'),(45208,44917,1,NULL,'__temp_tddoaxzxqjbgyhcepltnzzxeygclrtcrrmpp',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Example of Annual Long Term Care Facility Infuenza Letter\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://dph.illinois.gov/content/dam/soi/en/web/idph/publications/idph/topics-and-services/diseases-and-conditions/influenza/influenza-ltcf-outbreak-guidance_202324.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Preventing and control guidance with reporting requirements for a suspected or confirmed outbreak influenza outbreak\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:52:18','2024-07-29 19:52:18','858c82cd-9b2e-4034-9f9b-7a08481ae95c'),(45227,44936,1,'Water-Associated Organisms','water-associated-organisms','diseases-pathogens/water-associated-organisms',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','f711e80f-a7ac-4697-89b7-11f77441c146'),(45228,44937,1,NULL,'__temp_roqevoidgtkjifqthynxphayebbabjemnesy',NULL,'{\"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Water-Associated Organisms\"}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','dafc8986-88f0-4f65-921b-e4f67eb1ac54'),(45229,44938,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','7682b8b9-7a5d-47ce-b009-e609fe0ff908'),(45230,44939,1,NULL,'__temp_rwlpacukoilaobdjruttbkelpdngvkaclcfo',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>Healthcare facilities often have complex distribution pathways and other features which serve as a favorable environment for the proliferation of opportunistic pathogens such as nontuberculous mycobacteria and <i>Legionella</i>, among many others. Water-associated organisms have caused many outbreaks in healthcare settings and these outbreaks can be challenging to detect and control. This page offers a collection of resources to assist with water-related outbreak detection and response. CORHA\'s <a href=\\\"{entry:17663@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/diseases-pathogens/nontuberculous-mycobacteria-ntm}\\\">Nontuberculous mycobacteria</a>, <a href=\\\"{entry:2851@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/diseases-pathogens/b-cepacia}\\\"><i>Burkholderia cepacia</i></a>, and <a href=\\\"{entry:15944@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/diseases-pathogens/legionella}\\\">Legionella</a> resource pages offer additional detailed information.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"About Water-Associated Organisms\"}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','065b00df-9d60-4e1e-b14f-5187ba08660e'),(45231,44940,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','747cfefa-d93e-4327-80e5-9a34ecfef034'),(45232,44941,1,NULL,'__temp_emfqqzsiyecrzhfzdvgbcyxarwhgyoqugmze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Reducing Risk from Water, from Plumbing to Patients\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/php/toolkit/water-management.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Helpful information, resources, and tools for understanding and reducing infectious risks due to water-associated organisms.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','257b5100-fc96-47af-b8cf-a75c085df8ef'),(45233,44942,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','bfe10a86-0fed-4bc3-8519-7b2dbbfa6571'),(45234,44943,1,NULL,'__temp_zhvnoxdlgcqpalvuishokqfcfntlvoiaajyp',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Tap Water Quality and Infrastructure Discussion Guide for Investigation of Potential Water-Associated Infections in Healthcare Facilities\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/healthcare-associated-infections/media/pdfs/water-quality-discussion-guide-p.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This guide provides an organized approach to identifying the potential sources of exposure.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','98619432-2037-4e79-8144-28a56b364f5f'),(45235,44944,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','563c06ad-7215-4dd7-9641-5496f9bda716'),(45236,44945,1,NULL,'__temp_lieyoafjcnckwlspkwjdscuwqdnjmvvgzwqn',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Healthcare Outbreaks Associated with a Water Reservoir and Infection Prevention Strategies\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://academic.oup.com/cid/article/62/11/1423/1745014\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Literature review describing healthcare outbreaks associated with water, common transmission routes, and infection prevention strategies.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','6993e063-f6d1-458b-b89e-8944fca45236'),(45237,44946,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','bf095c76-f9c5-4e35-8155-040a22bb61ef'),(45238,44947,1,NULL,'__temp_djkscwdlhxnkuoptzewcmfvlhguiognhoaoo',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Tap Water Avoidance Decreases Rates of Hospital-onset Pulmonary Nontuberculous Mycobacteria\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8326555/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This outbreak response involved avoiding the use of nonsterile water and offers considerations for expanded use of this strategy.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','477a057d-1ada-4404-85b5-2540e7f9bd8a'),(45239,44948,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','ea5aa256-8688-48c9-a7cd-7b3548eef181'),(45240,44949,1,NULL,'__temp_qcogcnxwsqwechfabesvjowdsmnjcgeddymw',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Investigation of healthcare infection risks from water-related organisms: Summary of CDC consultations, 2014-2017\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/infection-control-and-hospital-epidemiology/article/abs/investigation-of-healthcare-infection-risks-from-waterrelated-organisms-summary-of-cdc-consultations-20142017/0771439B1D60E697C52B37FC24944CC0\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Summary of water-associated organism outbreak consultations that details commonly encountered transmission routes associated with clinical care.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','76cd4616-516d-4918-9e56-c1c8f86c052c'),(45241,44950,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','d62a916a-edf3-47ca-bcea-b9a3b20409bb'),(45242,44951,1,NULL,'__temp_pyqldwfwpqoqyliwjcqlfeuyyttezmnsqlbc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections linked to water-containing hospital equipment: a literature review\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://aricjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13756-021-00935-6\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This paper summarizes common hospital medical devices that use water and have led to outbreaks; the authors propose measures to help mitigate these risks.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','617bf3ab-2d51-471a-b3fa-4e9738c5e7cd'),(45243,44952,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','c0c2ecf1-ad98-449f-8c56-d7612b365c4b'),(45244,44953,1,NULL,'__temp_dxkllpryxvqfasjbweozfaxkhviwfnpkshze',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Requirement to Reduce Legionella Risk in Healthcare Facility Water Systems to Prevent Cases and Outbreaks of Legionnaires’ Disease (LD)\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Provider-Enrollment-and-Certification/SurveyCertificationGenInfo/Downloads/QSO17-30-HospitalCAH-NH-REVISED-.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Outline of requirements for acute care hospitals and long-term care facilities regarding water management policies and procedures to reduce the risk of growth and spread of Legionella and other opportunistic pathogens.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-29 19:55:06','2024-07-29 19:55:06','7bc67e81-1e3e-4cc6-a3f8-819c302a4357'),(45256,44965,1,'Ebola','ebola','diseases-pathogens/ebola',NULL,1,'2024-07-29 20:02:46','2024-07-29 20:02:46','39c341e0-3617-48d4-aaa4-73ea6bf69d3d'),(45257,44966,1,NULL,'__temp_cnarfehtmdbgustzqzqmehavxtfthzwzstrv',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Ebola Virus Disease</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Ebola\"}',1,'2024-07-29 20:02:47','2024-07-29 20:02:47','945a3857-60ed-4fe6-a5a9-1ea5227c6a07'),(45258,44967,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Virus\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-29 20:02:47','2024-07-29 20:02:47','7d40a3fb-245f-4412-b7a6-d95626e4c3ac'),(45259,44968,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 20:02:47','2024-07-29 20:02:47','64facdcc-9f77-4ddc-a103-82a382911fdc'),(45260,44969,1,NULL,'__temp_paobkymdvtnqfkostrrfvdsqiaqgxcbtsdbm',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a rare but severe viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) caused by the Ebola Virus. Any suspected case(s) of EVD should be promptly reported to public health.  The virus can spread person-to-person through direct contact with blood or bodily fluids of a person who is sick with or has died from EVD. Healthcare personnel can be exposed to Ebola virus by touching a patient’s body fluids, contaminated medical supplies and equipment, or contaminated environmental surfaces. 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Outbreaks have been linked to intrinsic and extrinsic contamination of various products used in healthcare settings. These products usually have an aqueous component or are exposed to tap water. Contaminated medical products which have led to outbreaks in healthcare facilities include saline flushes, mouthwash, oral liquid docusate, skin cleanser, ultrasound gel, nasal spray, nebulizers, antiseptics, disinfectant solutions, balloon pumps, and temperature probes. </p><p><strong>Key Point: </strong>Maintain a low threshold (e.g., single case or small cluster) for reporting a Bcc outbreak or product concern.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"About Bcc\"}',1,'2024-07-29 20:05:07','2024-07-29 20:05:07','cd5bd039-60ab-43a9-84af-74d82052fc9a'),(45318,45027,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-29 20:05:07','2024-07-29 20:05:07','37539993-5bd6-4c3d-bd1c-6f7608ffaea3'),(45319,45028,1,NULL,'__temp_hsnnhimrxeckfcordisvncnssbxgwaokkxcg',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Example line list and data collection tool for a Bcc outbreak investigation\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-29 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This will show up in your downloads folder.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-30 17:49:19','2024-07-30 17:49:19','7c38413c-2885-47f4-a450-c140018c7c64'),(45372,45081,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-30 17:49:19','2024-07-30 17:49:19','5d30f3f2-67cc-40e8-8266-03fea43dab44'),(45373,45082,1,NULL,'__temp_jcisbucfobtbrsxklslksuunzubpgusvdqya',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Patient Notification About Suspected Hospital-Associated Outbreaks of Invasive Mold Infections: Considerations for Public Health and Hospital Personnel\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34109919/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This article addresses the intricacies and challenges of making patient notifications in the context of hospital-associated clusters of invasive mold infections, 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and water management program (WMP) evaluation tool that can be used when responding to healthcare-associated Legionnaire\'s disease\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:31:24','2024-07-31 20:31:24','3410a4a8-2368-4f06-9fce-c6f4fd3559b6'),(45527,45236,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:31:24','2024-07-31 20:31:24','352dd7d5-8cb6-402b-9055-bd755d096145'),(45528,45237,1,NULL,'__temp_zfrirbwzvzjbooewrasjyqdteqgsbwmpstwv',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Example of patient notification: Legionella outbreak in a general medicine ward\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/10/CORHA-PP-Chapter-8-1.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"See page 32, Box 8.3 for this example\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 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20:39:20','b7688f87-4edb-429d-9048-f2fba37fb840'),(45585,45294,1,NULL,'__temp_pglklfhbipbriccyvwwjoqyfsxnjcivwtxxr',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Norovirus in Healthcare Facilities Fact Sheet\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/26151\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This two page fact sheet can be used to educate healthcare partners about norovirus transmission, diagnosis, and control measures.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:39:20','2024-07-31 20:39:20','cdbd54bb-7aca-4e1f-bfab-b40fb7da140f'),(45586,45295,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:39:20','2024-07-31 20:39:20','2994defd-a595-4a69-a8e7-18e64e733c66'),(45587,45296,1,NULL,'__temp_erajesfncfiyvehjmsufdonofdoykxmehpth',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Burden of norovirus in healthcare facilities and strategies for outbreak control\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-25 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4668703/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"The authors summarize the challenges and economic burden posed by healthcare associated norovirus outbreaks and offer a tabular summary of CDC/HICPAC control recommendations.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:39:20','2024-07-31 20:39:20','88f54037-9b66-487a-a568-c373af56ec90'),(45601,45310,1,'Scabies','scabies','diseases-pathogens/scabies',NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','ee135bf3-6751-46d8-b9e9-0f411d201ccc'),(45602,45311,1,NULL,'__temp_mqwhrgmmyszeatrwkqrfypblnlohpcbzpcgo',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p><i>Also called sarcoptes scabiei or sarcoptic mange</i></p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Scabies\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','a28f6aa2-8f9e-4065-a456-34fded13eada'),(45603,45312,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Parasite\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-17 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-01 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','be1ed61c-a67e-4b08-bf57-491e9f79b6ba'),(45604,45313,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','4a3a0a90-f590-4e50-9726-72759bd92316'),(45605,45314,1,NULL,'__temp_vxqbncygyqeltimspkiqqgjxkybpnauvwedj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>The scabies mite, <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>, is an ectoparasite that burrows into the upper layer of the skin and deposits eggs. The most common symptoms of scabies are intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash. An exposed individual can be infectious to others, even in the absence of symptoms. </p><p>Scabies can spread rapidly, including in healthcare facilities such as nursing homes and hospitals, causing outbreaks which can be difficult to control if not caught early.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"About Scabies\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','8fe3134d-d2cf-4d8a-93f8-6d18413d1df1'),(45606,45315,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','dca9654c-72bc-4d7f-97de-bee1e5132642'),(45607,45316,1,NULL,'__temp_vaifstietdursqblhrzvteqcjbqvpfmweyoa',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Read more\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Crusted scabies is a severe form of scabies that can occur in some persons who are immunocompromised, elderly, disabled, or debilitated. </p><p>Crusted scabies may be associated with atypical signs or symptoms and is highly contagious. Persons with crusted scabies should receive quick and aggressive medical treatment for their infestation to prevent outbreaks of scabies.</p>\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','2e3eb670-0c20-4caf-ba3b-574932192f29'),(45608,45317,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','55c6f171-b614-4f88-9994-91f7b5e2842f'),(45609,45318,1,NULL,'__temp_ujghalgjjkthcfrheqlldgnyzllwufakgdbz',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Outbreak Reporting and Investigation\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-general-guidance-outbreak-detection-reporting-scabies/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This resource includes recommended thresholds for outbreak reporting and descriptions of investigation and control measures.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','4fe87eb6-bcc2-47d5-9aee-ed54abfa624c'),(45610,45319,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','9200e2bd-61bd-4b8c-9122-400aee76cfcf'),(45611,45320,1,NULL,'__temp_zvesbbpabtvazsyzshknnvvwgwckinpratag',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Strategies for Scabies Outbreaks in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Public Health strategies for scabies outbreak response in long term care and other congregate settings\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','4df7674c-c781-46ea-b941-6b445c735ef3'),(45612,45321,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','dd76c6f6-677c-40dc-916c-e86f33eb9dee'),(45613,45322,1,NULL,'__temp_chdeihwanfclanyvojlhgvgrghapfvatzoas',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Strategies for Crusted Scabies Outbreaks in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"Health Departments\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy-crusted/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Public Health strategies specific to outbreaks of CRUSTED scabies\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','742a600e-8af2-40f8-9c0e-51d5ac94643f'),(45614,45323,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','ff71c35b-d556-4d18-9f54-4ec4878fd521'),(45615,45324,1,NULL,'__temp_krevhxiiqhkzwpkwnyoedmzbbokopzinalji',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Toolkit: Healthcare Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/acd/Diseases/ScabiesToolkit.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Toolkit to help healthcare facilities manage scabies outbreaks and train staff on identification, transmission, and treatment of scabies.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:43:44','2024-07-31 20:43:44','16f4a0c6-6234-49db-9ab3-e37ea0ba4d75'),(45633,45342,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:11','2024-07-31 20:51:11','8b364119-cd63-42ae-ba41-8418df15b249'),(45634,45343,1,NULL,'__temp_tipwmihdswsmraojgoqxtiowypwrpjrhqnjl',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"The ABCs of Hepatitis for Health Professionals\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-31 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/resources/professionals/pdfs/abctable.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"A convenient tabular summary of the epidemiology, natural history, treatment and prevention of HAV, HBV, and HCV.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:11','2024-07-31 20:51:11','91258b61-7c7d-448b-91e6-2169f881aeff'),(45635,45344,1,'Viral Hepatitis','hepatitis','diseases-pathogens/hepatitis',NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','c1d0e960-11c5-4b9b-b826-e8e9dde2f39d'),(45636,45345,1,NULL,'__temp_ewsmbeiveznhbmlxgrekpwzfemwjxvjbdwcq',NULL,'{\"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Viral Hepatitis\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','3a12ab39-1d71-4d31-9e09-af2820c3aa2f'),(45637,45346,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,'{\"0faa63e9-a47b-42c2-95ee-2cfd55201441\": \"Virus\", \"d057632f-79c8-4652-8fd8-748ac6166ec6\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}, \"f395977f-9fbd-4439-be7d-6e235b6699ac\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','bb074110-d140-4f11-b2f7-cbff89ad87c6'),(45638,45347,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','9e59525a-0628-40dd-a72d-cc65f8244c9d'),(45639,45348,1,NULL,'__temp_wzuhuwqmemslfjxmjxxvvsldlazdmyzubxmo',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>Hepatitis refers to inflammation of the liver. Although there are several potential causes of hepatitis, the illness is often caused by a viral infection. Healthcare-associated hepatitis outbreaks most commonly involve hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), both of which are bloodborne pathogens and can result in chronic infections that may lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer. </p><p>In healthcare settings, transmission of HBV and HCV typically results from infection control breaches that expose patients to blood from another person. HBV and HCV outbreaks can be difficult to recognize due to the potential for asymptomatic infections and prolonged incubation periods (weeks to months).</p><p>A single case of possible healthcare-associated HBV or HCV warrants investigation and follow-up to rule out a larger problem.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"About Viral Hepatitis\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','3df94aca-7486-4193-835b-05b4f1348a13'),(45640,45349,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','2eccf01a-b793-4bb8-bf69-d2fa500fa9ab'),(45641,45350,1,NULL,'__temp_ubywrpqktcswqbzbdsgmdshuxisybugnalpq',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Read more\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>Healthcare-associated hepatitis A virus (HAV) can also transmit in healthcare settings. HAV is spread by the fecal-oral route. </p>\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','aa5c815d-2880-44e6-b038-deb745945658'),(45642,45351,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','be5b7e83-93b7-4e63-93aa-0dc482134dd9'),(45643,45352,1,NULL,'__temp_pkvyhsrquzfurhnqgtlpycxaalbdcrobrglh',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Viral Hepatitis: Healthcare Investigation Guide\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/outbreaks/healthcareinvestigationguide.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This toolkit provides a framework to investigate possible healthcare-associated viral hepatitis transmission events. This resource includes a summary of recommended investigation steps, a sample questionnaire to help identify healthcare exposures, and considerations regarding patient notifications.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:12','2024-07-31 20:51:12','15f58c53-51e9-4280-b8ef-9843436fee11'),(45644,45353,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','275f6c73-2464-461f-ad3d-691450fd1ba9'),(45645,45354,1,NULL,'__temp_kjguvfzipsmqhmlwkwqdkwlgwqzzlcoxmtgc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Hepatitis B and C Outbreaks Reported to CDC\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/outbreaks/healthcarehepoutbreaktable.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This webpage summarizes healthcare-associated outbreaks of hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection reported in the United States during 2008-2019.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','13b08b11-8eab-412c-8476-1d350dd36d44'),(45646,45355,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','e21f493b-da67-45d9-af02-a46ae3c50ca0'),(45647,45356,1,NULL,'__temp_ltikrlgqlhkccusvahvetrkrdexkwddyaued',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"US Outbreak Investigations Highlight the Need for Safe Injection Practices and Basic Infection Control\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/injection-safety/about/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This article summarizes U.S. outbreak investigations involving healthcare-associated HBV and HCV, including examples involving unsafe injections, dialysis and diabetes care.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','a5856604-374a-42d9-925b-3cb9a2ef78cb'),(45648,45357,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','86ea4647-d0bf-47ba-8613-eefa7af6b5e8'),(45649,45358,1,NULL,'__temp_bpuyvfwfmbynxmwmokxdlziumpdvluawixyi',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Injection Safety\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-28 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/injection-safety/about/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This website includes injection safety guidelines and recommendations, publications, and resources for patients and providers. Resource spotlights risk of bloodborne pathogen transmission associated with drug diversion and blood glucose monitoring.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','b88a3ac5-121a-47d7-b5c0-463065c3d31d'),(45650,45359,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','70168cdf-e07e-434b-9151-9368c1702edf'),(45651,45360,1,NULL,'__temp_tipwmihdswsmraojgoqxtiowypwrpjrhqnjl',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"The ABCs of Hepatitis for Health Professionals\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-31 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/hepatitis/resources/professionals/pdfs/abctable.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"A convenient tabular summary of the epidemiology, natural history, treatment and prevention of HAV, HBV, and HCV.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:51:13','2024-07-31 20:51:13','48ad6ba5-14bd-4a35-bf94-1a8507925bb5'),(45663,45372,1,'Scabies','scabies','diseases-pathogens/scabies',NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','ca48e673-4fcc-447a-b518-ee481e1312aa'),(45664,45373,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','d4f1ed62-ae63-453c-8ee6-074691d81d27'),(45665,45374,1,NULL,'__temp_vxqbncygyqeltimspkiqqgjxkybpnauvwedj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>The scabies mite, <i>Sarcoptes scabiei</i>, is an ectoparasite that burrows into the upper layer of the skin and deposits eggs. The most common symptoms of scabies are intense itching and a pimple-like skin rash. An exposed individual can be infectious to others, even in the absence of symptoms. </p><p>Scabies can spread rapidly, including in healthcare facilities such as nursing homes and hospitals, causing outbreaks which can be difficult to control if not caught early.</p><p>Crusted scabies is a severe form of scabies that can occur in some persons who are immunocompromised, elderly, disabled, or debilitated. </p><p>Crusted scabies may be associated with atypical signs or symptoms and is highly contagious. Persons with crusted scabies should receive quick and aggressive medical treatment for their infestation to prevent outbreaks of scabies.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"About Scabies\"}',1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','2de99762-c7d6-4e42-a132-23919cc2db09'),(45666,45375,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','66bf68ba-fba6-4bf6-8d88-e345ae00b595'),(45667,45376,1,NULL,'__temp_ujghalgjjkthcfrheqlldgnyzllwufakgdbz',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Outbreak Reporting and Investigation\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-general-guidance-outbreak-detection-reporting-scabies/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This resource includes recommended thresholds for outbreak reporting and descriptions of investigation and control measures.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','396fa909-9434-4552-b40c-486d6a37a912'),(45668,45377,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','78319e89-4039-401e-8f85-1ab1fcea69ca'),(45669,45378,1,NULL,'__temp_zvesbbpabtvazsyzshknnvvwgwckinpratag',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Strategies for Scabies Outbreaks in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy/\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Public Health strategies for scabies outbreak response in long term care and other congregate settings\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','a648f9b4-6ac7-4739-9734-5d6414f77837'),(45670,45379,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','a8581065-0e12-4bff-a5cd-b1bf69b2606a'),(45671,45380,1,NULL,'__temp_chdeihwanfclanyvojlhgvgrghapfvatzoas',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Strategies for Crusted Scabies Outbreaks in Institutional Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"6b9fa6e8-a0d8-49b0-a33f-871f787ec3ba\": \"Health Departments\", \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"https://www.cdc.gov/scabies/php/public-health-strategy-crusted/index.html\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Public Health strategies specific to outbreaks of CRUSTED scabies\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:52:15','2024-07-31 20:52:15','16f8abc6-8293-44b9-8d64-83388576db3d'),(45672,45381,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 20:52:16','2024-07-31 20:52:16','4298df53-ba4c-4fdf-962c-6c402a71ed77'),(45673,45382,1,NULL,'__temp_krevhxiiqhkzwpkwnyoedmzbbokopzinalji',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": false, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Scabies Toolkit: Healthcare Settings\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-10 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"http://publichealth.lacounty.gov/acd/Diseases/ScabiesToolkit.htm\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"Toolkit to help healthcare facilities manage scabies outbreaks and train staff on identification, transmission, and treatment of scabies.\", \"f0c02666-8b3e-4971-b7be-fcb0d63d202e\": true}',1,'2024-07-31 20:52:16','2024-07-31 20:52:16','7f2395e2-887c-4a95-b245-d97a14488142'),(45674,45383,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p>Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/HAI-Patient-Notification-Framework-one-pager_Oct-2023.pdf\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager </a></li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:07:53','2024-08-02 17:01:23','72270255-d382-4a47-bcdc-0c5028c587be'),(45675,45384,1,NULL,'__temp_suiqsbumleypaljbnqpylqrkgqsngzonrrmy',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:07:56','2024-07-31 21:07:56','7052d053-b241-4496-a9d6-792d4bb14250'),(45682,45391,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p> </p><p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                           <i> James Lewis</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:26:13','2024-08-06 18:39:14','ff7bd135-73a8-4b66-888f-510d11e60925'),(45683,45392,1,NULL,'__temp_bjaszkepjsvkxvtbdocfptraehdthyrvmbee',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:26:16','2024-07-31 21:26:16','385e0fa9-7179-4e3b-897e-2cf317938fdf'),(45684,45393,1,'Data Sharing','data-sharing',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:29:12','2024-07-31 21:29:12','a5501756-1606-4ccc-b5cf-c12fd1c7207c'),(45685,45393,2,'Data Sharing','data-sharing',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:29:12','2024-07-31 21:29:12','ab334029-e245-415f-bbc7-0d85c2ce9a1c'),(45686,45394,1,'EHR','ehr',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:29:21','2024-07-31 21:29:21','b03c850c-68db-4c99-b44c-f8a861bc26c6'),(45687,45394,2,'EHR','ehr',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:29:21','2024-07-31 21:29:21','b91cc3a2-abea-41d3-af93-33dacc520d50'),(45688,45395,1,'Electronic Health Records','electronic-health-records',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:29:31','2024-07-31 21:29:31','356a6d5d-f221-43b6-8bfb-937b765ca59e'),(45689,45395,2,'Electronic Health Records','electronic-health-records',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:29:31','2024-07-31 21:29:31','a040ce6e-d65e-41c6-9cf4-376313976b8d'),(45690,45396,1,'Local Health Department','local-health-department',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:30:41','2024-07-31 21:30:41','41483574-2db7-4888-9259-b9b737bb6292'),(45691,45396,2,'Local Health Department','local-health-department',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:30:41','2024-07-31 21:30:41','ce578d08-2141-4889-b949-6e8f028aa69f'),(45692,45397,1,'James Lewis photo',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:31:19','2024-07-31 21:31:19','b5fa89cd-3497-4c41-b429-d71c6346b456'),(45693,45397,2,'James Lewis photo',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:31:20','2024-07-31 21:31:20','96a733f5-f9e3-4424-899f-c5e02790feec'),(45698,45402,1,NULL,'__temp_dbagyxcpszzdzoilltpxevwdmrtgiqpcmber',NULL,'{\"52546fce-5f4b-4c24-9f12-a768f3918762\": \"Mechanism/Setting\", \"c08a2986-96f1-41a7-91e9-446587fb2dbb\": \"/mechanism\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:34:09','2024-07-31 21:34:09','f739c631-8d49-4bdc-aee9-f99c663f9503'),(45699,45403,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||https://dev.corha.org/admin/actions/assets/generate-transform}?transformId=268&site=default\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" /></figure>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:34:13','2024-07-31 21:34:13','1df01e5a-6712-4e80-a1fa-3ba1b4f868fa'),(45700,45404,1,NULL,'__temp_bjaszkepjsvkxvtbdocfptraehdthyrvmbee',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:34:13','2024-07-31 21:34:13','1cc69ab4-6dd1-457e-b491-48b55213ee17'),(45702,45406,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" /><figcaption>James Lewis</figcaption></figure>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:37:22','2024-07-31 21:37:22','b9a76475-857e-4e1a-8712-3ce9a99ebb29'),(45704,45408,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" /><figcaption>James Lewis</figcaption></figure>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:37:45','2024-07-31 21:37:45','795fa5d4-f8a7-49f1-b9b3-a59cb16492c9'),(45706,45410,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:38:57','2024-07-31 21:38:57','4dfbf9d7-fa62-4989-8d9f-6dd0ddd97826'),(45708,45412,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" /><figcaption>James Lewis</figcaption></figure><p> </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:40:16','2024-07-31 21:40:16','a65a579d-f268-4e88-85bb-190f6aebf5cd'),(45710,45414,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" /></figure>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:41:35','2024-07-31 21:41:35','052bd559-8899-40e6-a14d-e2240d1f2f47'),(45712,45416,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p> </p><p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                        <i> James Lewis</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:43:05','2024-07-31 21:43:05','c0560572-1edf-4f89-bf15-9527aa9bc2fa'),(45714,45418,1,'The Importance of Patient Notification and CORHA’s HAI Outbreak Notification Framework (Part 2)','the-importance-of-patient-notification-and-corhas-hai-outbreak-notification-framework-part-2','news/the-importance-of-patient-notification-and-corhas-hai-outbreak-notification-framework-part-2','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p><i>Part Two: CORHA’s New HAI Outbreak Notification Framework </i></p><p>In part one of this blog, we discussed the case for making outbreak notifications. Now we will talk about a new CORHA resource to assist with notifications. The <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA Policy Workgroup</a> has been discussing both legal and policy considerations related to outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), including those caused by antimicrobial-resistant (AR) pathogens.  </p><p>Our workgroup aims to generate products that can assist policy makers, at all levels, with improving the detection, reporting, investigation, control, and prevention of HAI/AR outbreaks. <a href=\\\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Framework-for-HAI-Outbreak-Notification.pdf__;!!MuWMPV1_1eXDnA!2ekdc13gmAjok3XL1lS0QMqgtmokJ0ouMBFQnScAVn67Dtex7A-yAgffEaEydeyk4L0piJ846wLvP20YFJbmnt3B9mo$\\\">CORHA’s Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a> is a prime example. The framework was created because standards for HAI outbreak patient notification and public disclosure were lacking.  </p><p>We recognize that communicating information about outbreaks to patients, families, and healthcare workers is critical so patients can make informed decisions about their health and take appropriate recommended steps or actions. It is also very important for controlling and preventing further disease transmission.  </p><p>Our patient notification framework is based on public health best practices and grounded in bioethical principles of autonomy and beneficence. It was developed as a resource to help navigate the growing expectations and charged conversations around outbreaks and patient notification. The notification framework is designed to guide healthcare facility clinicians and policy makers with a standard set of actions that they may need to consider when an outbreak is identified at their facility.  </p><p>Healthcare partners should work with their local or state health departments to identify who to notify, and how to notify, as the framework details specific examples and considerations through the different steps of notification during an outbreak. The framework addresses three different levels of notification; immediate notification, expanded notification and public notification and details steps and actions to consider depending on the circumstances of the outbreak.  </p><p>Notifications, like outbreaks, vary in size, scale and complexity. We anticipate CORHA’s new framework will be a valuable tool to assist our healthcare facility and public health partners with navigating these multifaceted and demanding situations.  </p><p>Please <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/\\\">click here</a> to learn more about additional Resources and Products developed by CORHA.  </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43895:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43895/Maureen-Tierney.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"340\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                         Maureen Tierney</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43896:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43896/Moon-Kim-232x300.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"388\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                         Moon Kim</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43897:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43897/Capture.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"395\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                  <i>       Dawn Terashita</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Maureen Tierney, MD, MSc., FIDSA, Moon Kim, MD, MPH, & Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:51:11','2024-07-31 21:51:11','771c2077-0712-4817-ad8a-a7fc7816accb'),(45716,45420,1,'The Importance of Patient Notification and CORHA’s HAI Outbreak Notification Framework (Part 2)','the-importance-of-patient-notification-and-corhas-hai-outbreak-notification-framework-part-2','news/the-importance-of-patient-notification-and-corhas-hai-outbreak-notification-framework-part-2','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p><i>Part Two: CORHA’s New HAI Outbreak Notification Framework </i></p><p>In part one of this blog, we discussed the case for making outbreak notifications. Now we will talk about a new CORHA resource to assist with notifications. The <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA Policy Workgroup</a> has been discussing both legal and policy considerations related to outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), including those caused by antimicrobial-resistant (AR) pathogens.  </p><p>Our workgroup aims to generate products that can assist policy makers, at all levels, with improving the detection, reporting, investigation, control, and prevention of HAI/AR outbreaks. <a href=\\\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Framework-for-HAI-Outbreak-Notification.pdf__;!!MuWMPV1_1eXDnA!2ekdc13gmAjok3XL1lS0QMqgtmokJ0ouMBFQnScAVn67Dtex7A-yAgffEaEydeyk4L0piJ846wLvP20YFJbmnt3B9mo$\\\">CORHA’s Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a> is a prime example. The framework was created because standards for HAI outbreak patient notification and public disclosure were lacking.  </p><p>We recognize that communicating information about outbreaks to patients, families, and healthcare workers is critical so patients can make informed decisions about their health and take appropriate recommended steps or actions. It is also very important for controlling and preventing further disease transmission.  </p><p>Our patient notification framework is based on public health best practices and grounded in bioethical principles of autonomy and beneficence. It was developed as a resource to help navigate the growing expectations and charged conversations around outbreaks and patient notification. The notification framework is designed to guide healthcare facility clinicians and policy makers with a standard set of actions that they may need to consider when an outbreak is identified at their facility.  </p><p>Healthcare partners should work with their local or state health departments to identify who to notify, and how to notify, as the framework details specific examples and considerations through the different steps of notification during an outbreak. The framework addresses three different levels of notification; immediate notification, expanded notification and public notification and details steps and actions to consider depending on the circumstances of the outbreak.  </p><p>Notifications, like outbreaks, vary in size, scale and complexity. We anticipate CORHA’s new framework will be a valuable tool to assist our healthcare facility and public health partners with navigating these multifaceted and demanding situations.  </p><p>Please <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/\\\">click here </a>to learn more about additional Resources and Products developed by CORHA.  </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43895:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43895/Maureen-Tierney.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Maureen Tierney\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"340\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                         Maureen Tierney</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43896:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43896/Moon-Kim-232x300.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Moon Kim\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"388\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                         Moon Kim</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43897:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43897/Capture.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Dawn Terashita\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"395\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                  <i>       Dawn Terashita</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Maureen Tierney, MD, MSc., FIDSA, Moon Kim, MD, MPH, & Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:54:19','2024-07-31 21:54:19','4cae639f-86b0-4ecf-862a-78b65a026490'),(45717,45421,1,'The Importance of Patient Notification and CORHA’s HAI Outbreak Notification Framework (Part 1)','the-importance-of-patient-notification-and-corhas-hai-outbreak-notification-framework-part-1','news/the-importance-of-patient-notification-and-corhas-hai-outbreak-notification-framework-part-1','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p><i>Part One: Truth and Transparency</i></p><p>Patient notification is at the forefront now more than ever due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The CORHA Policy Workgroup has been working to develop an HAI Outbreak Notification Framework to help assist health departments and facilities with the process of notifying patients and providers during outbreaks. In this post, we will be discussing the importance of notification and the benefits to everyone involved. Check back soon for part two, where we will discuss the HAI Outbreak Notification Framework in more detail.   </p><p>Notifying patients about outbreaks enables them to make informed decisions about their health and take actions to protect themselves. Transparency promotes confidence and increased trust between patients and providers, making clear and transparent communication key. Patients want and need to be informed of potential impacts on their health and wellbeing and we have personally heard from facilities that patients and their families generally appreciate transparency about outbreaks. Patients appreciate providers discussing risks, the impact on their care, information on how to protect themselves, and what the facility is doing to prevent new infections.  </p><p>Although the circumstances surrounding outbreaks vary, communication needs to be truthful, clear, and timely. Ideally notification should be done as soon as an outbreak has been identified so changes or enhancements in infection control practices can be adhered to by patients, visitors, and healthcare providers. Outbreak control measures can impact patients, visitors, and healthcare personnel and often include actions like case finding, immediate implementation of strict hand hygiene, enhanced environmental cleaning, personal protective equipment use, or patient isolation. It’s also important that as additional information becomes available, it is communicated to the affected groups. Outbreaks are complex, so acknowledging what is known and what is still unknown, can also help educate individuals regarding risks and actions to prevent further transmission.  </p><p>Communicating timely, accurate information can address inaccuracies and help stop further transmission. On the other hand, with poor communication, people could take inappropriate or unnecessary actions – like not seeking care or delaying necessary care – or feel they had been misled if information regarding their care is withheld. Another common dilemma occurs when a large number of people may need to be notified about a longstanding error in sterilizing instruments, but the likelihood of individual patient exposure is uncertain, and the risk of infection could be very low. These are just a few of the tough communication challenges faced regarding patient notification. </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43895:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43895/Maureen-Tierney.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Maureen Tierney\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"340\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                     <i>Maureen Tierney</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43896:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43896/Moon-Kim-232x300.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Moon Kim\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"388\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                           <i>   Moon Kim</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43897:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43897/Capture.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Dawn Terashita\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"395\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                     <i> Dawn Terashita</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Maureen Tierney, MD, MSc., FIDSA, Moon Kim, MD, MPH, & Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:55:42','2024-07-31 21:55:42','ef3c0eee-505b-46fb-8efd-a7c06c68e96f'),(45718,45422,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p> Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a>Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:58:48','2024-07-31 21:58:48','a1ceab51-f80a-457a-8ed8-a434a604de92'),(45719,45423,1,NULL,'__temp_suiqsbumleypaljbnqpylqrkgqsngzonrrmy',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 21:58:48','2024-07-31 21:58:48','aadc1c9d-6fdc-4703-8a94-5c0392151dc3'),(45721,45425,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p> Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a>Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 21:59:11','2024-07-31 21:59:11','ea75b5e2-69ad-4073-8b0e-f30e2a1bdf19'),(45723,45427,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p> Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a>Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:01:38','2024-07-31 22:01:38','51169d77-f973-472a-905c-220302317844'),(45725,45429,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p> Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a>Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager </a></li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:02:30','2024-07-31 22:02:30','f52eb513-c0b6-41d7-b8b4-96429887f0a9'),(45727,45431,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p> Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a>Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager </a></li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:03:10','2024-07-31 22:03:10','93282d5e-400a-4c61-82f5-62ace5ddd9f0'),(45729,45433,1,'Importance of Data Sharing and Reporting: A Conversation with CORHA’s Policy Workgroup Co-Chairs','importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','news/importance-of-data-sharing-and-reporting-a-conversation-with-corhas-policy-workgroup-co-chairs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Sharing data between health departments and other healthcare organizations makes conducting public health activities like investigations, identifying and addressing issues, and evaluating intervention efforts easier and more effective. However, data sharing between state, local and private health entities is not without challenges. </p><p> Data sharing and reporting outbreaks of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) is one of the most pressing issues. The success of this type of outbreak response hinges on access to accurate, timely data. While technology limitations represent some challenges, like data system access for public health professionals and system interoperability, other challenges are administrative like dedicating resources for up-to-date data systems and informatics and having access to staff with informatics expertise. Any solutions must also carefully balance public awareness and patient confidentiality. </p><p>Even if challenges in accessing and using available electronic health information are overcome, gaps in collecting or reporting data between health departments and local healthcare organizations may still exist. For instance, demographic data that could identify populations disproportionately impacted by HAI outbreaks and individual cases of antimicrobial resistance (AR) are not collected consistently, posing a challenge to understanding health inequities. </p><p>Manually sharing reports between healthcare organizations and public health can further strain thinly stretched healthcare staff. The best time to work through technical issues and reporting inconsistencies is prior to an outbreak incident. It is integral to effective outbreak response efforts. Some ways to work through challenges include establishing data dictionaries, checking data system interoperability, mandating reporting perimeters, and standardizing data. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">CORHA’s Policy Workgroup</a> aims to advocate for and establish more transparency related to data collection and reporting. We recognize that accomplishing this goal requires additional guidance, resources, and buy-in from leadership across public health and healthcare. Given the variations from state to state in public health data sharing rules, national-level mandates and public health law advocacy may also be necessary to address this challenge. </p><p>The CORHA Policy Workgroup continues to develop resources on public data sharing and reporting of HAI/AR outbreaks with the goal of balancing public data sharing and the protection of patient confidentiality. The following CORHA resources can be used to inform policies and legal frameworks for outbreak reporting, investigation, notification, and disclosure: </p><ul style=\\\"list-style-type:disc;\\\"><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/HAI-Patient-Notification-Framework-one-pager_Oct-2023.pdf\\\">Framework for HAI Outbreak Notification One-Pager </a></li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 4: Outbreak Detection and Reporting</a> </li><li><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles &amp; Practices Chapter 8: Notification and Communication</a> </li></ul>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Moon Kim, MD, MPH, Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, & Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:04:39','2024-07-31 22:04:39','af07b2c8-a0f9-4454-bc7c-c635a721112b'),(45731,45435,1,'Local Health Department’s Use of Data Sharing Modeled by Snohomish County, WA','local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','news/local-health-departments-use-of-data-sharing-modeled-by-snohomish-county-wa','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p> </p><p>In the previous spotlight, we learned about the importance of data sharing to support outbreak response and some of the challenges public health and healthcare professionals face. Here, I will highlight Snohomish County Health Department’s (SCHD) lessons learned and strategies for successfully gaining access to electronic health records (EHRs) of healthcare system partners within our jurisdiction and how it streamlines our case reporting, outbreak detection and response, and case investigations. </p><p>SCHD, based in Washington State, developed close relationships with healthcare organizations (HCOs) during the pandemic which were elemental in gaining access to our jurisdiction’s HCO’s EHRs. The pandemic also emphasized the benefits of public health having direct EHR access. Direct access helps streamline a process that can be confusing and burdensome for HCO staff. Previously, this type of information exchange could involve multiple rounds of faxes or phone calls.  </p><p>When we reach out to pursue a new EHR access agreement, my colleagues and I have conversations with the HCO’s executive/c-suite leaders to identify their concerns. We underscore our willingness to support the data sharing agreement process and its flexibility regarding potential HCO requirements, such as limiting public health account access to requesting specific types of patient information or records. This establishes a basis to build trust from which growth can occur, with the long-term goal of gaining full read-only access to all HCO partner EHRs as is allowable under HIPAA and public health law. With these foundational relationships, LHDs can expand data sharing opportunities to improve community health. </p><p>Another strategy SCHD has leveraged was to first target the HCOs with the lowest barriers to EHR access for both public health and healthcare providers from different systems. Once we had multiple HCOs that granted access, it was easier to persuade other organizations that were more hesitant. We also worked internally to identify the HCOs for which EHR access would be most beneficial to our disease and outbreak investigation work.  </p><p>Snohomish County also recommends a proactive approach in which EHR access is obtained prior to outbreaks and relevant accounts are ready to go. We’re hopeful that our experience implementing these strategies serves as a learning opportunity for other jurisdictions to establish data sharing agreements with their HCOs. </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45397:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/45397/James-Lewis-photo.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"James Lewis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"349\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                           <i> James Lewis</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"James Lewis, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:07:18','2024-07-31 22:07:18','56e8f1b5-0aa6-4168-aa35-ba788545d778'),(45733,45437,1,'November 2023 Fall Meeting Recap','november-2023-fall-meeting-recap','news/november-2023-fall-meeting-recap','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>CORHA members and partners convened in Atlanta, GA for the annual hybrid CORHA Fall Meeting. Council members engaged in two days of meeting discussions that ranged from data modernization and sharing of HAI/AR data, detection and response for respiratory viruses, and robust breakout sessions from CORHA’s three <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">workgroups</a>. In addition, Council members were briefed on updates to the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">CORHA Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</a> chapters and other products, such as a <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/HAI-Patient-Notification-Framework-one-pager_Oct-2023.pdf\\\">one-pager</a> to accompany the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Framework-for-HAI-Outbreak-Notification.pdf\\\">Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a> document.</p><p>The Council also analyzed the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/strategies/\\\">strategic map</a> and considered key strategies for CORHA to achieve its <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/mission-vision-and-membership/\\\">mission, vision, and goals</a>. The primary strategies discussed were (1) review pertinent policies and guidance documents issued by CORHA’s member organizations to ensure they meet the needs of the Council’s stakeholders, and (2) raise awareness amongst policymakers and the public to support HAI/AR outbreak response. In response to these areas of focus, members discussed how CORHA will continue to engage with and identify member organization needs, set priorities, and explore ways to review and disseminate new guidance documents. Members also agreed that endorsement by CORHA is highly valued, and opportunities for CORHA to provide such endorsements and aggregate multidisciplinary feedback will be explored. Addressing the second strategy, members identified that CORHA can collaborate with state health departments for surveillance and data reports, using storytelling and other methods to make data more widely accessible. Finally, leveraging member organizations’ social media for increased CORHA visibility, proactively preparing materials in advance of outbreaks, and rethinking data sharing are other key strategies to further the goals of the Council.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43855:url||/assets/images/Picture1-1-1.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"2023 CORHA Fall Meeting Attendees\\\" width=\\\"800\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                      2023 CORHA Fall Meeting Attendees</i></p><p>Priority areas for CORHA members are efforts to enhance awareness of CORHA’s goals and objectives among policymakers, the public, and both public health and healthcare professionals. Council members also strive to increase the utilization of genomic data in outbreak scenarios, enhance public sharing of outbreak information, and address gaps in respiratory illnesses, multidrug-resistant organisms, and outbreaks of non-reportable conditions. Future activities also involve updating existing guidance, such as transforming influenza and COVID-19 guidance into universal respiratory infection guidance.</p><p>As CORHA heads into 2024, the Council will begin working on drafting a new strategic map for 2025 onwards. Fall Meeting discussions will continue to be deepened and expanded upon through workgroup and governance committee activities. Workgroup and Council-wide discussions will frame the direction of CORHA and inform ongoing and future activities to provide the most up-to-date resources to build, standardize, and improve HAI/AR outbreak detection, reporting, investigation, and control. To stay informed on CORHA activities, please continue reading the monthly <a href=\\\"https://naccho.realmagnet.land/corha-correspondence-newsletter\\\">CORHA Correspondence</a> newsletter.</p>\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:14:56','2024-07-31 22:14:56','fab5d933-ba2a-42ac-8581-204066347f6b'),(45734,45438,1,'November 2023 Fall Meeting Recap','november-2023-fall-meeting-recap','news/november-2023-fall-meeting-recap','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>CORHA members and partners convened in Atlanta, GA for the annual hybrid CORHA Fall Meeting. Council members engaged in two days of meeting discussions that ranged from data modernization and sharing of HAI/AR data, detection and response for respiratory viruses, and robust breakout sessions from CORHA’s three <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">workgroups</a>. In addition, Council members were briefed on updates to the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">CORHA Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</a> chapters and other products, such as a <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/HAI-Patient-Notification-Framework-one-pager_Oct-2023.pdf\\\">one-pager</a> to accompany the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Framework-for-HAI-Outbreak-Notification.pdf\\\">Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a> document.</p><p>The Council also analyzed the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/strategies/\\\">strategic map</a> and considered key strategies for CORHA to achieve its <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/mission-vision-and-membership/\\\">mission, vision, and goals</a>. The primary strategies discussed were (1) review pertinent policies and guidance documents issued by CORHA’s member organizations to ensure they meet the needs of the Council’s stakeholders, and (2) raise awareness amongst policymakers and the public to support HAI/AR outbreak response. In response to these areas of focus, members discussed how CORHA will continue to engage with and identify member organization needs, set priorities, and explore ways to review and disseminate new guidance documents. Members also agreed that endorsement by CORHA is highly valued, and opportunities for CORHA to provide such endorsements and aggregate multidisciplinary feedback will be explored. Addressing the second strategy, members identified that CORHA can collaborate with state health departments for surveillance and data reports, using storytelling and other methods to make data more widely accessible. Finally, leveraging member organizations’ social media for increased CORHA visibility, proactively preparing materials in advance of outbreaks, and rethinking data sharing are other key strategies to further the goals of the Council.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43855:url||/assets/images/Picture1-1-1.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"2023 CORHA Fall Meeting Attendees\\\" width=\\\"800\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                      2023 CORHA Fall Meeting Attendees</i></p><p>Priority areas for CORHA members are efforts to enhance awareness of CORHA’s goals and objectives among policymakers, the public, and both public health and healthcare professionals. Council members also strive to increase the utilization of genomic data in outbreak scenarios, enhance public sharing of outbreak information, and address gaps in respiratory illnesses, multidrug-resistant organisms, and outbreaks of non-reportable conditions. Future activities also involve updating existing guidance, such as transforming influenza and COVID-19 guidance into universal respiratory infection guidance.</p><p>As CORHA heads into 2024, the Council will begin working on drafting a new strategic map for 2025 onwards. Fall Meeting discussions will continue to be deepened and expanded upon through workgroup and governance committee activities. Workgroup and Council-wide discussions will frame the direction of CORHA and inform ongoing and future activities to provide the most up-to-date resources to build, standardize, and improve HAI/AR outbreak detection, reporting, investigation, and control. To stay informed on CORHA activities, please continue reading the monthly <a href=\\\"https://naccho.realmagnet.land/corha-correspondence-newsletter\\\">CORHA Correspondence</a> newsletter.</p>\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:15:40','2024-07-31 22:15:40','190992c4-abd1-4e66-89a8-cd55ddd9cb95'),(45735,45439,1,NULL,'__temp_psvfiyzokncevcbyvgspvvhbbwykkibaezoq',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 22:15:40','2024-07-31 22:15:40','6d308111-6762-462c-a241-257859ad4b9a'),(45737,45441,1,'Jennifer Jones, 2023 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Recipient','jennifer-jones-2023-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','news/jennifer-jones-2023-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The Evelyn and Thomas McKnight Family Fund for Patient Safety and the CDC Foundation created the McKnight Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Prize to encourage and reward those who protect patients from harm related to healthcare outbreaks. We’re happy to introduce Jennifer Jones as the 2023 recipient of this prestigious award!</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:1557:url||/assets/images/305fe57496acb9a1db30e7e0795e2bce.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"Jennifer Jones\\\" width=\\\"200\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                          <i> Jennifer Jones</i></p><p>Jennifer Jones, Senior Infection Preventionist at Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, part of Corewell Health in Grand Rapids, Michigan is the recipient of the 2023 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes award for her outstanding response to a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.</p><p>In the Spring of 2022, the Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital’s Infection Prevention team, led by Jennifer, Senior Infection Preventionist, was monitoring hospital-acquired MRSA cases in their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The team identified an outbreak after observing a sudden uptick in MRSA bacteremia cases in a short period of time, prompting an investigation. The infection prevention team utilized their Outbreak Investigation Policy, referenced CDC &amp; APIC resources, and implemented mitigation strategies. Examples of these strategies included mandatory Call-to-Action sessions for all team members who enter the NICU, weekly MRSA screening of all admitted NICU babies, development of a decolonization protocol, and installation of additional hand sanitizer dispensers. Jennifer exemplified outstanding leadership, initiative, and personal commitment as part of a successful effort to protect newborns throughout this outbreak response. CORHA spoke with her about her lessons learned and keys to success.</p><p>Jennifer recognized that during this outbreak, good communication was essential for all stakeholders: parents, staff, leadership, the health department, and CDC. She organized weekly meetings to provide updates during the investigation that could be shared among their teams. Jennifer emphasized that navigating these conversations with partners during an HAI/AR outbreak response is always tough; however, when you provide data to support your rationale and response, it makes the conversations easier.</p><p>A success Jennifer shares is that her staff felt comfortable going to leadership and the infection prevention team with suggestions. For example, during their Call-to-Action sessions, staff felt empowered to notify the infection prevention team that gloves in all sizes were not easily accessible to provide care. Jennifer’s team went onsite with facility and bedside team members to see where they could install a place to house small, medium, and large gloves for staff use. This is just one example of open communication from over 40 suggestions that were provided to Jennifer’s team.</p><p>Sharing key messages with everyone who might enter the NICU space was a challenging and essential part of the outbreak response. Jennifer’s team rounded in the NICU frequently to conduct knowledge surveys (and, of course, hand out candy). This helped them evaluate whether their messaging was reaching the care team and provide real-time observations and feedback. The following is a key insight Jennifer gained while leading the outbreak response:</p><blockquote><p><i>“Get out there and observe what is truly happening and partner with the care team so it doesn’t seem punitive. Walk alongside them in all phases of an outbreak scenario so it remains a partnership between the care team and infection prevention team.”</i></p></blockquote><p>We applaud Jennifer for her leadership, dedication and initiative to ensure a well-coordinated and successful outbreak response.</p><p>To view resources to help your team on patient notification, check out <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=patient-notification\\\">CORHA’s Patient Notification page</a> which includes our <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a>. There, you’ll find advice for timely and transparent communication when faced with your next outbreak response.</p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=spotlight-series\\\">Click here</a> to read more featured stories as part of the Spotlight Series that highlight the successes and challenges experienced on the local, state, and national levels when responding to and managing HAI/AR outbreaks across the healthcare continuum.</p>\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:17:39','2024-07-31 22:17:39','557a4652-30c2-4d63-80a9-e5a9a7ad3eec'),(45739,45443,1,'Jennifer Jones, 2023 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Recipient','jennifer-jones-2023-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','news/jennifer-jones-2023-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The Evelyn and Thomas McKnight Family Fund for Patient Safety and the CDC Foundation created the McKnight Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Prize to encourage and reward those who protect patients from harm related to healthcare outbreaks. We’re happy to introduce Jennifer Jones as the 2023 recipient of this prestigious award!</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:1557:url||/assets/images/305fe57496acb9a1db30e7e0795e2bce.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"Jennifer Jones\\\" width=\\\"200\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                             <i> Jennifer Jones</i></p><p>Jennifer Jones, Senior Infection Preventionist at Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, part of Corewell Health in Grand Rapids, Michigan is the recipient of the 2023 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes award for her outstanding response to a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.</p><p>In the Spring of 2022, the Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital’s Infection Prevention team, led by Jennifer, Senior Infection Preventionist, was monitoring hospital-acquired MRSA cases in their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The team identified an outbreak after observing a sudden uptick in MRSA bacteremia cases in a short period of time, prompting an investigation. The infection prevention team utilized their Outbreak Investigation Policy, referenced CDC &amp; APIC resources, and implemented mitigation strategies. Examples of these strategies included mandatory Call-to-Action sessions for all team members who enter the NICU, weekly MRSA screening of all admitted NICU babies, development of a decolonization protocol, and installation of additional hand sanitizer dispensers. Jennifer exemplified outstanding leadership, initiative, and personal commitment as part of a successful effort to protect newborns throughout this outbreak response. CORHA spoke with her about her lessons learned and keys to success.</p><p>Jennifer recognized that during this outbreak, good communication was essential for all stakeholders: parents, staff, leadership, the health department, and CDC. She organized weekly meetings to provide updates during the investigation that could be shared among their teams. Jennifer emphasized that navigating these conversations with partners during an HAI/AR outbreak response is always tough; however, when you provide data to support your rationale and response, it makes the conversations easier.</p><p>A success Jennifer shares is that her staff felt comfortable going to leadership and the infection prevention team with suggestions. For example, during their Call-to-Action sessions, staff felt empowered to notify the infection prevention team that gloves in all sizes were not easily accessible to provide care. Jennifer’s team went onsite with facility and bedside team members to see where they could install a place to house small, medium, and large gloves for staff use. This is just one example of open communication from over 40 suggestions that were provided to Jennifer’s team.</p><p>Sharing key messages with everyone who might enter the NICU space was a challenging and essential part of the outbreak response. Jennifer’s team rounded in the NICU frequently to conduct knowledge surveys (and, of course, hand out candy). This helped them evaluate whether their messaging was reaching the care team and provide real-time observations and feedback. The following is a key insight Jennifer gained while leading the outbreak response:</p><p> </p><blockquote><p><i>“Get out there and observe what is truly happening and partner with the care team so it doesn’t seem punitive. Walk alongside them in all phases of an outbreak scenario so it remains a partnership between the care team and infection prevention team.”</i></p></blockquote><p> </p><p>We applaud Jennifer for her leadership, dedication and initiative to ensure a well-coordinated and successful outbreak response.</p><p>To view resources to help your team on patient notification, check out <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=patient-notification\\\">CORHA’s Patient Notification page</a> which includes our <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a>. There, you’ll find advice for timely and transparent communication when faced with your next outbreak response.</p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=spotlight-series\\\">Click here</a> to read more featured stories as part of the Spotlight Series that highlight the successes and challenges experienced on the local, state, and national levels when responding to and managing HAI/AR outbreaks across the healthcare continuum.</p>\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:18:20','2024-07-31 22:18:20','f5df896e-2719-4dcd-91c2-7404c58d235b'),(45740,45444,1,'Leadership: Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian','leadership-dr-natasha-bagdasarian','news/leadership-dr-natasha-bagdasarian','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>For almost 20 years, my <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/leadership/\\\">career</a> has focused on hospital epidemiology, infection prevention and control (IPC), and antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP), so I am excited about joining this group of like-minded folks.</p><p>My blended international and state-level perspectives have helped me identify opportunities in IPC guidance, and to ponder ways health care and public health could work together. Now, more than ever, it is crucial to strengthen the relationships between public health and healthcare. Communication and relationship building are critical. CORHA is well positioned to assist this effort. For example, the Council brings public health and healthcare partners together to engage in dialogue about some of the most pressing issues facing us today, such as strengthening public health infrastructure, increasing trust in messaging and communication, building and deepening relationships with community members, and prioritizing health equity.</p><p>We are in a moment when outbreak and pandemic preparedness is experiencing greater visibility, and this is our opportunity to ask for the things public health needs: flexible funding, robust data infrastructure and workforce support. This is also a good time to communicate about what public health does and why this work is so important. In my new leadership role with CORHA, representing the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, I will work on these initiatives and further the Council’s mission, vision, and goals of protecting patients from outbreaks.</p><p>I feel passionate about addressing the issues of health care-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance and improving outbreak preparedness at all levels—national, state, community. I look forward to meeting and working with others who share these interests with CORHA!</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45446:url||/assets/images/headshots/Dr_Natsha_Bagdasarian-1-214x300.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"Natasha Bagdasarian\\\" width=\\\"214\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                   Natasha Bagdasarian</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Natasha Bagdasarian, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:20:18','2024-07-31 22:24:42','ab6bbe9e-4ce6-4ef3-b954-71b6e5536725'),(45741,45445,1,NULL,'__temp_xhxhvdrvfbmsbbjxmskvohnaundrsrsmtwij',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 22:20:21','2024-07-31 22:20:21','4d24fe49-1d82-456f-af68-9dff87547aa1'),(45742,45446,1,'Dr Natsha Bagdasarian 1 214x300',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 22:23:00','2024-07-31 22:23:00','09ce1a0a-acba-4fa1-9bdc-3719a262267c'),(45743,45446,2,'Dr Natsha Bagdasarian 1 214x300',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 22:23:00','2024-07-31 22:23:00','798c4c14-2226-40be-93b0-f3d24e8db05a'),(45744,45447,1,'Leadership: Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian','leadership-dr-natasha-bagdasarian','news/leadership-dr-natasha-bagdasarian','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>For almost 20 years, my <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/leadership/\\\">career</a> has focused on hospital epidemiology, infection prevention and control (IPC), and antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP), so I am excited about joining this group of like-minded folks.</p><p>My blended international and state-level perspectives have helped me identify opportunities in IPC guidance, and to ponder ways health care and public health could work together. Now, more than ever, it is crucial to strengthen the relationships between public health and healthcare. Communication and relationship building are critical. CORHA is well positioned to assist this effort. For example, the Council brings public health and healthcare partners together to engage in dialogue about some of the most pressing issues facing us today, such as strengthening public health infrastructure, increasing trust in messaging and communication, building and deepening relationships with community members, and prioritizing health equity.</p><p>We are in a moment when outbreak and pandemic preparedness is experiencing greater visibility, and this is our opportunity to ask for the things public health needs: flexible funding, robust data infrastructure and workforce support. This is also a good time to communicate about what public health does and why this work is so important. In my new leadership role with CORHA, representing the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, I will work on these initiatives and further the Council’s mission, vision, and goals of protecting patients from outbreaks.</p><p>I feel passionate about addressing the issues of health care-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance and improving outbreak preparedness at all levels—national, state, community. I look forward to meeting and working with others who share these interests with CORHA!</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45446:url||/assets/images/headshots/Dr_Natsha_Bagdasarian-1-214x300.jpg}\\\" width=\\\"214\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" alt=\\\"Natasha Bagdasarian\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                       Natasha Bagdasarian</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Natasha Bagdasarian, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:23:39','2024-07-31 22:23:39','979b38fc-0096-47ba-afb8-cc3f619dfe7d'),(45745,45448,1,NULL,'__temp_xhxhvdrvfbmsbbjxmskvohnaundrsrsmtwij',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-07-31 22:23:39','2024-07-31 22:23:39','783dd315-3fc0-483a-9cbb-4e1495094a9b'),(45747,45450,1,'Leadership: Dr. Natasha Bagdasarian','leadership-dr-natasha-bagdasarian','news/leadership-dr-natasha-bagdasarian','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>For almost 20 years, my <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/leadership/\\\">career</a> has focused on hospital epidemiology, infection prevention and control (IPC), and antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASP), so I am excited about joining this group of like-minded folks.</p><p>My blended international and state-level perspectives have helped me identify opportunities in IPC guidance, and to ponder ways health care and public health could work together. Now, more than ever, it is crucial to strengthen the relationships between public health and healthcare. Communication and relationship building are critical. CORHA is well positioned to assist this effort. For example, the Council brings public health and healthcare partners together to engage in dialogue about some of the most pressing issues facing us today, such as strengthening public health infrastructure, increasing trust in messaging and communication, building and deepening relationships with community members, and prioritizing health equity.</p><p>We are in a moment when outbreak and pandemic preparedness is experiencing greater visibility, and this is our opportunity to ask for the things public health needs: flexible funding, robust data infrastructure and workforce support. This is also a good time to communicate about what public health does and why this work is so important. In my new leadership role with CORHA, representing the Association of State and Territorial Health Officials, I will work on these initiatives and further the Council’s mission, vision, and goals of protecting patients from outbreaks.</p><p>I feel passionate about addressing the issues of health care-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance and improving outbreak preparedness at all levels—national, state, community. I look forward to meeting and working with others who share these interests with CORHA!</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:45446:url||/assets/images/headshots/Dr_Natsha_Bagdasarian-1-214x300.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"Natasha Bagdasarian\\\" width=\\\"214\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                   Natasha Bagdasarian</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Natasha Bagdasarian, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-07-31 22:24:42','2024-07-31 22:24:42','c9af83bf-4b46-4b58-961b-5c47e9ce4f24'),(45750,45453,1,'Category A waste processing and disposal is a critical weakness in the United States response plans for outbreaks of high consequence infectious diseases','category-a-waste-processing-and-disposal-is-a-critical-weakness-in-the-united-states-response-plans-for-outbreaks-of-high-consequence-infectious-diseases','outbreak-news/category-a-waste-processing-and-disposal-is-a-critical-weakness-in-the-united-states-response-plans-for-outbreaks-of-high-consequence-infectious-diseases',NULL,1,'2024-07-31 23:05:01','2024-07-31 23:05:01','3a2e457b-e426-48a2-8c57-d49e7fbd014a'),(45751,45454,1,NULL,'__temp_feoobtvlyxpxwdlvdehnnsvagbogxzimenbv',NULL,'{\"46f8fcfe-c756-437a-ab02-62c34cb70433\": \"American Journal of Infection Control\", \"d327c84a-a0ba-403a-932c-9a807624e3ef\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-17 12:00:57\"}, \"f9e1c7bb-0351-432a-beb2-a1562d8f7e7e\": \"https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(23)00604-1/abstractCategory+A+waste+processing+and+disposal+is+a+critical+weakness+in+the+United+States+response+plans+for+outbreaks+of+high+consequence+infectious+diseasesCategory+A+waste+processing+and+disposal+is+a+critical+weakness+in+the+United+States+response+plans+for+outbreaks+of+high+consequence+infectious+diseasesCategory+A+waste+processing+and+disposal+is+a+critical+weakness+in+the+United+States+response+plans+for+outbreaks+of+high+consequence+infectious+diseasesCategory+A+waste+processing+and+disposal+is+a+critical+weakness+in+the+United+States+response+plans+for+outbreaks+of+high+consequence+infectious+diseasesCategory+A+waste+processing+and+disposal+is+a+critical+weakness+in+the+United+States+response+plans+for+outbreaks+of+high+consequence+infectious+diseases\"}',1,'2024-07-31 23:05:01','2024-07-31 23:05:01','4180ae75-b9d7-4aca-8b39-f79a8da095b5'),(45754,45457,1,'Category A waste processing and disposal is a critical weakness in the United States response plans for outbreaks of high consequence infectious diseases','category-a-waste-processing-and-disposal-is-a-critical-weakness-in-the-united-states-response-plans-for-outbreaks-of-high-consequence-infectious-diseases','outbreak-news/category-a-waste-processing-and-disposal-is-a-critical-weakness-in-the-united-states-response-plans-for-outbreaks-of-high-consequence-infectious-diseases',NULL,1,'2024-07-31 23:05:13','2024-07-31 23:05:13','aa9a20e0-06e2-45b9-8c48-121bd4686577'),(45755,45458,1,NULL,'__temp_feoobtvlyxpxwdlvdehnnsvagbogxzimenbv',NULL,'{\"46f8fcfe-c756-437a-ab02-62c34cb70433\": \"American Journal of Infection Control\", \"d327c84a-a0ba-403a-932c-9a807624e3ef\": {\"date\": \"2024-07-17 12:00:57\"}, \"f9e1c7bb-0351-432a-beb2-a1562d8f7e7e\": \"https://www.ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-6553(23)00604-1/abstract\"}',1,'2024-07-31 23:05:13','2024-07-31 23:05:13','7fa94571-8c4b-4eb8-a8f5-e9c10dfeb055'),(45758,45461,1,'Lisa Hannah, 2022 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Recipient','lisa-hannah-2022-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','news/lisa-hannah-2022-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The Evelyn and Thomas McKnight Family Fund for Patient Safety and the CDC Foundation created the McKnight Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Prize to encourage and recognize those who serve and protect patients from harm related to healthcare outbreaks. </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43834:url||/assets/images/Lisa-Hannah-276x300.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"Lisa Hannah\\\" width=\\\"276\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                           <i>               Lisa Hannah</i></p><p>Lisa Hannah, RN, CIC, is the Infection Prevention Team Supervisor at the Washington State Department of Health. Her infection prevention and control work during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and her dedication to serving rural counties across Washington state earned her the 2022 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes.</p><p>Hannah is a nursing consultant advisor in the Washington State Department of Health’s Office of Communicable Disease Epidemiology. In her role, she led 300 COVID-19 healthcare outbreak and infection prevention site visits across 70% of Washington state’s counties, many of them hard-hit rural areas. Hannah built a robust and multi-disciplinary HAI/AR team to offer support to healthcare facilities within 24 hours of notification of an outbreak. The team developed and implemented a workplace resiliency training program to provide resources for staff to avoid burnout and support work-life balance. The team also converted the manual Facility Outreach and Infection Control Assessment and Response tracking process into REDCap to collect real-time data to optimize response times and project development efforts. </p><p>Hannah also strengthened infection prevention and control by empowering healthcare facilities with training and educational resources. She expanded the infection preventionists’ (IP’s) capacity to include dialysis clinics, oncology clinics, dental and ambulatory settings, in addition to acute and long-term care.  </p><p>Hannah overcame many obstacles throughout the pandemic, including vague and shifting guidance, scarce PPE and testing resources, and the lack of electronic systems in place for tracking outreach and outbreak response.  </p><blockquote><p>“Observing the fear, sadness, anxiety, and other emotions of the healthcare workers was something I had not experienced as an IP before this. Working with the staff and administration left me feeling that most often the facilities were doing the best they could with the resources available to them. They were not prepared for this.”   </p></blockquote><p>Hannah credits her success to strong partnerships between local health departments (LHDs) and healthcare facilities, which were built on trust, transparency, and compassion. This allowed for more customized approaches to IPC. Hannah organized the IPs that were assigned to LHDs and the healthcare facilities within that area with the goal of providing consistent support and proactive guidance.  </p><p>Hannah believes the future of HAI/AR response includes strategically evaluating the need for outbreak response and IPC activities with proactive education and outreach. She also highlights the importance of emergency preparedness plans and drills, and maintaining access to fit testing resources, PPE, and testing supplies. </p><p>In recognizing both the progress and challenges faced by the public health community in recent years, Hannah hopes that CORHA’s outreach efforts can promote outbreak investigations in specialty settings, amplify CORHA resources, and increase IP confidence beyond COVID. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/\\\">Click here</a> to learn more about additional Resources and Products developed by CORHA.    </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:05:22','2024-08-01 03:05:22','c798cda3-8b99-4bd0-94af-925f77106485'),(45760,45463,1,'November 2023 Fall Meeting Recap','november-2023-fall-meeting-recap','news/november-2023-fall-meeting-recap','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>CORHA members and partners convened in Atlanta, GA for the annual hybrid CORHA Fall Meeting. Council members engaged in two days of meeting discussions that ranged from data modernization and sharing of HAI/AR data, detection and response for respiratory viruses, and robust breakout sessions from CORHA’s three <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/corha-workgroups/\\\">workgroups</a>. In addition, Council members were briefed on updates to the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">CORHA Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</a> chapters and other products, such as a <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/11/HAI-Patient-Notification-Framework-one-pager_Oct-2023.pdf\\\">one-pager</a> to accompany the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Framework-for-HAI-Outbreak-Notification.pdf\\\">Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a> document.</p><p>The Council also analyzed the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/strategies/\\\">strategic map</a> and considered key strategies for CORHA to achieve its <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/mission-vision-and-membership/\\\">mission, vision, and goals</a>. The primary strategies discussed were (1) review pertinent policies and guidance documents issued by CORHA’s member organizations to ensure they meet the needs of the Council’s stakeholders, and (2) raise awareness amongst policymakers and the public to support HAI/AR outbreak response. In response to these areas of focus, members discussed how CORHA will continue to engage with and identify member organization needs, set priorities, and explore ways to review and disseminate new guidance documents. Members also agreed that endorsement by CORHA is highly valued, and opportunities for CORHA to provide such endorsements and aggregate multidisciplinary feedback will be explored. Addressing the second strategy, members identified that CORHA can collaborate with state health departments for surveillance and data reports, using storytelling and other methods to make data more widely accessible. Finally, leveraging member organizations’ social media for increased CORHA visibility, proactively preparing materials in advance of outbreaks, and rethinking data sharing are other key strategies to further the goals of the Council.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43855:url||/assets/images/Picture1-1-1.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"2023 CORHA Fall Meeting Attendees\\\" width=\\\"800\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                      2023 CORHA Fall Meeting Attendees</i></p><p>Priority areas for CORHA members are efforts to enhance awareness of CORHA’s goals and objectives among policymakers, the public, and both public health and healthcare professionals. Council members also strive to increase the utilization of genomic data in outbreak scenarios, enhance public sharing of outbreak information, and address gaps in respiratory illnesses, multidrug-resistant organisms, and outbreaks of non-reportable conditions. Future activities also involve updating existing guidance, such as transforming influenza and COVID-19 guidance into universal respiratory infection guidance.</p><p>As CORHA heads into 2024, the Council will begin working on drafting a new strategic map for 2025 onwards. Fall Meeting discussions will continue to be deepened and expanded upon through workgroup and governance committee activities. Workgroup and Council-wide discussions will frame the direction of CORHA and inform ongoing and future activities to provide the most up-to-date resources to build, standardize, and improve HAI/AR outbreak detection, reporting, investigation, and control. To stay informed on CORHA activities, please continue reading the monthly <a href=\\\"https://naccho.realmagnet.land/corha-correspondence-newsletter\\\">CORHA Correspondence</a> newsletter.</p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Grace Lee, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:07:08','2024-08-01 03:07:08','a53e0198-5219-4e11-9b07-760f8521b1b1'),(45762,45465,1,'Jennifer Jones, 2023 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Recipient','jennifer-jones-2023-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','news/jennifer-jones-2023-mcknight-prize-for-healthcare-outbreak-heroes-recipient','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The Evelyn and Thomas McKnight Family Fund for Patient Safety and the CDC Foundation created the McKnight Healthcare Outbreak Heroes Prize to encourage and reward those who protect patients from harm related to healthcare outbreaks. We’re happy to introduce Jennifer Jones as the 2023 recipient of this prestigious award!</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:1557:url||/assets/images/305fe57496acb9a1db30e7e0795e2bce.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"Jennifer Jones\\\" width=\\\"200\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                             <i> Jennifer Jones</i></p><p>Jennifer Jones, Senior Infection Preventionist at Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital, part of Corewell Health in Grand Rapids, Michigan is the recipient of the 2023 McKnight Prize for Healthcare Outbreak Heroes award for her outstanding response to a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit.</p><p>In the Spring of 2022, the Helen DeVos Children’s Hospital’s Infection Prevention team, led by Jennifer, Senior Infection Preventionist, was monitoring hospital-acquired MRSA cases in their Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). The team identified an outbreak after observing a sudden uptick in MRSA bacteremia cases in a short period of time, prompting an investigation. The infection prevention team utilized their Outbreak Investigation Policy, referenced CDC &amp; APIC resources, and implemented mitigation strategies. Examples of these strategies included mandatory Call-to-Action sessions for all team members who enter the NICU, weekly MRSA screening of all admitted NICU babies, development of a decolonization protocol, and installation of additional hand sanitizer dispensers. Jennifer exemplified outstanding leadership, initiative, and personal commitment as part of a successful effort to protect newborns throughout this outbreak response. CORHA spoke with her about her lessons learned and keys to success.</p><p>Jennifer recognized that during this outbreak, good communication was essential for all stakeholders: parents, staff, leadership, the health department, and CDC. She organized weekly meetings to provide updates during the investigation that could be shared among their teams. Jennifer emphasized that navigating these conversations with partners during an HAI/AR outbreak response is always tough; however, when you provide data to support your rationale and response, it makes the conversations easier.</p><p>A success Jennifer shares is that her staff felt comfortable going to leadership and the infection prevention team with suggestions. For example, during their Call-to-Action sessions, staff felt empowered to notify the infection prevention team that gloves in all sizes were not easily accessible to provide care. Jennifer’s team went onsite with facility and bedside team members to see where they could install a place to house small, medium, and large gloves for staff use. This is just one example of open communication from over 40 suggestions that were provided to Jennifer’s team.</p><p>Sharing key messages with everyone who might enter the NICU space was a challenging and essential part of the outbreak response. Jennifer’s team rounded in the NICU frequently to conduct knowledge surveys (and, of course, hand out candy). This helped them evaluate whether their messaging was reaching the care team and provide real-time observations and feedback. The following is a key insight Jennifer gained while leading the outbreak response:</p><p> </p><blockquote><p><i>“Get out there and observe what is truly happening and partner with the care team so it doesn’t seem punitive. Walk alongside them in all phases of an outbreak scenario so it remains a partnership between the care team and infection prevention team.”</i></p></blockquote><p> </p><p>We applaud Jennifer for her leadership, dedication and initiative to ensure a well-coordinated and successful outbreak response.</p><p>To view resources to help your team on patient notification, check out <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=patient-notification\\\">CORHA’s Patient Notification page</a> which includes our <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-framework-for-healthcare-associated-infection-outbreak-notification/\\\">Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</a>. There, you’ll find advice for timely and transparent communication when faced with your next outbreak response.</p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=spotlight-series\\\">Click here</a> to read more featured stories as part of the Spotlight Series that highlight the successes and challenges experienced on the local, state, and national levels when responding to and managing HAI/AR outbreaks across the healthcare continuum.</p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:08:10','2024-08-01 03:08:10','ba0bbe73-89b9-4b2c-8cc8-831c1d57ea87'),(45764,45467,1,'November 2022 Fall Meeting Recap','november-2022-fall-meeting-recap','news/november-2022-fall-meeting-recap','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>In early November 2022, after almost three years of virtual meetings, council representatives and workgroup members convened in Atlanta, GA for the hybrid CORHA Fall Meeting. This two-day meeting consisted of robust discussions, informative presentations, and productive workgroup sessions aimed at improving healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) outbreak response. Meeting attendees discussed CORHA’s Strategic Map and reflected on their experiences leading the COVID-19 pandemic response, applying the successes and lessons learned from the response to CORHA’s goal of improving current and future HAI/AR outbreak response.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43873:url||/assets/images/Fall-2022-Meeting-scaled.jpg}\\\" alt=\\\"CORHA Fall 2022 Meeting Attendees\\\" width=\\\"1200\\\" height=\\\"1200\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                     CORHA Fall 2022 Meeting Attendees</i></p><p>The COVID-19 Pandemic significantly tested and strained our healthcare systems and public health professionals while illuminating the many challenges of responding to the outbreak. Meeting attendees noted that waterborne pathogens such as legionella, fungal infections such as <i>Candida auris</i> and other common respiratory viruses were pathogens of concern that can similarly test our healthcare outbreak response capacities<i>. </i>CORHA has proven to be a vital resource for both healthcare and public health professionals, as well as their leadership. Members and partners have utilized the newly updated <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/COVID-19-HC-Outbreak-Definition-Guidance_November-2023.pdf\\\"><i>Reporting Thresholds and Outbreak Definitions for COVID-19 in Healthcare Settings</i></a> document, as well as the CORHA Policy Workgroup’s <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Framework-for-HAI-Outbreak-Notification.pdf\\\"><i>Framework for Healthcare-Associated Infection Outbreak Notification</i></a> document. CORHA is growing into a trusted resource by providing and packaging timely HAI/AR outbreak response guidance and recommendations. The Fall Meeting reinvigorated CORHA’s member organizations to not only update and refine existing products to reflect evolving needs, but also develop new resources and tools for future healthcare outbreaks.</p><p>Meeting discussions highlighted many opportunities to expand the reach and increase visibility of the Council’s work. First, member organization representatives discussed improving bi-directional communication and coordination between local, state, federal, and private sectors to promote and share the Council’s work. Additionally, attendees identified that CORHA would benefit from more strategic engagement with other organizations, such as hospital associations and licensing or accrediting agencies. Finally, members explored ideas such as developing one-pagers for CORHA products, establishing an ambassador program, and using social media as strategies for boosting engagement.</p><p>Discussions from the Fall Meeting will inform ongoing and future CORHA activities to provide the most up-to-date resources to build, standardize, and improve HAI/AR outbreak detection, reporting, investigation, and control. To stay informed on CORHA activities, please consider sharing relevant resources to your professional networks and communication channels. You are also encouraged to subscribe to the monthly <a href=\\\"https://naccho.realmagnet.land/corha-correspondence-newsletter\\\">CORHA Correspondence newsletter</a> and submit <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/contact-us/\\\">feedback</a> on CORHA products.</p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Grace Lee, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:11:08','2024-08-01 03:11:08','dcbb0d7d-93b1-4b13-90d1-21b016d6a7ec'),(45766,45469,1,'Introducing CORHA’s Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response and its Importance','introducing-corhas-principles-and-practices-for-healthcare-outbreak-response-and-its-importance','news/introducing-corhas-principles-and-practices-for-healthcare-outbreak-response-and-its-importance','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p><i>Chapters 1-5</i> </p><p>The field of healthcare epidemiology has expanded tremendously and now encompasses an extensive network of stakeholders working collaboratively across healthcare settings, government agencies, and partner organizations to decrease healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistance (AR). The <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">CORHA Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak Response</a> is a comprehensive reference that covers key concepts and topics related to HAI/AR outbreak detection, reporting, investigation, and control. </p><p>In its final form, the Principles and Practices will consist of 8 chapters and 2 supplemental documents. CORHA is excited to announce that the first 5 chapters are now available.  </p><p>Chapter 1, “Overview,” introduces some basic concepts and terms, such as “HAI/AR outbreak” and “response,” and provides an outline and guide to subsequent chapters.  </p><p>Chapter 2, “Fundamental Concepts,” focuses on the background and basis for surveillance of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial resistant (AR) pathogens, as well as associated outbreak response activities. </p><p> Chapter 3,” Planning and Preparation,” discusses strategies that public health agencies and other partners can use to create a strong foundation for healthcare outbreak response. Topics include communications, legal authorities, escalation, recovery and follow-up, as well as potential implementation of incident command systems. </p><p>Chapter 4, “Outbreak Detection and Reporting, “examines the detection and reporting of potential outbreaks, including detection via reports and through use of surveillance data. Definitions of sentinel cases, clusters, and outbreaks are described. </p><p>Chapter 5, “Investigation and Control,” reviews the goals of a healthcare outbreak investigation and includes collections of resources to support and improve the HAI/AR outbreak response. The chapter is arranged to follow the steps typically involved in a healthcare outbreak investigation. </p><p>With the publication of its <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles and Practices for Healthcare Outbreak</a>, CORHA aims to equip public health, healthcare, and other stakeholders with a useful resource to build on and improve their healthcare outbreak response capacities and practices. </p><p><a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/\\\">Click here</a> to learn more about additional Resources and Products developed by CORHA.  </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Jaclyn Abramson, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:12:31','2024-08-01 03:12:31','f55eb2bb-8f49-4ac6-b388-0d8c732ac530'),(45768,45471,1,'CORHA Governance Committee CSTE Roundtable Discussion','corha-governance-committee-cste-roundtable-discussion','news/corha-governance-committee-cste-roundtable-discussion','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>On June 21, CORHA Governance Committee members Drs. Erin Epson and Dawn Terashita convened 150 people for a virtual roundtable discussion at the annual <a href=\\\"https://www.csteconference.org/\\\">CSTE Conference</a> where they provided an overview of CORHA’s <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/corha-governance-committee-members/mission-vision-and-membership/\\\">mission and goals</a>, the current progress of the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\">Principles and Practices for Outbreak Response</a> (P&amp;P), and other ongoing Council work. They highlighted CORHA’s P&amp;P and pathogen-specific products and described how these tools can prepare public health and healthcare practitioners for HAI/AR outbreak responses as well as assisting in onboarding new infection prevention and control staff, implementing HAI/AR epidemiology competency trainings, establishing HAI/AR outbreak definitions, and providing guidance for case reporting.</p><p>Attendees and facilitators engaged in a robust conversation on their engagement with the Council’s current products and provided suggestions for future work for CORHA to consider to further improve HAI/AR outbreak investigation and response. Many of the roundtable attendees discussed how they have turned to CORHA for recommendations and guidance, especially during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p>The facilitators solicited feedback from attendees regarding the use of infection control assessment and response (ICAR) tools and the responses were mixed. Some attendees said they used CDC’s ICAR tools, while others used CORHA’s <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources-and-products/?filter_cat=toolkits\\\">templates</a> and some developed their own workflows within their state and local agencies for infection prevention and control efforts, such as conducting pre-site visit calls using a motivational interview approach. An underlying theme that united all these ICAR approaches was the need for collaboration between public health agencies and healthcare facilities, especially when the sectors may have competing needs and priorities. While defining roles, responsibilities, and regulatory requirements is important, public health and healthcare should aim to begin building and leveraging their relationships <i>before</i> an outbreak occurs. This ultimately creates the most collaborative space for public health agencies and healthcare facilities to work together to respond to outbreaks.</p><p>Drs. Epson and Terashita closed the session by discussing products that will be considered for development such as one-pagers for the chapters of the P&amp;P, standardized online tools for ICARs, guidance for non-licensed facilities, updated pathogen-specific thresholds and definitions, and a database where healthcare facilities can track and report HAI/AR outbreaks.</p><p>To stay informed on new and updated CORHA products, please consider subscribing to the monthly <a href=\\\"https://naccho.realmagnet.land/corha-correspondence-newsletter\\\">CORHA Correspondence newsletter</a>. CORHA will continue to work on providing the most up-to-date evidence-based resources for healthcare and public health professionals who aim to build, standardize, and improve HAI/AR outbreak detection, reporting, investigation, and control. CORHA members also welcome <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/contact-us/\\\">feedback</a> on CORHA products.</p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Grace Lee, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:14:08','2024-08-01 03:14:08','c57b899a-9023-4f4b-ba81-e7bcbdd5dd31'),(45770,45473,1,'Leadership: Pandemic Response – Public Health Laboratories Rise to the Challenges, with Kelly Wroblewski, Association of Public Health Laboratories','leadership-pandemic-response-public-health-laboratories-rise-to-the-challenges-with-kelly-wroblewski-association-of-public-health-laboratories','news/leadership-pandemic-response-public-health-laboratories-rise-to-the-challenges-with-kelly-wroblewski-association-of-public-health-laboratories','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Public health laboratories are foundational to our nation’s public health infrastructure. While the COVID-19 pandemic response presented many significant challenges for public health laboratories, it has also provided opportunities to strengthen partnerships and implement new technologies that will enhance the ability to detect and respond to healthcare associated infections (HAIs) moving forward.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><a href=\\\"{asset:43913:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43913/Kelly-Wroblewski.webp}\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43913:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43913/Kelly-Wroblewski.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Kelly Wroblewski\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></a></figure><p>                                                                      <i>                Kelly Wroblewski</i></p><p>From the earliest days of the COVID-19 response, public health laboratories faced scarcity of laboratory reagents and supplies, staff shortages, inability to meet high testing demands, and outdated test ordering and reporting systems. Although several of those challenges remain, public health laboratories have adapted to the pandemic response by installing high throughput testing platforms, implementing electronic test order and result systems, enhancing their capability and capacity to perform genomic surveillance, and establishing training programs for point of care testing.</p><p>Public health laboratories’ genomic sequencing capacity is one of the most striking examples of technologic advancements made during the pandemic. While the recent COVID-19 Omicron variant wave exacerbated ongoing issues with testing, it also highlighted the significant developments made in genomic sequencing capacity and the ability of health departments to effectively utilize point of care tests performed in a wide variety of healthcare settings, both of which were not common practices early in the pandemic. Since March 2020, the number of public health laboratories that are performing genomic sequencing for SARS-CoV-2 to monitor the emergence and spread of variants and identify transmission networks has increased from five to 71.</p><p>Partnerships with HAI/AR programs, healthcare facilities and other entities have also been vital in preventing the spread of COVID-19 in healthcare settings. During the early stages of the pandemic, it quickly became apparent that residents of congregate settings would be at the highest risk of contracting COVID-19 and would be especially vulnerable to severe illness and death. Given this, public health laboratories worked with partners to rapidly develop interventions to respond to these populations’ unique needs.</p><p>Some of the most significant partnerships between public health laboratories and HAI/AR programs during the pandemic occurred through interventions aimed at limiting transmission and preventing outbreaks in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). To support implementation of a CMS testing directive encouraging serial screening of residents and health care personnel (HCP) to facilitate rapid case identification, public health laboratories worked with HAI/AR programs and LTCFs to develop testing training programs, extend CLIA licenses, support acquisition of CLIA certificates of waiver, and establish mechanisms for reporting. Notably, a collaboration between Minnesota’s HAI/AR program and public health laboratories demonstrated the <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/69/wr/mm6937a3.htm\\\">importance of serial screening in LTCFs to limit the spread of COVID-19</a>, and the utility of genomic sequencing to determine the source of transmission. In addition, the Michigan Department of Health developed a <a href=\\\"https://www.michigan.gov/coronavirus/0,9753,7-406-98178_100722---,00.html\\\">COVID-19 webpage</a> specific to LTCFs with training materials and videos that public health laboratories helped develop to ensure that testing is conducted properly.</p><p>Gains made during the COVID-19 pandemic response can be leveraged to improve detection, reporting, response, and investigation of future HAI/AR outbreaks. For example, public health laboratories’ advancements in performing genomic sequencing are already being applied to support SARS-CoV-2 testing, as well as other HAIs and AR pathogens including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales and <i>Candida auris</i>. HAI/AR programs and public health laboratories partnerships that were strengthened during the pandemic will continue to be valuable for sustainable and innovative approaches to prevent and control HAI/AR outbreaks. Similarly, public health laboratories’ experiences are helping inform development of resources such as CORHA’s product offerings and will continue to equip health departments and healthcare facilities with the tools to improve HAI/AR outbreak responses.</p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Kelly Wroblewski, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:18:15','2024-08-01 03:18:15','c719dedc-05a3-4ac7-a1db-1b98298b26bb'),(45772,45475,1,'Leadership: Dawn Terashita & Zachary Rubin, Los Angeles County Department of Public Health on the Future of HAI/AR Response in the Face of COVID-19','leadership-dawn-terashita-zachary-rubin-los-angeles-county-department-of-public-health-on-the-future-of-hai-ar-response-in-the-face-of-covid-19','news/leadership-dawn-terashita-zachary-rubin-los-angeles-county-department-of-public-health-on-the-future-of-hai-ar-response-in-the-face-of-covid-19','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>COVID-19 has impacted healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial-resistant (HAI/AR) threats across all healthcare settings. Los Angeles County saw an increase in HAIs, such as central line bloodstream infections (CLABSI) as a result of many facilities changing their CLABSI prevention efforts to accommodate the challenges of caring for COVID-19 patients. Additionally, Los Angeles County saw an increase of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs), such as <i>Candida auris</i>, due to personal protective equipment (PPE) practices being altered early in the pandemic due to severe shortages. Despite the difficulties brought on by COVID-19, awareness of infection prevention efforts has improved over the last two years, especially in nursing homes.  </p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has had both negative and positive impacts on infection prevention in healthcare. The negative impacts, such as PPE shortages, staffing shortages, facility crowding, frequent moving of patients throughout the facilities due to COVID-related cohorting, and lack of focus on identifying and containing MDROs, contributed to increased MDRO spread. The positive impacts include new legislative actions, increased funding, and building stronger relationships and partnerships to support infection prevention efforts across the healthcare community. California introduced a new state law requiring all nursing homes to employ a full-time infection preventionist (IP). Funding opportunities from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at the local and state level have helped to improve infection control and has provided some much-needed resources for nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. Increased funding, stakeholder engagement, and requirements for infection preventionists have helped shaped the backbone for an unprecedented future educational program centered on infection prevention within nursing homes.  </p><p>There are many insights that we have gained while leading the Healthcare Outreach Unit at the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health that can help improve HAI/AR response. We believe that stakeholder engagement is a key to success for health departments. Programs rolled-out by public health departments should be developed in conjunction with stakeholders and should address the concerns that these stakeholders bring to the table. As an example, to support nursing homes, we have hired two geriatricians and nurses with experience working in this setting, who understand many of the concerns and constraints present in these facilities, and already have relationships in the field. We have learned that you should not underestimate the importance of giving each nursing home a specific public health nurse to work with and build rapport. We have also strengthened our ties with the leadership in individual nursing homes and with the nursing homes operators, which helps to improve stakeholder buy-in and input. We plan to use the engagement and trust that we have developed over the last two years to elevate infection prevention across all nursing homes through standardized template policies and training, instead of allowing each facility to develop their IP program unilaterally, which is what many facilities have done in the past with mixed success. </p><p>Overall, we believe the future of HAI/AR response success is dependent on the ability to adapt and remain flexible while refocusing activities beyond COVID-19. The <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/\\\">Council for Outbreak Response: Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogen (CORHA)</a> plays a vital role in improving practices and policies at the local, state, and national levels regarding HAI/AR outbreaks across the healthcare continuum. We hope that through sharing our experience we can help promote CORHA’s mission to improve practices and policies for the detection, investigation, control, and prevention of HAI/AR outbreaks, with other local health departments and healthcare facilities. </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43897:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43897/Capture.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Dawn Terashita\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"395\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                              <i>        Dawn Terashita</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43921:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43921/Zachary-Rubin.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Zachary Rubin\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"300\\\" /></figure><p>                                                                                        <i> Zachary Rubin</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Dawn Terashita, MD, MPH, FACPM & Zachary Rubin, MD\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:20:56','2024-08-01 03:20:56','137f2e7d-299b-4add-965f-e697b4352d93'),(45774,45477,1,'Leadership: New CDC Funding Recognizes Healthcare Outbreak Response Needs','leadership-new-cdc-funding-recognizes-healthcare-outbreak-response-needs','news/leadership-new-cdc-funding-recognizes-healthcare-outbreak-response-needs','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The Biden-Harris Administration and CDC recently announced a $2.1 billion investment as part of the American Rescue Plan (ARP), to improve infection prevention and control activities across the U.S. public health and healthcare sectors. Health departments received $885 million of this total in late October 2021 to support this work. CORHA interviewed Dr. Joe Perz, our lead representative from CDC and a Governance Committee member, to learn more about the funding.</p><h2><i>What is the new funding we’ve been hearing about?</i></h2><p>The initial funding is divided between two projects that are managed under a <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dpei/epidemiology-laboratory-capacity.html\\\">CDC cooperative agreement with health departments</a>. One of these is the <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dpei/pdf/guidance-nursing-home-ltc-facility-strike-team-and-infastructure-508.pdf\\\">Nursing Home &amp; Long-term Care Facility Strike Team and Infrastructure Project</a> which totals $500 million. The other is the <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dpei/pdf/guidance-strengthening-haiar-program-capicity-508.pdf\\\">Strengthening HAI/AR Program (SHARP) Capacity Project</a> which totals $385 million.</p><h2><i>How is healthcare outbreak response reflected in the new funding?</i></h2><p>Healthcare outbreak response is clearly recognized as a core function and essential need in both new funding opportunities, which cover the response continuum beginning with outbreak detection and extending to on-site investigation as well as longer-term follow-up activities to prevent a recurrence.</p><h2><i>Can you unpack that a bit, in relation to the Nursing Home &amp; Long-term Care Project?</i></h2><p>Sure, the <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dpei/pdf/guidance-nursing-home-ltc-facility-strike-team-and-infastructure-508.pdf\\\">LTC Project Guidance</a> includes a directive to support nursing homes – and other types of long-term care facilities – with COVID-19 outbreak response. That’s the primary motivation, and the funding can be used to support the rapid reactive activities – like testing, cohorting, infection control auditing, and even supplemental staffing – when SARS-CoV-2 has entered a facility and transmission is ramping up.</p><p>The allowable activities also support more proactive measures, like helping equip facilities with technology for infection tracking and reporting or communication with health department partners. In addition, we are supportive of creative approaches for staff recruitment, development, and retention.</p><p>The overall aim here is to build infection prevention infrastructure and achieve a greater quality of care. In other words, greater resilience to SARS-CoV-2 and outbreaks more generally. Susceptibility to the rapid spread of infections is something that nursing homes really must guard against, given the congregate and residential nature of long-term care.</p><h2><i>And what about the SHARP Project?</i></h2><p>Same spirit, spread farther. The SHARP funds are intended to enhance health department HAI/AR (healthcare associated infections/antimicrobial resistance) Program activities across all healthcare settings, not limited to long-term care. The <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dpei/pdf/guidance-strengthening-haiar-program-capicity-508.pdf\\\">SHARP project guidance</a> reflects the central challenge that CORHA was originally founded on, which was the need to build capacity for public health and healthcare to improve outbreak detection, response and prevention. This requires close collaboration and relationship building between public health professionals and healthcare providers, which has been growing steadily but could really blossom now with these ARP-supported investments.</p><p>Outbreak detection should improve thanks to SHARP activities related to both the AR Lab Network and National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN). These will enhance surveillance for drug-resistant pathogens and HAIs, providing data for action. Likewise, outbreak investigation should benefit from additional staffing and increased engagement with healthcare partners.</p><p>SHARP encourages health departments to build HAI/AR prevention and response capacity throughout their jurisdictions, such as expanded use of local and regional approaches to address HAI/AR threats and controlling the spread of resistant pathogens. The guidance describes requirements for funded HAI/AR programs to establish a lead position to coordinate and oversee HAI response activities and to train staff in outbreak response.</p><h2><i>Advice for CORHA and its member organizations?</i></h2><p>Yes, let’s lean into this opportunity. CORHA is identified as a key source for healthcare outbreak training resources. It would be great to see increased activities in that realm, including collaboration with CORHA’s member organizations to improve and expand our collective offerings.</p><p>Both of the new projects emphasize direct engagement with individual facilities. The SHARP project references activities such as medical product investigations, targeted AR threats, molecular testing methods, patient notification, and many other aspects of healthcare outbreak response. These all represent opportunities for CORHA’s workgroups and member organizations to take our work to the next level.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43928:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43928/Joseph-Perz-300x241-2.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Joseph Perz\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"241\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                              Joseph Perz</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Joseph Perz, DrPH, MA\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:23:28','2024-08-01 03:23:28','6eb6ada8-a794-43e5-aa03-fc8396db9458'),(45776,45479,1,'Leadership: Linda Greene, Director of Hospital Infection Prevention at the University of Rochester Highland Hospital','leadership-linda-greene-director-of-hospital-infection-prevention-at-the-university-of-rochester-highland-hospital','news/leadership-linda-greene-director-of-hospital-infection-prevention-at-the-university-of-rochester-highland-hospital','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>As a front-line infection preventionist and Director of Infection Prevention in a healthcare organization, preventing healthcare-associated infections and addressing antimicrobial resistance are both high priorities of mine. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, my work with outbreaks included surgical site infections and an outbreak of healthcare-associated influenza. The influenza outbreak investigation and response were remarkably successful and stemmed from our ability to identify an initial source of the outbreak and implement several recommended infection prevention measures. Response actions included closing the unit to new admissions, carefully screening staff, and administering pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis. However, in my experience, the greatest outbreak and infection prevention and control challenges I have witnessed were related to COVID-19.  </p><blockquote><p>\\\"…The greatest outbreak and infection prevention and control challenges I have witnessed were related to COVID-19.\\\"</p></blockquote><p>Our hospital’s COVID-19 clusters were associated with myriad issues including staff-to-staff transmission, patient-to-staff transmission, and staff-to-patient transmission. In addition, patient and visitor non-compliance with masking, risk from aerosol generating procedures, patients who initially test negative and incubate on admission, as well as contamination during donning and doffing personal protective equipment were the main difficulties we navigated. Another challenge was the shortage of private rooms and medical supply delays, especially at the height of the pandemic, which exacerbated our containment efforts. These matters have highlighted areas and opportunities for improvement in practices, testing, and hardwiring processes. Looking to the future of outbreak investigation, we need access at the local level to important tools such as whole genome sequencing. Once these and other tools become more readily available, we will be able to identify, attribute, and mitigate outbreaks in a more comprehensive and timely manner.  </p><p>I have gained many insights from my involvement in CORHA. Most notably, I have a greater appreciation for and recognition of the link between hospital infection prevention and public health. This is an important and essential relationship, as I have acquired invaluable knowledge from both my public health colleagues in my state and in COHRA. Recently, I worked with CORHA to develop the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-cste-proposed-investigation-reporting-thresholds-and-outbreak-definitions-for-covid-19-in-healthcare-settings/\\\"><i>CORHA/CSTE Proposed Investigation/Reporting Thresholds and Outbreak Definitions for COVID-19</i> <i>in Healthcare</i> <i>Settings</i></a>, and more broadly to review <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\"><i>CORHA’s Principles and Practices for Outbreak Response</i></a>. </p><p>As a former APIC president, my perceptions and experiences have granted me the ability to contribute to CORHA in a distinctive way. APIC’s competencies for Infection Preventionists are critical during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the leadership competencies: communication, collaboration, critical thinking, behavioral science, program management, and mentorship. My hope for the future of CORHA is to expand its strategy and awareness to other emerging pathogens and continue development of principles and practices for addressing product and device associated infections, as well as important healthcare-associated infection outbreaks. The diverse organizations who contribute to COHRA represent an abundance of knowledge and expertise and embody the essential link between patient safety, infection prevention, and public health.  </p><p> </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43932:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43932/Linda-Greene-200x300.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Linda Greene\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                          Linda Greene</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Linda Greene, RN, MPS, CIC, FAPIC\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:25:40','2024-08-01 03:25:40','5614e75d-6b92-46a3-9391-fffdf538d4c1'),(45778,45481,1,'Leadership: Linda Greene, Director of Hospital Infection Prevention at the University of Rochester Highland Hospital','leadership-linda-greene-director-of-hospital-infection-prevention-at-the-university-of-rochester-highland-hospital','news/leadership-linda-greene-director-of-hospital-infection-prevention-at-the-university-of-rochester-highland-hospital','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>As a front-line infection preventionist and Director of Infection Prevention in a healthcare organization, preventing healthcare-associated infections and addressing antimicrobial resistance are both high priorities of mine. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, my work with outbreaks included surgical site infections and an outbreak of healthcare-associated influenza. The influenza outbreak investigation and response were remarkably successful and stemmed from our ability to identify an initial source of the outbreak and implement several recommended infection prevention measures. Response actions included closing the unit to new admissions, carefully screening staff, and administering pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis. However, in my experience, the greatest outbreak and infection prevention and control challenges I have witnessed were related to COVID-19.  </p><blockquote><p> </p><p>\\\"…The greatest outbreak and infection prevention and control challenges I have witnessed were related to COVID-19.\\\"</p><p> </p></blockquote><p>Our hospital’s COVID-19 clusters were associated with myriad issues including staff-to-staff transmission, patient-to-staff transmission, and staff-to-patient transmission. In addition, patient and visitor non-compliance with masking, risk from aerosol generating procedures, patients who initially test negative and incubate on admission, as well as contamination during donning and doffing personal protective equipment were the main difficulties we navigated. Another challenge was the shortage of private rooms and medical supply delays, especially at the height of the pandemic, which exacerbated our containment efforts. These matters have highlighted areas and opportunities for improvement in practices, testing, and hardwiring processes. Looking to the future of outbreak investigation, we need access at the local level to important tools such as whole genome sequencing. Once these and other tools become more readily available, we will be able to identify, attribute, and mitigate outbreaks in a more comprehensive and timely manner.  </p><p>I have gained many insights from my involvement in CORHA. Most notably, I have a greater appreciation for and recognition of the link between hospital infection prevention and public health. This is an important and essential relationship, as I have acquired invaluable knowledge from both my public health colleagues in my state and in COHRA. Recently, I worked with CORHA to develop the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-cste-proposed-investigation-reporting-thresholds-and-outbreak-definitions-for-covid-19-in-healthcare-settings/\\\"><i>CORHA/CSTE Proposed Investigation/Reporting Thresholds and Outbreak Definitions for COVID-19</i> <i>in Healthcare</i> <i>Settings</i></a>, and more broadly to review <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\"><i>CORHA’s Principles and Practices for Outbreak Response</i></a>. </p><p>As a former APIC president, my perceptions and experiences have granted me the ability to contribute to CORHA in a distinctive way. APIC’s competencies for Infection Preventionists are critical during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the leadership competencies: communication, collaboration, critical thinking, behavioral science, program management, and mentorship. My hope for the future of CORHA is to expand its strategy and awareness to other emerging pathogens and continue development of principles and practices for addressing product and device associated infections, as well as important healthcare-associated infection outbreaks. The diverse organizations who contribute to COHRA represent an abundance of knowledge and expertise and embody the essential link between patient safety, infection prevention, and public health.  </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43932:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43932/Linda-Greene-200x300.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Linda Greene\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                          Linda Greene</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Linda Greene, RN, MPS, CIC, FAPIC\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:26:53','2024-08-01 03:26:53','3f60e8bf-89bb-4d30-a6e6-6ad5045cbdb7'),(45780,45483,1,'Leadership: Linda Greene, Director of Hospital Infection Prevention at the University of Rochester Highland Hospital','leadership-linda-greene-director-of-hospital-infection-prevention-at-the-university-of-rochester-highland-hospital','news/leadership-linda-greene-director-of-hospital-infection-prevention-at-the-university-of-rochester-highland-hospital','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>As a front-line infection preventionist and Director of Infection Prevention in a healthcare organization, preventing healthcare-associated infections and addressing antimicrobial resistance are both high priorities of mine. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, my work with outbreaks included surgical site infections and an outbreak of healthcare-associated influenza. The influenza outbreak investigation and response were remarkably successful and stemmed from our ability to identify an initial source of the outbreak and implement several recommended infection prevention measures. Response actions included closing the unit to new admissions, carefully screening staff, and administering pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis. However, in my experience, the greatest outbreak and infection prevention and control challenges I have witnessed were related to COVID-19.  </p><blockquote><p>\\\"…The greatest outbreak and infection prevention and control challenges I have witnessed were related to COVID-19.\\\"</p></blockquote><p>Our hospital’s COVID-19 clusters were associated with myriad issues including staff-to-staff transmission, patient-to-staff transmission, and staff-to-patient transmission. In addition, patient and visitor non-compliance with masking, risk from aerosol generating procedures, patients who initially test negative and incubate on admission, as well as contamination during donning and doffing personal protective equipment were the main difficulties we navigated. Another challenge was the shortage of private rooms and medical supply delays, especially at the height of the pandemic, which exacerbated our containment efforts. These matters have highlighted areas and opportunities for improvement in practices, testing, and hardwiring processes. Looking to the future of outbreak investigation, we need access at the local level to important tools such as whole genome sequencing. Once these and other tools become more readily available, we will be able to identify, attribute, and mitigate outbreaks in a more comprehensive and timely manner.  </p><p>I have gained many insights from my involvement in CORHA. Most notably, I have a greater appreciation for and recognition of the link between hospital infection prevention and public health. This is an important and essential relationship, as I have acquired invaluable knowledge from both my public health colleagues in my state and in COHRA. Recently, I worked with CORHA to develop the <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-cste-proposed-investigation-reporting-thresholds-and-outbreak-definitions-for-covid-19-in-healthcare-settings/\\\"><i>CORHA/CSTE Proposed Investigation/Reporting Thresholds and Outbreak Definitions for COVID-19</i> <i>in Healthcare</i> <i>Settings</i></a>, and more broadly to review <a href=\\\"https://www.corha.org/resources/corha-principles-and-practices-for-outbreak-response/\\\"><i>CORHA’s Principles and Practices for Outbreak Response</i></a>. </p><p>As a former APIC president, my perceptions and experiences have granted me the ability to contribute to CORHA in a distinctive way. APIC’s competencies for Infection Preventionists are critical during the COVID-19 pandemic, in particular the leadership competencies: communication, collaboration, critical thinking, behavioral science, program management, and mentorship. My hope for the future of CORHA is to expand its strategy and awareness to other emerging pathogens and continue development of principles and practices for addressing product and device associated infections, as well as important healthcare-associated infection outbreaks. The diverse organizations who contribute to COHRA represent an abundance of knowledge and expertise and embody the essential link between patient safety, infection prevention, and public health.  </p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43932:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43932/Linda-Greene-200x300.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Linda Greene\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"450\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                          Linda Greene</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Linda Greene, RN, MPS, CIC, FAPIC\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:27:31','2024-08-01 03:27:31','9466a8d8-ce0b-482c-aa36-d23301e1cdc1'),(45782,45485,1,'Leadership: Kelley Garner, Arkansas Department of Health, on the Value of Mentorship in the HAI/AR Outbreak Response','leadership-kelley-garner-arkansas-department-of-health-on-the-value-of-mentorship-in-the-hai-ar-outbreak-response','news/leadership-kelley-garner-arkansas-department-of-health-on-the-value-of-mentorship-in-the-hai-ar-outbreak-response','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Mentorship is an important part of the public health profession and the HAI/AR outbreak response field. Not only does it guide, direct, and shape your present situation and future opportunities for the better, but it also improves the ways in which we respond to HAI/AR outbreaks. I have had numerous experiences with being both a mentor and mentee in my career. I started as an intern at the Arkansas Department of Health where I faced many challenges as the sole coordinator in the HAI Program. I was fortunate to have mentors in various roles, from diverse professional backgrounds and with a broad scope of expertise. Surrounding myself with mentors early in my career helped me improve and master both my technical and leadership skills and helped me to overcome those challenges I experienced as an intern and continues to shape a lot of my current work.</p><blockquote><p>\\\"Don’t be afraid of mentorship at every level of your career – constantly surround yourself with experts in the field.\\\"</p></blockquote><p>A key mentor in my career was Dr. Nate Smith, the former state health official from Arkansas, whose interest and involvement in our HAI/AR Program activities was instrumental in establishing and guiding the direction of our HAI Program. From day one, Dr. Smith invested his time in boosting my confidence, such as when he ensured I felt comfortable presenting data in front of Arkansas’s HAI/AR Advisory Committee early on in my career. He encouraged me to be creative to meet the public health needs for HAI/AR, as well as taught me to think big. Finally, Dr. Smith appreciated my input and asked questions, which allowed me to develop control measures and descriptive work to tackle an outbreak of a new species of mycobacterium within the state.</p><p>I was later hired and promoted to a supervisor, and now, the Chief of Epidemiology on HAI/AR at the Arkansas Department of Health. Throughout my career, my mentors have been “safe spaces” and part of my support system to help me excel in my roles. HAI/AR outbreak response can be complex and sometimes we encounter unique situations that may benefit from additional guidance or perspectives from others in the field. During these times, mentors are pivotal for either providing you with the information and guidance necessary or working with you through the challenge to reach a solution. For example, I recall an outbreak linked to contaminated saline bottles in a rural part of Arkansas, which required a process of documentation and analyses with limited available “written” guidance. My mentors helped me manage that outbreak and supported me through that experience.</p><p>While I’ve continued to surround myself with experts in the field who continue to serve as my mentors, I’ve also taken on roles as a mentor to others. I currently mentor college students and scholars in public health and I have formed mentor relationships with HAI Coordinators in neighboring states like Missouri and Oklahoma, where I support them in their IPC and HAI outbreak response work. Such a role has been particularly valuable because of the cross-collaboration and relationship-building this has contributed to our HAI/AR outbreak response activities. For example, we’ve invited states to participate in Infection Control Assessment and Responses, which has allowed us to get an outside perspective on Arkansas’s outbreak response and for other states to learn from our processes. Additionally, we’ve assisted states with analyzing complex data, which further expanded our state’s resources across the spectrum of HAI/AR. Finally, working with other states has created a sense of community within the infectious disease field, and has mutually instilled confidence in us as state health leaders of HAI/AR. I’m proud of the many success stories that have emerged from my mentorships.</p><p>Throughout my past and current mentorship experiences, I’ve gained insight into what makes a mentorship successful. Good mentors:</p><ul><li>Have similar shared experiences and starting points as their mentees, exercise transparency in sharing both successes and failures, set realistic expectations, and create a safe space for mentees to try new things within boundaries</li><li>Help their mentees learn through experience</li><li>Can boost confidence, foster, and instill critical leadership skills such as communication, decision-making, responding to the press, conducting patient notifications and other outbreak response skills</li><li>Emphasize the broader impact of HAI/AR response</li><li>Serve as inspiration for their mentee to succeed</li></ul><p>Mentorship is a two-way street, and it’s important for both the mentor and mentee to reach a consensus on the goals for the relationship as the roles change over time. While traditional and formal mentorship opportunities through fellowships and peer-to-peer convenings such as CSTE or ASTHO can create a strong foundation to learn and build relationships, there are equally impactful mentorship experiences that can occur informally and organically, with people in various roles, and with diverse experiences, skills, and expertise.</p><p>Groups like the CORHA can also support mentorship in the HAI/AR outbreak community as they develop tools and resources that bridge public health and healthcare outbreak response. Mentorship in the HAI/AR outbreak field is critical and to those that are early in their career, a mentor can help you identify your priorities and manage your expectations.  Find a mentor with the right personality and someone who understands where you are coming from. Also, look for mentors who are transparent and honest and give you the space to think creatively. I believe mentorships are critical at all levels and just as important. For those who have progressed in their career, don’t be afraid to embrace mentorship experiences at all levels and to continuously surround yourself with experts.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43943:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43943/Kelley-Garner-300v2.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Kelly Garner\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"270\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                           Kelly Garner</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Kelley Garner, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:30:25','2024-08-01 03:30:25','652a1329-e84f-4a5c-9347-46900057183d'),(45784,45487,1,'Leadership: Perspectives from Dr. David Gifford','leadership-leadership-perspectives-from-dr-david-gifford','news/leadership-leadership-perspectives-from-dr-david-gifford','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>My work over the past 20 years has focused on how to improve the healthcare system to ultimately improve healthcare outcomes. In pursuit of this life goal, I have worked with numerous agencies in furthering healthcare quality improvement efforts. I helped create the Quality Department at the American Health Care Association, which assists providers in their quality improvement. I also directed the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) Quality Improvement Organization nursing home-based quality improvement efforts when I served as Chief Medical Officer for Quality Partners of Rhode Island. Now, I work on initiatives with the National Trade Association representing long-term care providers.</p><p>During my 6 years as Director of the Rhode Island State Department of Health, I led the state’s response on several disease outbreaks, such as the H1N1 influenza outbreaks. Throughout the past couple of decades, I have gained insight into improving HAI/AR outbreak response from both the public health and healthcare perspectives. Adequate investigation, surveillance, and clear guidance are necessary in developing and implementing evidence-based actions to prevent the spread of infections in healthcare settings. This was exemplified during the COVID-19 pandemic where inconsistent guidance led to challenges in responding to these outbreaks. The COVID-19 pandemic underscores the need for standardized approaches, frameworks, and guidance that are clear and implementable, as well as the importance of CORHA and the work that its members and partners are doing to develop these tools. One outcome of the pandemic response is how it has bolstered both the provider and public health communities’ collaborative efforts against the common threat of HAI/AR outbreaks.</p><p>In my new role on CORHA, I aim to help support the Council in developing and promoting guidance and resources that can be widely adopted to help improve HAI/AR outbreak investigation in a more consistent, timely, and efficient manner. I look forward to integrating the provider community into public health’s HAI/AR outbreak response and protocols and strengthening sustainable relationships between the provider and public health communities. Finally, I hope that CORHA will help advance and highlight the important role of rapid whole genome sequencing more widely as part of HAI/AR outbreak investigations.<br /><br />I believe that civic service is one of the most rewarding, challenging, and underappreciated jobs. Our colleagues in public health and healthcare are some of the most passionate and mission-driven individuals I have had the pleasure of working with. Thank you all for the work you have done so far in improving HAI/AR outbreak response standards. I look forward to all of you continuing to achieve the Council’s mission of protecting patients and preventing harm from HAI/AR outbreaks.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43950:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43950/David-Gifford-300x241-1.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"David Gifford\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"241\\\" /></figure><p><i>                                                                                           David Gifford</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"David Gifford, MD, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:32:31','2024-08-01 03:32:31','3f873930-2dc9-43f2-83e2-e9069bdb8386'),(45786,45489,1,'Local: LTCF Vaccine Education Program Vital to Chicago’s COVID-19 Outbreak Response Effort','local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','news/local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The COVID-19 vaccine roll out in Chicago’s long-term care facilities (LTCFs) was a component of a larger initiative to increase vaccine uptake in the City of Chicago. As the Federal Pharmacy Partnership Program (PPP) was introduced, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) offered to liaise with LTCFs and facilitate the vaccination process. We were uniquely positioned to assist in LTCFs because of existing relationships with LTCFs after the past year of routine individual facility engagement for COVID-19-related infection control guidance. We worked with the community and leveraged the healthcare facility communication platforms we created to support LTCFs during the pandemic to address vaccine hesitancy and provide vaccine education.</p><p>We acted quickly to facilitate vaccination coordination in LTCFs because they were included in the first phase of vaccine distribution due to their residents’ high risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. In partnership with Project Hope, we held two listening sessions with Directors of Nursing, Assistant Directors of Nursing, and Infection Preventionists at LTCFs in Chicago where we assessed their levels of vaccine hesitancy, discussed vaccine hesitancy among residents, and collected ideas on how to increase vaccine uptake. For example, during the listening sessions we heard concerns from communities of color who felt targeted and pressured to get vaccinated and were hesitant about getting it.</p><p>We used the information shared and questions asked during the listening sessions to better tailor our vaccine education efforts in LTCFs. These efforts included:</p><ul><li>Converting our weekly COVID-19 LTCF roundtables into a vaccine education and implementation series. During these roundtables, we discussed vaccine hesitancy and encouraged LTCF leaders to empower their staff to become vaccine influencers. We also shared with LTCF leadership concerns we heard from staff and residents and suggested LTCF leaders use the information to adjust their vaccine responses to the needs of residents and staff. For example, we heard that some LTCF staff were hesitant because of how quickly it was being rolled out and concerns about being used as test subjects, so many administrators got the vaccine in front of their staff to show confidence in it. In the early stages of the PPP, representatives from different pharmacies spoke about logistics and provided answers about the vaccination process.</li><li>The CDPH Commissioner hosting a Q&amp;A session for all facilities, which was advertised to all residents and their families.</li><li>Transforming our existing testing strike teams into vaccine mobilization and education teams. The vaccine education teams used the information from the listening sessions to address the concerns of LTCF staff and residents. People viewed the vaccine education teams as trusted sources of information that could speak about the vaccine without outside influences. At one facility, we saw a 40 percent increase in vaccine uptake after one education event. Leadership at the LTCF and the vaccine education team worked together to organize the event.</li></ul><p>We kept learning new information as our efforts continued, like the importance of expanding vaccine education initiatives beyond staff and residents at LTCFs. We found that, in many cases, the healthcare power of attorney for residents of LTCFs declined the vaccine on behalf of the residents. Typically, the healthcare powers of attorney do not attend the vaccine education events and miss these opportunities. This gap underscored the importance of empowering family and community members to be vaccine champions.</p><p>During the roll out of COVID-19 vaccinations in LTCFs, we continued to appreciate the importance of coordination and planning. Much planning was required to make the vaccine readily available in facilities, particularly second doses. A lot of coordination was also needed to ensure a seamless transition to LTC pharmacies when the PPP ended. Before the PPP ended, we quickly surveyed facilities to identify their LTC pharmacies and encouraged those pharmacies to enroll as COVID-19 vaccine providers. We found that some of Chicago’s LTC pharmacies were located outside of Chicago borders. We could not deliver vaccine to those facilities because the union contracts of our drivers meant they could only drive within the boundaries of Chicago. In order to overcome this roadblock, we partnered with the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) and provided them with doses of Moderna through Tiberius. IDPH then distributed the vaccine to LTC pharmacies that served Chicago facilities, but were based outside of city limits.</p><p>The challenges, successes, and experiences supporting COVID-19 vaccine uptake at LTCFs helped us identify strategies to address vaccine hesitancy going forward. Given high staff and resident turnover in LTCFs, it is important to keep high vaccination coverage in LTCFs. It is also important to continue education efforts about vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. We saw that individuals who were hesitant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine may have also been hesitant to get the influenza vaccine. Overall, the educational and coordination strategies we used to address vaccine hesitancy, resources we shared for informed decision making, and methods to increase access of the COVID-19 vaccine in LTCFs will be critical for future vaccine initiatives.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43960:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43960/Shannon-Xydis.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Shannon Xydis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Shannon Xydis, Projects Administrator, HAI Coordinator, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43959:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43959/Liz-Shane.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Liz Shane\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Liz Shane, MPH, CIC. Infection Prevention Specialist, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43958:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43958/Christy-Zelinski.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Christy Zelinski\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Christy Zelinski, MPH, Project Manager and Contractor, COVID-19 Response Bureau, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><p> </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Shannon Xydis, Liz Shane, MPH, & Christy Zelinski, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:38:31','2024-08-01 03:38:31','5cbe82a0-1da8-429f-ba01-699cc154340d'),(45788,45491,1,'Local: LTCF Vaccine Education Program Vital to Chicago’s COVID-19 Outbreak Response Effort','local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','news/local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The COVID-19 vaccine roll out in Chicago’s long-term care facilities (LTCFs) was a component of a larger initiative to increase vaccine uptake in the City of Chicago. As the Federal Pharmacy Partnership Program (PPP) was introduced, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) offered to liaise with LTCFs and facilitate the vaccination process. We were uniquely positioned to assist in LTCFs because of existing relationships with LTCFs after the past year of routine individual facility engagement for COVID-19-related infection control guidance. We worked with the community and leveraged the healthcare facility communication platforms we created to support LTCFs during the pandemic to address vaccine hesitancy and provide vaccine education.</p><p>We acted quickly to facilitate vaccination coordination in LTCFs because they were included in the first phase of vaccine distribution due to their residents’ high risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. In partnership with Project Hope, we held two listening sessions with Directors of Nursing, Assistant Directors of Nursing, and Infection Preventionists at LTCFs in Chicago where we assessed their levels of vaccine hesitancy, discussed vaccine hesitancy among residents, and collected ideas on how to increase vaccine uptake. For example, during the listening sessions we heard concerns from communities of color who felt targeted and pressured to get vaccinated and were hesitant about getting it.</p><p>We used the information shared and questions asked during the listening sessions to better tailor our vaccine education efforts in LTCFs. These efforts included:</p><ul><li>Converting our weekly COVID-19 LTCF roundtables into a vaccine education and implementation series. During these roundtables, we discussed vaccine hesitancy and encouraged LTCF leaders to empower their staff to become vaccine influencers. We also shared with LTCF leadership concerns we heard from staff and residents and suggested LTCF leaders use the information to adjust their vaccine responses to the needs of residents and staff. For example, we heard that some LTCF staff were hesitant because of how quickly it was being rolled out and concerns about being used as test subjects, so many administrators got the vaccine in front of their staff to show confidence in it. In the early stages of the PPP, representatives from different pharmacies spoke about logistics and provided answers about the vaccination process.</li><li>The CDPH Commissioner hosting a Q&amp;A session for all facilities, which was advertised to all residents and their families.</li><li>Transforming our existing testing strike teams into vaccine mobilization and education teams. The vaccine education teams used the information from the listening sessions to address the concerns of LTCF staff and residents. People viewed the vaccine education teams as trusted sources of information that could speak about the vaccine without outside influences. At one facility, we saw a 40 percent increase in vaccine uptake after one education event. Leadership at the LTCF and the vaccine education team worked together to organize the event.</li></ul><p>We kept learning new information as our efforts continued, like the importance of expanding vaccine education initiatives beyond staff and residents at LTCFs. We found that, in many cases, the healthcare power of attorney for residents of LTCFs declined the vaccine on behalf of the residents. Typically, the healthcare powers of attorney do not attend the vaccine education events and miss these opportunities. This gap underscored the importance of empowering family and community members to be vaccine champions.</p><p>During the roll out of COVID-19 vaccinations in LTCFs, we continued to appreciate the importance of coordination and planning. Much planning was required to make the vaccine readily available in facilities, particularly second doses. A lot of coordination was also needed to ensure a seamless transition to LTC pharmacies when the PPP ended. Before the PPP ended, we quickly surveyed facilities to identify their LTC pharmacies and encouraged those pharmacies to enroll as COVID-19 vaccine providers. We found that some of Chicago’s LTC pharmacies were located outside of Chicago borders. We could not deliver vaccine to those facilities because the union contracts of our drivers meant they could only drive within the boundaries of Chicago. In order to overcome this roadblock, we partnered with the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) and provided them with doses of Moderna through Tiberius. IDPH then distributed the vaccine to LTC pharmacies that served Chicago facilities, but were based outside of city limits.</p><p>The challenges, successes, and experiences supporting COVID-19 vaccine uptake at LTCFs helped us identify strategies to address vaccine hesitancy going forward. Given high staff and resident turnover in LTCFs, it is important to keep high vaccination coverage in LTCFs. It is also important to continue education efforts about vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. We saw that individuals who were hesitant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine may have also been hesitant to get the influenza vaccine. Overall, the educational and coordination strategies we used to address vaccine hesitancy, resources we shared for informed decision making, and methods to increase access of the COVID-19 vaccine in LTCFs will be critical for future vaccine initiatives.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43960:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43960/Shannon-Xydis.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Shannon Xydis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Shannon Xydis, Projects Administrator, HAI Coordinator, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43959:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43959/Liz-Shane.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Liz Shane\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Liz Shane, MPH, CIC. Infection Prevention Specialist, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43958:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43958/Christy-Zelinski.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Christy Zelinski\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Christy Zelinski, MPH, Project Manager and Contractor, COVID-19 Response Bureau, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><p> </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Shannon Xydis, Liz Shane, MPH, CIC & Christy Zelinski, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:39:50','2024-08-01 03:39:50','c6f0f739-bdf7-464c-87e7-7377b7a5dfbe'),(45790,45493,1,'Local: LTCF Vaccine Education Program Vital to Chicago’s COVID-19 Outbreak Response Effort','local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','news/local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The COVID-19 vaccine roll out in Chicago’s long-term care facilities (LTCFs) was a component of a larger initiative to increase vaccine uptake in the City of Chicago. As the Federal Pharmacy Partnership Program (PPP) was introduced, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) offered to liaise with LTCFs and facilitate the vaccination process. We were uniquely positioned to assist in LTCFs because of existing relationships with LTCFs after the past year of routine individual facility engagement for COVID-19-related infection control guidance. We worked with the community and leveraged the healthcare facility communication platforms we created to support LTCFs during the pandemic to address vaccine hesitancy and provide vaccine education.</p><p>We acted quickly to facilitate vaccination coordination in LTCFs because they were included in the first phase of vaccine distribution due to their residents’ high risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. In partnership with Project Hope, we held two listening sessions with Directors of Nursing, Assistant Directors of Nursing, and Infection Preventionists at LTCFs in Chicago where we assessed their levels of vaccine hesitancy, discussed vaccine hesitancy among residents, and collected ideas on how to increase vaccine uptake. For example, during the listening sessions we heard concerns from communities of color who felt targeted and pressured to get vaccinated and were hesitant about getting it.</p><p>We used the information shared and questions asked during the listening sessions to better tailor our vaccine education efforts in LTCFs. These efforts included:</p><ul><li>Converting our weekly COVID-19 LTCF roundtables into a vaccine education and implementation series. During these roundtables, we discussed vaccine hesitancy and encouraged LTCF leaders to empower their staff to become vaccine influencers. We also shared with LTCF leadership concerns we heard from staff and residents and suggested LTCF leaders use the information to adjust their vaccine responses to the needs of residents and staff. For example, we heard that some LTCF staff were hesitant because of how quickly it was being rolled out and concerns about being used as test subjects, so many administrators got the vaccine in front of their staff to show confidence in it. In the early stages of the PPP, representatives from different pharmacies spoke about logistics and provided answers about the vaccination process.</li><li>The CDPH Commissioner hosting a Q&amp;A session for all facilities, which was advertised to all residents and their families.</li><li>Transforming our existing testing strike teams into vaccine mobilization and education teams. The vaccine education teams used the information from the listening sessions to address the concerns of LTCF staff and residents. People viewed the vaccine education teams as trusted sources of information that could speak about the vaccine without outside influences. At one facility, we saw a 40 percent increase in vaccine uptake after one education event. Leadership at the LTCF and the vaccine education team worked together to organize the event.</li></ul><p>We kept learning new information as our efforts continued, like the importance of expanding vaccine education initiatives beyond staff and residents at LTCFs. We found that, in many cases, the healthcare power of attorney for residents of LTCFs declined the vaccine on behalf of the residents. Typically, the healthcare powers of attorney do not attend the vaccine education events and miss these opportunities. This gap underscored the importance of empowering family and community members to be vaccine champions.</p><p>During the roll out of COVID-19 vaccinations in LTCFs, we continued to appreciate the importance of coordination and planning. Much planning was required to make the vaccine readily available in facilities, particularly second doses. A lot of coordination was also needed to ensure a seamless transition to LTC pharmacies when the PPP ended. Before the PPP ended, we quickly surveyed facilities to identify their LTC pharmacies and encouraged those pharmacies to enroll as COVID-19 vaccine providers. We found that some of Chicago’s LTC pharmacies were located outside of Chicago borders. We could not deliver vaccine to those facilities because the union contracts of our drivers meant they could only drive within the boundaries of Chicago. In order to overcome this roadblock, we partnered with the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) and provided them with doses of Moderna through Tiberius. IDPH then distributed the vaccine to LTC pharmacies that served Chicago facilities, but were based outside of city limits.</p><p>The challenges, successes, and experiences supporting COVID-19 vaccine uptake at LTCFs helped us identify strategies to address vaccine hesitancy going forward. Given high staff and resident turnover in LTCFs, it is important to keep high vaccination coverage in LTCFs. It is also important to continue education efforts about vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. We saw that individuals who were hesitant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine may have also been hesitant to get the influenza vaccine. Overall, the educational and coordination strategies we used to address vaccine hesitancy, resources we shared for informed decision making, and methods to increase access of the COVID-19 vaccine in LTCFs will be critical for future vaccine initiatives.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43960:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43960/Shannon-Xydis.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Shannon Xydis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Shannon Xydis, Projects Administrator, HAI Coordinator, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43959:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43959/Liz-Shane.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Liz Shane\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Liz Shane, MPH, CIC. Infection Prevention Specialist, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43958:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43958/Christy-Zelinski.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Christy Zelinski\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Christy Zelinski, MPH, Project Manager and Contractor, COVID-19 Response Bureau, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><p> </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Shannon Xydis, Liz Shane, MPH & Christy Zelinski, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:40:15','2024-08-01 03:40:15','699d432f-85fd-410c-b307-7449c120256b'),(45792,45495,1,'Local: LTCF Vaccine Education Program Vital to Chicago’s COVID-19 Outbreak Response Effort','local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','news/local-ltcf-vaccine-education-program-vital-to-chicagos-covid-19-outbreak-response-effort','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The COVID-19 vaccine roll out in Chicago’s long-term care facilities (LTCFs) was a component of a larger initiative to increase vaccine uptake in the City of Chicago. As the Federal Pharmacy Partnership Program (PPP) was introduced, the Chicago Department of Public Health (CDPH) offered to liaise with LTCFs and facilitate the vaccination process. We were uniquely positioned to assist in LTCFs because of existing relationships with LTCFs after the past year of routine individual facility engagement for COVID-19-related infection control guidance. We worked with the community and leveraged the healthcare facility communication platforms we created to support LTCFs during the pandemic to address vaccine hesitancy and provide vaccine education.</p><p>We acted quickly to facilitate vaccination coordination in LTCFs because they were included in the first phase of vaccine distribution due to their residents’ high risk of COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. In partnership with Project Hope, we held two listening sessions with Directors of Nursing, Assistant Directors of Nursing, and Infection Preventionists at LTCFs in Chicago where we assessed their levels of vaccine hesitancy, discussed vaccine hesitancy among residents, and collected ideas on how to increase vaccine uptake. For example, during the listening sessions we heard concerns from communities of color who felt targeted and pressured to get vaccinated and were hesitant about getting it.</p><p>We used the information shared and questions asked during the listening sessions to better tailor our vaccine education efforts in LTCFs. These efforts included:</p><ul><li>Converting our weekly COVID-19 LTCF roundtables into a vaccine education and implementation series. During these roundtables, we discussed vaccine hesitancy and encouraged LTCF leaders to empower their staff to become vaccine influencers. We also shared with LTCF leadership concerns we heard from staff and residents and suggested LTCF leaders use the information to adjust their vaccine responses to the needs of residents and staff. For example, we heard that some LTCF staff were hesitant because of how quickly it was being rolled out and concerns about being used as test subjects, so many administrators got the vaccine in front of their staff to show confidence in it. In the early stages of the PPP, representatives from different pharmacies spoke about logistics and provided answers about the vaccination process.</li><li>The CDPH Commissioner hosting a Q&amp;A session for all facilities, which was advertised to all residents and their families.</li><li>Transforming our existing testing strike teams into vaccine mobilization and education teams. The vaccine education teams used the information from the listening sessions to address the concerns of LTCF staff and residents. People viewed the vaccine education teams as trusted sources of information that could speak about the vaccine without outside influences. At one facility, we saw a 40 percent increase in vaccine uptake after one education event. Leadership at the LTCF and the vaccine education team worked together to organize the event.</li></ul><p>We kept learning new information as our efforts continued, like the importance of expanding vaccine education initiatives beyond staff and residents at LTCFs. We found that, in many cases, the healthcare power of attorney for residents of LTCFs declined the vaccine on behalf of the residents. Typically, the healthcare powers of attorney do not attend the vaccine education events and miss these opportunities. This gap underscored the importance of empowering family and community members to be vaccine champions.</p><p>During the roll out of COVID-19 vaccinations in LTCFs, we continued to appreciate the importance of coordination and planning. Much planning was required to make the vaccine readily available in facilities, particularly second doses. A lot of coordination was also needed to ensure a seamless transition to LTC pharmacies when the PPP ended. Before the PPP ended, we quickly surveyed facilities to identify their LTC pharmacies and encouraged those pharmacies to enroll as COVID-19 vaccine providers. We found that some of Chicago’s LTC pharmacies were located outside of Chicago borders. We could not deliver vaccine to those facilities because the union contracts of our drivers meant they could only drive within the boundaries of Chicago. In order to overcome this roadblock, we partnered with the Illinois Department of Public Health (IDPH) and provided them with doses of Moderna through Tiberius. IDPH then distributed the vaccine to LTC pharmacies that served Chicago facilities, but were based outside of city limits.</p><p>The challenges, successes, and experiences supporting COVID-19 vaccine uptake at LTCFs helped us identify strategies to address vaccine hesitancy going forward. Given high staff and resident turnover in LTCFs, it is important to keep high vaccination coverage in LTCFs. It is also important to continue education efforts about vaccines and vaccine hesitancy. We saw that individuals who were hesitant to receive the COVID-19 vaccine may have also been hesitant to get the influenza vaccine. Overall, the educational and coordination strategies we used to address vaccine hesitancy, resources we shared for informed decision making, and methods to increase access of the COVID-19 vaccine in LTCFs will be critical for future vaccine initiatives.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43960:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43960/Shannon-Xydis.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Shannon Xydis\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Shannon Xydis, Projects Administrator, HAI Coordinator, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43959:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43959/Liz-Shane.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Liz Shane\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Liz Shane, MPH, CIC. Infection Prevention Specialist, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43958:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43958/Christy-Zelinski.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Christy Zelinski\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"273\\\" /></figure><p><i>Christy Zelinski, MPH, Project Manager and Contractor, COVID-19 Response Bureau, Chicago Department of Public Health</i></p><p> </p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Shannon Xydis, Liz Shane, MPH, & Christy Zelinski, MPH\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:40:32','2024-08-01 03:40:32','d6130c15-0dbf-4db4-b29e-bcd8494c1819'),(45794,45497,1,'State: How the Texas State Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAI) Program Increased Capacity in Public Health Regions to Support Healthcare Facilities During the COVID-19 Response','state-how-the-texas-state-healthcare-associated-infections-hai-program-increased-capacity-in-public-health-regions-to-support-healthcare-facilities-during-the-covid-19-response','news/state-how-the-texas-state-healthcare-associated-infections-hai-program-increased-capacity-in-public-health-regions-to-support-healthcare-facilities-during-the-covid-19-response','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>The COVID-19 pandemic presented challenges in how our Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial-Resistant Pathogens (HAI/AR) Program provides support to long-term care facilities (LTCF) experiencing outbreaks. As the pandemic unfolded, we quickly realized the need to increase our infection prevention capacity. We sought out support from leadership and partners to modify our staffing structures in order to provide continued quality and focused support to our healthcare facilities.</p><p>The Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) is divided into 8 public health regions, with 64 local health departments that operate at the county or city level. Texas has approximately 4,000 licensed nursing facilities, assisted living facilities, and group homes including 1,200 Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services (CMS)-certified nursing homes, across 254 counties. Traditionally, one HAI Epidemiologist is assigned to each public health region to lead and support HAI outbreak response activities, including providing direct assistance and on-site infection control assessments to healthcare facilities. The Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) is divided into 8 public health regions, with 64 local health departments that operate at the county or city level. Texas has approximately 4,000 licensed nursing facilities, assisted living facilities, and group homes including 1,200 Centers for Medicare &amp; Medicaid Services (CMS)-certified nursing homes, across 254 counties. Traditionally, one HAI Epidemiologist is assigned to each public health region to lead and support HAI outbreak response activities, including providing direct assistance and on-site infection control assessments to healthcare facilities.</p><p>This structure worked for our team until the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic when it became evident that one HAI Epidemiologist per public health region was insufficient to support the surge in COVID-19 cases. So, we explored the options of increasing infection prevention staff at our public health regions to build capacity for our COVID-19 response.</p><p>We received approval and support to build staffing capacity from DSHS leadership, and they provided us with the resources to contract with 3 Infection Preventionists per public health region, for a total of 24 additional Infection Preventionists throughout the state. The real challenge, however, was finding certified Infection Preventionists to recruit. At that time, healthcare facilities and local health departments were also in the process of recruiting Infection Preventionists, so we were competing for contractors in a limited pool. We decided to partner with the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC) who aided with the recruitment process. Out of the 24 Infection Preventionists we sought to recruit, we were able to contract with 17. These additional Infection Preventionists were instrumental in building our capacity during the response. They performed on-site infection control assessments and provided dedicated support to meet the needs of facilities.</p><p>From the first quarter of 2021, we started seeing a decrease in the number of requests for assistance from our regulatory partners and healthcare facilities, and as a result, we reduced the number of APIC contractors. It was important for us to still maintain a reasonable number of staff to assist with the continued pandemic, so we currently have at least one contracted Infection Preventionist in each public health region to assist the assigned HAI Epidemiologist with outbreak response activities.</p><p>Coordinating with the Texas Health and Human Services Commission (HHSC)—our regulatory branch—and utilizing established communication pathways facilitated the coordination of our response activities. We held daily meetings with HHSC, DSHS, and the Division of Emergency Management’s State Operations Center (SOC), where all communication plans and guidance were developed for dissemination to facilities by HHSC.</p><p>Thanks to the support of DSHS leadership and partners, as well as the dedication of our team, we worked together in a coordinated fashion to build capacity and respond to COVID-19 outbreaks in healthcare facilities.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43965:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43965/enyinnaya-merengwa.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Enyinnaya Merengwa\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"275\\\" /></figure><p><i>Enyinnaya Merengwa, Healthcare Safety Investigations Group Manager and State HAI Coordinator at the Texas Department of State Health Services</i></p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43964:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43964/thi-dang.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Thi Dang\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"301\\\" /></figure><p><i>Thi Dang, HAI Epidemiologist at the Texas Department of State Health Services</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Enyinnaya Merengwa, MD, DrPH, MHA, MPH & Thi Dang\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:44:44','2024-08-01 03:44:44','cb5ee287-6a0f-4268-87ae-018b920b5bd4'),(45796,45499,1,'State: Montana Leverages Partnerships to Manage COVID-19 Outbreaks in Long-Term Care Facilities','state-montana-leverages-partnerships-to-manage-covid-19-outbreaks-in-long-term-care-facilities','news/state-montana-leverages-partnerships-to-manage-covid-19-outbreaks-in-long-term-care-facilities','{\"84a051cd-1f3d-42ba-be23-26f3f9856933\": \"<p>Montana, the fourth largest state geographically in the U.S., spans more than 147,000 square miles (slightly larger than Japan) and is home to about 1 million people. Montana has a decentralized public health system so a lot of the authority and responsibility for implementing rules and regulations and every aspect of pandemic response actually land with the counties, many of which have limited staff. In order to provide public health support to city and rural areas, we partnered with our state’s local health departments, survey agency, Quality Innovation Network-Quality Improvement Organization (QIN/QIO), hospital and public health preparedness teams, and laboratory partners to identify and provide support to LTCF experiencing COVID-19 outbreaks. We worked closely with these partners prior to the pandemic, so these existing relationships led to a coordinated approach during the COVID-19 response.</p><p>Our team coordinates outbreak response efforts with local public health departments, healthcare facilities, and the state survey agency. At the beginning of the pandemic, I communicated with facilities at least daily to get updates on their COVID-19 outbreaks and to provide guidance and technical assistance, including offering COVID-19 focused infection control assessments (ICAR) to all healthcare facilities in Montana. I now check in with LTCFs/ALFs and local public health at least weekly to monitor active outbreaks. Our local health departments really stepped up during the pandemic. Given Montana’s decentralized governance structure, our local health department staff take on multiple roles and usually do not have a dedicated communicable disease staff person, so their collaboration with us and their engagement with the facilities was a huge benefit to the response.</p><p>The Montana HAI Program hosted weekly webinars for all Montana APIC chapter members, as well as Infection Preventionists from other states. This webinar series—which was established prior to the pandemic—provided a platform to communicate updates, share resources and provide trainings to Infection Preventionists. It also helped strengthen our relationship with Infection Preventionists, which led to timely and frequent communication about outbreaks in facilities. Additionally, in November of 2020, our HAI Program partnered with a local acute care hospital and the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to provide a 16-week LTCF training course primarily focused on COVID-19. We also leveraged our good relationship with QIN/QIOs and our hospital association to use their communications channels to send important messages and updates to facilities state-wide.</p><p>As a rural state, we faced unique challenges when it came to reaching every facility. Testing for example was a huge logistical challenge, since some facilities are not located near a hospital and our laboratory courier system could not reach every facility. We were fortunate to have our Governor’s support and some time to plan and respond, so we worked with our state public health laboratory and other laboratory partners to figure out ways to offer baseline testing and implement surveillance testing prior to national LTCF testing recommendations took effect.</p><p>We also worked closely with the hospital preparedness and public health preparedness programs (HPP), using data from the National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) to address PPE and other supply shortages in LTCFs. Each week, the HPP Coordinator submitted the State LTCF Integrated Red Report, which we used to reach out to facilities reporting PPE and staffing shortages. During this outreach, we reminded facilities of the staffing and PPE resources available through the state and communicated information on how to obtain these resources.</p><p>One of the biggest contributing factors to the success of our response was the additional funding from CDC which led to the growth of our HAI Program. We were able to expand our HAI Program team to four Infection Preventionists who now consult with facilities, perform infection control assessments, and provide direct support and assistance to facilities. The additional funding has also allowed us to expand the services we offer to facilities. As a rural state, we have more Critical Access Hospitals, so our infection prevention activities have focused on providing one-on-one support to these facilities, which typically have limited staff who are stretched across multiple roles. During the pandemic, we were able to expand these services to LTCFs and Assisted Living Facilities and have hopes to expand to other types of congregate living settings including outpatient health clinics, dialysis centers, schools, and jails.</p><p>Our experience during this pandemic has highlighted the importance of infection control. We have learned that infection control is a responsibility and duty of everyone in the facility, and this facility-wide approach to infection prevention can contribute to a successful outcome. We also recognize the importance of inter and intra-facility communication, as well as communicating information to residents and family members to prevent the spread of infections and outbreaks. We were met with challenges every day, but because of our hard working and dedicated Infection Preventionists, we were able to overcome a lot of them. It has also been inspiring to work with our amazing healthcare workers and public health staff during the response. We have a lot of work in front us, but I remain excited because this experience has been the catalyst for us to enhance our infection prevention activities, expand our reach and support, and provide guidance and education on infection prevention standards.</p><figure class=\\\"image\\\"><img src=\\\"{asset:43970:transform:medium||/assets/images/transf/_medium/43970/erika-baldry.webp}\\\" alt=\\\"Erika Baldry\\\" width=\\\"300\\\" height=\\\"401\\\" /></figure><p><i>Erika Baldry, Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (HAI/AR) Epidemiologist and Program Coordinator at the Montana Department of Public Health and Human Services (DPHHS)</i></p>\", \"acf2caae-0773-4eb2-bb10-57a01b19e200\": \"Erika Baldry, MPH, CIC\"}',1,'2024-08-01 03:47:21','2024-08-01 03:47:21','f79a0db9-a1f9-4c74-a233-98fd70a7d89c'),(45806,45509,1,'Clostridioides difficile','c-diff','diseases-pathogens/c-diff',NULL,1,'2024-08-01 03:51:41','2024-08-01 03:51:41','83f75c5b-e578-4bdf-bfae-4d5363a88df1'),(45807,45510,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 03:51:41','2024-08-01 03:51:41','0bdc426e-f531-4a80-820b-2c24d4ce2993'),(45808,45511,1,NULL,'__temp_dwgqrcejrkxdcgpttgcpadyfsckfcycslotc',NULL,'{\"0b7e4dc2-d30e-430c-b1ae-8b2049ebb012\": true, \"1b8a06bc-592e-405a-95f0-448e5a7207f9\": \"Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI): Recommendations for Healthcare Outbreak Response\", \"3b4f9fb0-6aaf-45c4-8857-4016b8e61d5e\": {\"date\": \"2024-05-24 07:00:00\"}, \"b94b64c8-6724-4663-a7a4-381dc658d14d\": \"http://staging.corha.astriatawiki.com/assets/documents/CDI-Recommendations-for-Healthcare-Outbreak-Response.pdf\", \"da987605-91d6-41ef-a67b-639e071b34fe\": \"This CORHA-developed product includes thresholds for investigation and reporting of a possible Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) outbreak. Additional sections outline important actions and considerations for CDI outbreak investigation and control. 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Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition - Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in the document are valid as of May 31, 2024.</li></ul><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:02:35','2024-08-01 04:02:35','3b5cbbce-d44f-4997-92ba-60deb1195ed0'),(45823,45526,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:03:30','2024-08-01 04:03:30','d48dffe7-fe29-4d10-8c27-b5ef950f7671'),(45824,45527,1,NULL,'__temp_anpmslktaamiyuasjvkwpibcdgffwzbhlwdi',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:03:30','2024-08-01 04:03:30','9ca93a63-ceb9-4f89-9cf2-53a992a06625'),(45827,45530,1,'1 - Overview','overview','chapters/overview','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Overview\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 1, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter One\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:04:13','2024-08-01 04:04:13','0699d7d8-ff2d-480f-a52f-5a936ec95011'),(45828,45531,1,NULL,'__temp_anpmslktaamiyuasjvkwpibcdgffwzbhlwdi',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:04:13','2024-08-01 04:04:13','b2464762-2350-41d9-9873-e8a476348f93'),(45829,45532,1,'CORHA PP Chapter 2 July 2024',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:06:33','2024-08-01 04:06:33','eb7d6900-a5f9-441f-8ff9-279c81d4fa3d'),(45830,45532,2,'CORHA PP Chapter 2 July 2024',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:06:33','2024-08-01 04:06:33','725a1253-42b7-4e70-a3ae-8549f7b261e3'),(45835,45537,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:08:35','2024-08-01 04:08:35','fd088f8b-c441-4288-b3a2-a551c9623872'),(45836,45538,1,NULL,'__temp_selqraxpxgpjwdfsilwyzxugzatmmmtrmbwn',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:08:36','2024-08-01 04:08:36','c6bbd3dc-206c-4c1e-bcb2-85ec91fea679'),(45837,45539,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:08:36','2024-08-01 04:08:36','a777a0d0-7efe-48f5-a03d-c50d0bac47fe'),(45838,45540,1,NULL,'__temp_xolszmsyzjbyrhayzgedgrzvaflbdemscyru',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. 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Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition – Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in the document are valid as of May 31, 2024.</li></ul><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:16:18','2024-08-01 04:16:18','5a24628c-284b-4cc3-8b04-3cb6d0aa6626'),(45874,45575,1,'3 - Planning & Preparation','planning-preparation','chapters/planning-preparation','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Planning & Preparation\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 3, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Three\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:16:50','2024-08-01 04:16:50','9900db33-e667-4096-afc5-23bd53ec5f29'),(45875,45576,1,NULL,'__temp_aaiguvstvispuzkxhsmzpkqyapyozrtgjkou',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:16:50','2024-08-01 04:16:50','1c9618b4-734f-4e9e-ae6a-073d30a1281a'),(45879,45580,1,'2 - Fundamental Concepts','fundamental-concepts','chapters/fundamental-concepts','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Fundamental Concepts\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 2, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Two\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:17:49','2024-08-01 04:17:49','22a21047-13cb-4400-86d6-51d177517b6c'),(45880,45581,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:17:49','2024-08-01 04:17:49','5bf7bc42-5656-49dc-8e10-5e862154fb7b'),(45881,45582,1,NULL,'__temp_oiafbbxgbniwzxmofapotgjvjzrsxmrjsurr',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>In Chapter 2, Fundamental Concepts, we review concepts related to healthcare and public health surveillance as well as trends in outbreak detection and response. </p><p>As healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial resistance (HAI/AR) surveillance improves and outbreaks are recognized earlier, the public health and healthcare communities are better positioned to reduce patient harm from HAIs, AR pathogens, and healthcare outbreaks. </p><p>The ultimate goal of healthcare outbreak response is to rapidly detect and respond to potential outbreaks, ensuring that any unsafe practices are discovered and corrected before further harm can occur.</p><p>The chapter contains information on: </p><ul><li>Healthcare settings investigators may encounter as part of an HAI/AR outbreak response </li><li>Changes to healthcare delivery, regulations, funding, and public health capacity over time that have impacted HAI/AR surveillance practices and outbreak response activities</li><li>Trends in surveillance, including descriptions of systems used to identify potential outbreaks as well as types of outbreaks and other events to which public health routinely responds<strong> </strong></li></ul>\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:17:49','2024-08-01 04:17:49','14156651-c8de-4c37-b31a-e0ca9768e0a5'),(45886,45587,1,'4 - Outbreak Detection & Reporting','outbreak-detection-reporting','chapters/outbreak-detection-reporting','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 4, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Four\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','7b5ba194-b612-4082-a2ce-bfaae56eff29'),(45887,45588,1,NULL,'__temp_sbffsqdgxhoiqpfnkwlvaejfemjerfdbucfy',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p>Learn how potential outbreaks are identified and get practical advice for improving detection and reporting.</p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','954a433c-17b8-4a1c-9b7f-43503b8025e0'),(45888,45589,1,NULL,'__temp_veigxaeeaunmjzmmdszwqbvriyscwqybsosi',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','1b2637d4-6680-42d9-ab26-684f44ae33aa'),(45889,45590,1,NULL,'__temp_mneazqsuizqbjlgxkrvlwgqpsgjyoacovuyp',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','b679ebcf-8a72-404b-9ae8-d91ab4d0a4a7'),(45890,45591,1,NULL,'__temp_outrsyditlzibngravyvcffxfjaizofflofv',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','d0e16180-5d94-44c7-9343-90925a821847'),(45891,45592,1,NULL,'__temp_pkbeddfzuapjyzuwppbxcbdstatuvfkxcxzo',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','7a5561d8-3012-4bc0-a5a9-0490ce407e0f'),(45892,45593,1,NULL,'__temp_caexalvkglrdbsiwjwopyklapwykzzqnxpko',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','80049401-51a1-4166-a1f6-43983ab33764'),(45893,45594,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:54','2024-08-01 04:20:54','5f73d968-0af6-4f48-8b8e-2c6c52b7461d'),(45894,45595,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','c63676a1-0966-4da9-8de5-233feb55f2c4'),(45895,45596,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','de9d67a3-faeb-4611-86c7-71ee8c6d4fc1'),(45896,45597,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','b97ca8e5-3639-48ed-9477-d2dd4a800f0b'),(45897,45598,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','a869d9e3-b6dc-4a7e-868b-5f3cc95c427a'),(45898,45599,1,NULL,'__temp_pudrwknbpsrwauqnsebmaqrzcllkjxranhqo',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition – Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of April 30, 2024.  </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','a024286c-a0bb-42bb-b7cd-e48cbceefaf2'),(45899,45600,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','a018c1c2-fc54-41a3-87fc-5f944c9c3b1d'),(45900,45601,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','24f5072d-eb8f-4c8b-b270-7e266523f1d4'),(45901,45602,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:20:55','2024-08-01 04:20:55','d9cbb8b6-ec3b-4dbc-9dad-13217976c6f5'),(45905,45606,1,'4 - Outbreak Detection & Reporting','outbreak-detection-reporting','chapters/outbreak-detection-reporting','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Outbreak Detection & Reporting\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 4, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Four\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:22:49','2024-08-01 04:22:49','cbe84d6d-e5dc-473e-aaf0-c8ef0f5d42f1'),(45906,45607,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:22:49','2024-08-01 04:22:49','e5dd9e1e-fc25-4023-afba-c114f485772e'),(45907,45608,1,NULL,'__temp_ejlhymvsiwfdbdpybzmlypzagwmjdzrlyawl',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Detection and reporting provide the foundation for a healthcare outbreak response, triggering activities aimed at assessing the situation, implementing control measures, and halting disease transmission.</p><p>In Chapter 4, Outbreak Detection &amp; Reporting, we examine the two primary pathways for recognizing potential outbreaks, detection via reports and through use of surveillance data. Definitions of sentinel cases, clusters, and outbreaks are described. </p><p>The section on direct reporting of outbreaks includes information on reporting within a healthcare facility and reporting to public health, entities that can report to public health, and types of events that may be reported. This is followed by an overview of the use of routine surveillance systems for cluster and outbreak detection. </p><p>Strengths and limitations, key determinants of successful detection, and model practices are described for both types of detection methods. Health departments can improve outbreak detection by regularly communicating reporting mechanisms and expectations to hospitals, long term care facilities and other provider types; consider establishing thresholds for reporting that are specific to commonly encountered conditions.</p><p>The<a> </a>chapter concludes with some considerations for detecting and reporting multifacility and multijurisdictional outbreaks, a topic that is unpacked further in <a href=\\\"{entry:9592@1:url||https://dev.corha.org/chapters/infection-control-breach-investigations}\\\">Supplement B, Infection Control Breach Investigations</a>.</p><p> </p>\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:22:49','2024-08-01 04:22:49','6a48158c-cd9c-4bbd-ac41-47cd67108161'),(45912,45613,1,'5 - Investigation & Control','investigation-control','chapters/investigation-control','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Investigation & Control\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 5, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Five\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','9e98e0e6-cc75-44d4-9c84-3395f7a7a81c'),(45913,45614,1,NULL,'__temp_mehmpepcjrsjyyglqprknrzwwvbsbfmkqopo',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p>Learn about the key steps involved in responding to –and stopping– HAI/AR outbreaks.</p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Investigation & Control\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','2aba0466-c22d-46b9-81aa-4295c4e8bbad'),(45914,45615,1,NULL,'__temp_mzcxsdcurlsubaijutjocdsitrgfjndvrfql',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','8d030063-369a-4942-9fa7-6734184bd0f0'),(45915,45616,1,NULL,'__temp_zrogmjthtetkdijtnjpnutgxghkggvohapus',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','fc08452d-a07b-49f5-9d60-1f51d04513fc'),(45916,45617,1,NULL,'__temp_urvafbransuxsslvqnpynqvlbeddwmkqwmlf',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','8a57d1db-5e4a-4db3-b23f-9f41aa972771'),(45917,45618,1,NULL,'__temp_ulzlttcdjydjzaitdvlvudjehjnekwpeobwu',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','248e4749-bea6-41d5-b91a-5c71408c5d65'),(45918,45619,1,NULL,'__temp_qmhpjtjbiqfmycithzulkzgwcpwrozofywjo',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','b440022e-6010-4f3a-b112-c0e797ee12e7'),(45919,45620,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','d2f46658-f894-470b-8bf2-afde29eab8bd'),(45920,45621,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','43ce7837-7b4d-4878-979d-c2a016562669'),(45921,45622,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','25b6df58-f808-4352-b921-16cfa3a2c1ab'),(45922,45623,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','2f0a5e14-264a-458f-8209-a57dec60934d'),(45923,45624,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','b5b38295-e308-47d8-9ebd-b9edc6f48b24'),(45924,45625,1,NULL,'__temp_pyjhyceldewdqtxzzffxacohpikncvnnocos',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition – Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published October 2022</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of May 1, 2024.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','c9894b22-a17c-4328-b7d7-18fb1ec87ba8'),(45925,45626,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','6425c979-1bbe-46ab-91ba-4330f8721a48'),(45926,45627,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','a8d33492-c7ab-411a-88a2-34260c7d2e6b'),(45927,45628,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:26:28','2024-08-01 04:26:28','0c56fac9-7284-4e8a-b8ba-1f0783935bf6'),(45932,45633,1,'6 - Laboratory Best Practices','laboratory-best-practices','chapters/laboratory-best-practices','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Laboratory Best Practices\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 6, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Six\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','29df94ce-1f23-40ae-9645-a918a8511f79'),(45933,45634,1,NULL,'__temp_ggyfxiqvqoprkyfmzlvrexqibphlwhgsiqwg',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p>Learn how laboratory partners contribute to healthcare outbreak response, providing key information to help initiate and guide investigations.</p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Laboratory Best Practices\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','df662e80-993c-43a6-af96-139362c442bb'),(45934,45635,1,NULL,'__temp_cyxxkhgwehnkndsenhqeeoiebnscxvfsxezi',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','313804e3-1b8f-4259-92c0-5d233c499fea'),(45935,45636,1,NULL,'__temp_lisqvxrsyksdhinmuhbfjohtrsjfkpfafvfn',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','f41a3097-3816-4175-b3fa-69a83fb9ffdb'),(45936,45637,1,NULL,'__temp_pzphsoafjjfmbcikydrqpvyfjmpvlrihzicn',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','75d6c535-6815-4779-b2a0-00848c6a876e'),(45937,45638,1,NULL,'__temp_cbkkjecasdaeumsleftbhuqabkfqmrwbuhvt',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','cae4de65-5a2a-47fa-963b-78334aa8f4e3'),(45938,45639,1,NULL,'__temp_ujedsbprmqhskqewryguhjmigoncyejwhexj',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:17','2024-08-01 04:29:17','36bb8755-787b-479b-ab3b-53ea592056c9'),(45939,45640,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','e2d69976-687f-466c-85a5-49fabf664b9c'),(45940,45641,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','83e90b88-b711-4211-a8e4-aea7faa8d0a6'),(45941,45642,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','d6ac2e8d-f959-4e7c-a699-10b1bc142362'),(45942,45643,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','da44f4ed-c245-421b-9a68-0afe97bf613a'),(45943,45644,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','1c5401f0-7f5f-42ec-8ae0-3199f4390c24'),(45944,45645,1,NULL,'__temp_yekokqivoxgrmnshcnbqrgbgyvduqdhtvdvp',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition – Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published June 2023</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of May 31, 2024. </li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','21342bcf-e4ce-492a-8cda-a01988ebee01'),(45945,45646,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','98581ecf-6718-45ce-916c-49ad570a49c6'),(45946,45647,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','8933dd1e-3773-4382-a4e6-46d619230eef'),(45947,45648,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:29:18','2024-08-01 04:29:18','95c91daa-8a9e-448b-858d-3ffae845ccc8'),(45958,45659,1,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 7 Multifacility and Mutlijurisdictional Outbreaks',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:41:35','2024-08-01 04:41:35','b1156d98-56cd-4b63-8e0f-ba52aa4e0c82'),(45959,45659,2,'CORHA Principles and Practices Chapter 7 Multifacility and Mutlijurisdictional Outbreaks',NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:41:35','2024-08-01 04:41:35','da7e1f41-843d-457d-9b71-69d47e8e44b2'),(45960,45660,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:41:40','2024-08-01 04:41:40','a5657574-2ecb-4d24-9d33-5c1b1160ad2e'),(45961,45661,1,NULL,'__temp_whszxbrbwzjucqkqyrspoytgrivkkzmkcprl',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<ol><li>Assiri A, Abedi GR, Bin Saeed AA, et al. Multifacility outbreak of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(1):32–40. doi: 10.3201/eid2201.151370</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Multiple outbreaks of hepatitis b virus infection related to assisted monitoring of blood glucose among residents of assisted living facilities—Virginia, 2009–2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(19):339–343.</li><li>Hancock-Allen JB, Janelle SJ, Lujan K, Bamberg WM. Outbreak of group A Streptococcus infections in an outpatient wound clinic–Colorado, 2014. Am J Infect Control. 2016;44(10):1133–1138. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.058</li><li>Adams E, Quinn M, Tsay S, et al. Candida auris in healthcare facilities, New York, USA, 2013–2017. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24(10):1816–1824. doi:10.3201/eid2410.180649</li><li>Holden D, Mitsunaga T, Sanford D, Fryer T, et al. Multifacility outbreak of NDM/OXA-23–producing Acinetobacter baumannii in California, 2020–2021. Antimicrobial Stewardship &amp; Healthcare Epidemiology, 1(Suppl 1). 2021;s79. doi:10.1017/ash.2021.155</li><li>Buser GL, Cassidy PM, Cunningham MC, et al. Failure to communicate: transmission of extensively drug-resistant blaOXA-237-containing acinetobacter baumannii-multiple facilities in Oregon, 2012–2014. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2017;38(11):1335–1341. doi:10.1017/ice.2017.189</li><li>Perkins KM, Lawsin A, Hasan NA, et al. Notes from the Field. Mycobacterium chimaera contamination of heatercooler<br />devices used in cardiac surgery—United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65:1117–1118. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6540a6</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC Yellow Book 2024: Medical Tourism. <a href=\\\"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism\\\">https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2024/health-care-abroad/medical-tourism</a></li></ol>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','45ed66ac-0fe8-40ba-81e1-a432db23a5aa'),(45962,45662,1,'7 - Multifacility & Jurisdiction','special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','chapters/special-considerations-for-multi-facility-multi-jurisdiction-outbreaks','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Multi-Facility & Jurisdiction\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 7, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Chapter Seven - Coming soon\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','1ba3adbc-a195-457a-a80d-1396e4857369'),(45963,45663,1,NULL,'__temp_ausejupduxtxezbexaaizuccutjwolcsmqvy',NULL,'{\"0f72865d-fe3e-4163-918f-27e7c84781c3\": \"<p>Learn about the complexities and challenges when a healthcare outbreak involves more than one facility or local/state/federal jurisdiction.</p>\", \"8e258b49-53ff-4566-8088-a5161e4a62cc\": \"Multifacility & Multijurisdictional Outbreaks\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','94fd3388-d3b4-4801-8af4-2f4b6b4b7835'),(45964,45664,1,NULL,'__temp_mtjndlamwxqfzxalrlovxzbatescuphmoosm',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For infection prevention specialists\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for epidemiologists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','8241bde0-c0b2-4c15-8bea-d7a70b6d9ba6'),(45965,45665,1,NULL,'__temp_bweoyjhjwgxgbjzslmcqegumcwrqtyuydjky',NULL,'{\"a48729ab-e8ea-4b7f-a871-7ece2b6c639a\": \"For health departments & healthcare facilities\", \"e6ff6d22-2545-4632-893e-5feb543677a2\": \"Also useful for associated specialists\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','f299e8ab-4b0d-4dfa-b7c1-ef4eca0a612c'),(45966,45666,1,NULL,'__temp_zsjjizcpzydrswarnpnwxsgclzfhugszvega',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','605a0b62-574b-4eb3-bb22-911e13913cb0'),(45967,45667,1,NULL,'__temp_xiynhoggqqbqadktrcrtbwphojhinxrnvsyh',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','ea237857-af62-4613-a3a4-89f33f14de90'),(45968,45668,1,NULL,'__temp_enwjwatphuhiplymgubssgdqybvpcbiwjffa',NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','1e73305f-5221-4f6a-8aee-9e89b722eb47'),(45969,45669,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 04:41:41','2024-08-01 04:41:41','c5d0394f-46d4-49cb-b7c6-e51ddc39fd3c'),(45970,45670,1,NULL,'__temp_ncxbbqimijnmsgrepwrakpxezzgpsemxuqcj',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<h2>Chapter Summary</h2><p>Compared with outbreaks affecting a single healthcare facility with responsibility for investigation falling squarely within the jurisdiction of a single local/state/federal agency, outbreaks involving multiple healthcare facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. </p><p>In Chapter 7, Multifacility and Multijurisdictional Outbreaks, we examine the unique aspects of these types of investigations. 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Emerg Infect Dis. 2016;22(1):32–40. doi: 10.3201/eid2201.151370</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Multiple outbreaks of hepatitis b virus infection related to assisted monitoring of blood glucose among residents of assisted living facilities—Virginia, 2009–2011. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2012;61(19):339–343.</li><li>Hancock-Allen JB, Janelle SJ, Lujan K, Bamberg WM. Outbreak of group A Streptococcus infections in an outpatient wound clinic–Colorado, 2014. Am J Infect Control. 2016;44(10):1133–1138. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2016.03.058</li><li>Adams E, Quinn M, Tsay S, et al. Candida auris in healthcare facilities, New York, USA, 2013–2017. Emerg Infect Dis. 2018;24(10):1816–1824. doi:10.3201/eid2410.180649</li><li>Holden D, Mitsunaga T, Sanford D, Fryer T, et al. Multifacility outbreak of NDM/OXA-23–producing Acinetobacter baumannii in California, 2020–2021. Antimicrobial Stewardship &amp; Healthcare Epidemiology, 1(Suppl 1). 2021;s79. doi:10.1017/ash.2021.155</li><li>Buser GL, Cassidy PM, Cunningham MC, et al. Failure to communicate: transmission of extensively drug-resistant blaOXA-237-containing acinetobacter baumannii-multiple facilities in Oregon, 2012–2014. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2017;38(11):1335–1341. doi:10.1017/ice.2017.189</li><li>Perkins KM, Lawsin A, Hasan NA, et al. Notes from the Field. Mycobacterium chimaera contamination of heatercooler<br />devices used in cardiac surgery—United States. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2016;65:1117–1118. doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6540a6</li><li>Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 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Compared with single facility outbreaks, those that involve multiple facilities or multiple jurisdictions are more complex and are often more difficult to detect, coordinate, and investigate. 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Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition – Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published March 2024</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of May 31, 2024.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 04:59:39','2024-08-01 04:59:59','ef362e78-6d86-4c55-97e5-1ec38ff53ca2'),(46022,45721,1,NULL,'__temp_etntecsaneliwxhfpdnbcwvxzehmjrzboxgv',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Medical Product Investigations – Key Resources</strong></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Arias KM, Felizardo G et.al. APIC position paper: Safe injection, infusion, and<br />medication vial practices in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jul 1;44(7):750-7.</p><p>2. FDA. MedWatch. Accessed at: <a href=\\\"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.\\\">https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.</a></p><p>3. FDA. Sharing Non-Public Information. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy</a><br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">Compounding/UCM446165.pdf</a>.</p><p><strong>Contaminated Medical Products – Selected Examples</strong></p><p><i>Endoscopes</i></p><p>1. Botana-Rial M, Leiro-Fernández V, Núñez-Delgado M, Álvarez-Fernández M, Otero-Fernández S,<br />et. al. A Pseudo-Outbreak of Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a<br />Bronchoscopy Unit. 2016;92(4):274-278.</p><p>2. FDA. Infections Associated with Reprocessed Duodenoscopes. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes\\\">https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes</a> </p><p>3. Guy M, Vanhems P, Dananché C, Perraud M, Regard A, et. al. Outbreak of pulmonary<br />Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections related to<br />contaminated bronchoscope suction valves, Lyon, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016 Jul<br />14;21(28).</p><p>4. Humphries RM, Yang S, Kim S, Muthusamy VR, Russell D, et. al. Duodenoscope-Related<br />Outbreak of a Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Identified Using Advanced<br />Molecular Diagnostics. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 1;65(7):1159-1166.</p><p>5. Kumarage J, Khonyongwa K, Khan A, Desai N, Hoffman P, Taori SK. Transmission of multi-drug<br />resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa between two flexible ureteroscopes and an outbreak of<br />urinary tract infection: the fragility of endoscope decontamination. J Hosp Infect. 2019<br />May;102(1):89-94.</p><p>6. Rahman MR, Perisetti A, Coman R, Bansal P, Chhabra R, Goyal H. Duodenoscope-Associated<br />Infections: Update on an Emerging Problem. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Jun;64(6):1409-1418.</p><p><i>Heater-Cooler Devices</i></p><p>1. CDC. Contaminated Heater-Cooler Devices: Health Alert. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html</a> </p><p>2. Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et. al. Invasive Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections among<br />Cardiothoracic Surgical Patients Exposed to Heater–Cooler Devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017<br />May; 23(5): 796–805.</p><p>3. Perkins KM, Lawsin A, Hasan NA, et al. Notes from the Field. Mycobacterium chimaera<br />Contamination of Heater-Cooler Devices Used in Cardiac Surgery — United States. MMWR<br />Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1117–1118. </p><p>4. van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, Hasse B, Keller PM, et. al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;17(10):1033-1041. </p><p><i>Medication/Product </i></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Littlehorn C, Glodé MP, Dowell E, Xavier K, et. al. Association of Bacillus cereus infection with contaminated alcohol prep pads. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;33(7):666-71. </p><p>2. Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et. al. Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 6; 367(23): 2194–2203. </p><p>3. West K, Janelle S, Schutz K, Hamilton S, Mayo K, et. al. Outbreak of Serratia marcescens bacteremia in pediatric patients epidemiologically linked to pre-filled heparin flushes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Jul 25:1-2. </p><p>4. Hudson MJ, Park SC, Mathers A, Parikh H, Glowicz J, Dar D, Nabili M, LiPuma JJ, Bumford A, Pettengill MA, Sterner Jr MR. Outbreak of Burkholderia stabilis infections associated with contaminated nonsterile, multiuse ultrasound gel—10 states, May–September 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2022 Dec 12;71(48):1517. </p><p>5. CDC. Outbreak of Extensively Drug-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa Associated with Artificial Tears. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html</a>  </p><p>6. Schwartz NG, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Annambhotla P, Filardo TD, Althomsons SP, Free RJ, Li R, Wilson WW, Deutsch-Feldman M, Drees M, Hanlin E. Nationwide tuberculosis outbreak in the USA linked to a bone graft product: an outbreak report. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2022 Nov 1;22(11):1617-25. </p><p>7. Hartnett KP, Powell KM, Rankin D, Gable P, Kim JJ, Spoto S, Breaker E, Hunter R, Dotson N, McAllister G, Stevens V. Investigation of Bacterial Infections Among Patients Treated With Umbilical Cord Blood–Derived Products Marketed as Stem Cell Therapies. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2128615.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-08-01 05:00:35','2024-08-01 05:00:35','2ed1d266-11c3-41f2-b70b-afe97750333d'),(46023,45722,1,'A - Medical Product Investigations','medical-product-investigations','chapters/medical-product-investigations','{\"0c9be173-318a-42f5-b27d-86204f3dfa65\": \"Medical Product Investigations\", \"68c04e47-b499-4e50-88f0-a409394e673e\": 9, \"ee09d78e-63c3-4bdf-aaf4-4c05789851fb\": \"Supplement A\"}',1,'2024-08-01 05:00:41','2024-08-01 05:00:41','cf5b2d14-241c-42df-908f-082125a014c8'),(46024,45723,1,NULL,'__temp_afcejsjkicrdfkrrksbkwxvvdxidykcxexwq',NULL,'{\"4ef0d8f2-6c32-41b6-8648-80abbba8adaf\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}, \"ce38096b-1714-4d43-ae46-d75b6150ba1a\": {\"date\": \"2024-06-30 07:00:00\"}}',1,'2024-08-01 05:00:41','2024-08-01 05:00:41','57f0167d-e3dc-48eb-9933-c965b4c7d96a'),(46025,45724,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 05:00:41','2024-08-01 05:00:41','51ca8aeb-ceef-43c0-9143-e247a09d2c02'),(46026,45725,1,NULL,'__temp_cybgvddijrrftkbuutprhbrugnblolclejoh',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. Previous changes can be tracked below:</p><ul><li>2nd Edition – Published June 2024</li><li>1st Edition – Published March 2024</li><li>URLs in this document are valid as of May 31, 2024.</li></ul>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Change Log\"}',1,'2024-08-01 05:00:41','2024-08-01 05:00:41','94c15831-2b97-425f-95ad-40d1ed4bec3d'),(46027,45726,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 05:00:41','2024-08-01 05:00:41','ac491d7b-2f81-48cc-ba0c-7b20b253f415'),(46028,45727,1,NULL,'__temp_etntecsaneliwxhfpdnbcwvxzehmjrzboxgv',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Medical Product Investigations – Key Resources</strong></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Arias KM, Felizardo G et.al. APIC position paper: Safe injection, infusion, and<br />medication vial practices in health care. Am J Infect Control. 2016 Jul 1;44(7):750-7.</p><p>2. FDA. MedWatch. Accessed at: <a href=\\\"https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.\\\">https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/medwatch/index.cfm.</a></p><p>3. FDA. Sharing Non-Public Information. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy</a><br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/downloads/Drugs/GuidanceComplianceRegulatoryInformation/Pharmacy%20Compounding/UCM446165.pdf\\\">Compounding/UCM446165.pdf</a>.</p><p><strong>Contaminated Medical Products – Selected Examples</strong></p><p><i>Endoscopes</i></p><p>1. Botana-Rial M, Leiro-Fernández V, Núñez-Delgado M, Álvarez-Fernández M, Otero-Fernández S,<br />et. al. A Pseudo-Outbreak of Pseudomonas putida and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in a<br />Bronchoscopy Unit. 2016;92(4):274-278.</p><p>2. FDA. Infections Associated with Reprocessed Duodenoscopes. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes\\\">https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/reprocessing-reusable-medical-devices/infectionsassociated-reprocessed-duodenoscopes</a> </p><p>3. Guy M, Vanhems P, Dananché C, Perraud M, Regard A, et. al. Outbreak of pulmonary<br />Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections related to<br />contaminated bronchoscope suction valves, Lyon, France, 2014. Euro Surveill. 2016 Jul<br />14;21(28).</p><p>4. Humphries RM, Yang S, Kim S, Muthusamy VR, Russell D, et. al. Duodenoscope-Related<br />Outbreak of a Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Identified Using Advanced<br />Molecular Diagnostics. Clin Infect Dis. 2017 Oct 1;65(7):1159-1166.</p><p>5. Kumarage J, Khonyongwa K, Khan A, Desai N, Hoffman P, Taori SK. Transmission of multi-drug<br />resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa between two flexible ureteroscopes and an outbreak of<br />urinary tract infection: the fragility of endoscope decontamination. J Hosp Infect. 2019<br />May;102(1):89-94.</p><p>6. Rahman MR, Perisetti A, Coman R, Bansal P, Chhabra R, Goyal H. Duodenoscope-Associated<br />Infections: Update on an Emerging Problem. Dig Dis Sci. 2019 Jun;64(6):1409-1418.</p><p><i>Heater-Cooler Devices</i></p><p>1. CDC. Contaminated Heater-Cooler Devices: Health Alert. Available at:<br /><a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/heater-cooler.html</a> </p><p>2. Lyman MM, Grigg C, Kinsey CB, et. al. Invasive Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections among<br />Cardiothoracic Surgical Patients Exposed to Heater–Cooler Devices. Emerg Infect Dis. 2017<br />May; 23(5): 796–805.</p><p>3. Perkins KM, Lawsin A, Hasan NA, et al. Notes from the Field. Mycobacterium chimaera<br />Contamination of Heater-Cooler Devices Used in Cardiac Surgery — United States. MMWR<br />Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2016;65:1117–1118. </p><p>4. van Ingen J, Kohl TA, Kranzer K, Hasse B, Keller PM, et. al. Global outbreak of severe Mycobacterium chimaera disease after cardiac surgery: a molecular epidemiological study. Lancet Infect Dis. 2017 Oct;17(10):1033-1041. </p><p><i>Medication/Product </i></p><p>1. Dolan SA, Littlehorn C, Glodé MP, Dowell E, Xavier K, et. al. Association of Bacillus cereus infection with contaminated alcohol prep pads. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2012 Jul;33(7):666-71. </p><p>2. Kainer MA, Reagan DR, Nguyen DB, et. al. Fungal Infections Associated with Contaminated Methylprednisolone in Tennessee. N Engl J Med. 2012 Dec 6; 367(23): 2194–2203. </p><p>3. West K, Janelle S, Schutz K, Hamilton S, Mayo K, et. al. Outbreak of Serratia marcescens bacteremia in pediatric patients epidemiologically linked to pre-filled heparin flushes. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2019 Jul 25:1-2. </p><p>4. Hudson MJ, Park SC, Mathers A, Parikh H, Glowicz J, Dar D, Nabili M, LiPuma JJ, Bumford A, Pettengill MA, Sterner Jr MR. Outbreak of Burkholderia stabilis infections associated with contaminated nonsterile, multiuse ultrasound gel—10 states, May–September 2021. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2022 Dec 12;71(48):1517. </p><p>5. CDC. Outbreak of Extensively Drug-resistant Psuedomonas aeruginosa Associated with Artificial Tears. Available at: <a href=\\\"https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html\\\">https://www.cdc.gov/hai/outbreaks/crpa-artificial-tears.html</a>  </p><p>6. Schwartz NG, Hernandez-Romieu AC, Annambhotla P, Filardo TD, Althomsons SP, Free RJ, Li R, Wilson WW, Deutsch-Feldman M, Drees M, Hanlin E. Nationwide tuberculosis outbreak in the USA linked to a bone graft product: an outbreak report. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2022 Nov 1;22(11):1617-25. </p><p>7. Hartnett KP, Powell KM, Rankin D, Gable P, Kim JJ, Spoto S, Breaker E, Hunter R, Dotson N, McAllister G, Stevens V. Investigation of Bacterial Infections Among Patients Treated With Umbilical Cord Blood–Derived Products Marketed as Stem Cell Therapies. JAMA Network Open. 2021 Oct 1;4(10):e2128615.</p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Chapter References\"}',1,'2024-08-01 05:00:41','2024-08-01 05:00:41','6dabe9ce-4437-4d3b-91ab-4ce8b29ff541'),(46032,45731,1,NULL,'__temp_ljvoyezwfawuifwshsjqwjidotzjrysmomoq',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p>As advances occur in outbreak protocols, this guidance document will be updated. 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You will understand how outbreak response activities are informed by epidemiological factors. You will acquire knowledge to effectively prepare for and conduct site visits, communicate with facilities and other partners, and determine when to transition back to standard surveillance.</p><p><strong>Target Audience:</strong> The primary audience for this training is public health professionals in state, territorial, and local Healthcare-Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance (HAI/AR) Programs.</p><p><strong>Modules 5 through 7 will be available in 2024.</strong></p><p><strong>To access the course on </strong><a href=\\\"https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration\\\"><strong>CDC Train</strong></a></p><p> </p><p> </p><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Healthcare Outbreak Response Training\"}',1,'2024-08-01 17:10:41','2024-08-01 17:11:52','0d3fa184-be07-47b3-a9c8-cfff71326014'),(46072,45771,1,NULL,'__temp_unzmnhymfoqdszlmvdklokhawgmczaucefkd',NULL,'{\"c9374286-f051-4a4a-a20b-da25d3c319ff\": \"<p><strong>Course Description:</strong> This program is designed to give US hospital epidemiologists who oversee infection control programs the skills, knowledge, and tools to provide effective leadership during facility-level outbreaks and large-scale public health emergencies.</p><h3><strong>Learning Objectives</strong></h3><p>At the conclusion of this activity, participants should be able to:</p><ul><li>Discuss lessons learned from prior outbreaks in order to prepare for emerging infections</li><li>Describe currently emerging infectious diseases that are most likely to cause outbreaks, and implement screening procedures that would identify potential patients.</li><li>Critique existing infection control policies and procedures and recognize gaps.</li><li>Prepare a communication plan in order to communicate effectively with the public and media during the next outbreak/crisis.</li><li>Define the role of the hospital epidemiologist in public health emergencies.</li><li>Apply and evaluate current screening methods used to identify potential public health emergencies.</li><li>Determine strategies to ramp up, step down, and maintain emergency preparation and containment efforts for high-consequence infection pathogen.</li></ul><p><strong>Target Audience: </strong>This activity is designed to train US hospital epidemiologists who oversee infection control programs to have the skills, abilities, and tools available to implement infection control practices and respond to infectious threats.</p><p><strong>Access the course on </strong><a href=\\\"https://learningce.shea-online.org/content/sheacdc-outbreak-response-training-program-ortp#group-tabs-node-course-default1\\\"><strong>LearningCE SHEA Online Education Center</strong></a></p><p> </p>\", \"f394434c-cdd6-422c-857c-73fdb47ec55d\": \"Outbreak Response Training Program (ORTP)\"}',1,'2024-08-01 17:11:08','2024-08-01 17:12:47','678c7878-3016-480f-81e4-e8e075e48070'),(46074,45773,1,NULL,'__temp_pchrwqhpyfgwzhzceamysvvtkamntyzphkjj',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Outbreak Response Training Program (ORTP)\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>This program is designed to give US hospital epidemiologists who oversee infection control programs the skills, knowledge, and tools to provide effective leadership during facility-level outbreaks and large-scale public health emergencies.</p>\"}',1,'2024-08-01 17:12:28','2024-08-01 17:13:29','f48eed3d-588c-4ad6-b49f-ae2f00987f6b'),(46075,45774,1,NULL,'__temp_stsrzrankwevkisbgzttnzadgfnfudjufwsg',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Healthcare Outbreak Response Training\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>This training for public health introduces learners to key concepts needed to investigate a healthcare outbreak.</p>\"}',1,'2024-08-01 17:13:33','2024-08-01 17:14:31','546cf338-86dd-4dfd-bf53-f5b0eba9d444'),(46076,45775,1,NULL,'__temp_stsrzrankwevkisbgzttnzadgfnfudjufwsg',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Healthcare Outbreak Response Training\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>8-part course, based on CORHA\'s Principles &amp; Practices, that introduces public health professionals to key concepts needed to investigate a healthcare outbreak.</p><p>Target Audience: Public Health</p><p>Access the course on <a href=\\\"https://www.train.org/cdctrain/course/1114178/compilation?activeTab=registration\\\">CDC Train</a></p><p><i>Author: CDC/CORHA/CSTE</i></p>\"}',1,'2024-08-01 17:14:32','2024-08-01 17:21:14','704b4d59-54c9-489c-b4de-89a42e843bf0'),(46077,45776,1,NULL,'__temp_pchrwqhpyfgwzhzceamysvvtkamntyzphkjj',NULL,'{\"209d1b3f-bacb-40ce-abd0-d60b14d7d09f\": \"Outbreak Response Training Program (ORTP)\", \"52169a58-6acc-41b7-85e5-d98a2a750451\": \"<p>This program is designed to give US hospital epidemiologists who oversee infection control programs the skills, knowledge, and tools to provide effective leadership during facility-level outbreaks and large-scale public health emergencies.</p><p>Target Audience: Hospital Epidemiologists</p><p><strong>Access the course on </strong><a href=\\\"https://learningce.shea-online.org/content/sheacdc-outbreak-response-training-program-ortp#group-tabs-node-course-default1\\\"><strong>LearningCE SHEA Online Education Center</strong></a></p><p><i>Author: SHEA/CDC</i></p>\"}',1,'2024-08-01 17:14:33','2024-08-01 17:21:14','c23d8280-7838-46ac-b641-4ee2485d0934'),(46078,45777,1,'Outbreak Response Training Courses','healthcare-outbreak-response-training-course','tools/healthcare-outbreak-response-training-course',NULL,1,'2024-08-01 17:14:33','2024-08-01 17:14:33','efd62227-78f6-46c5-81b3-f4c6fd97d700'),(46079,45778,1,NULL,NULL,NULL,NULL,1,'2024-08-01 17:14:33','2024-08-01 17:14:33','c2ea8540-63df-4ee0-b965-ff9bfa729b4f'),